Correcting connection existence in tearDown operations

If no connection was enstablished, skip the tearDown operations
Removing ::class pseudo-constant usage
2026-04-25 15:38:10 +02:00 · 2017-08-11 23:28:20 +02:00 · 2017-08-11 22:56:02 +02:00 · 2017-08-11 22:49:46 +02:00 · 2017-08-11 22:22:50 +02:00 · 2017-08-11 21:43:05 +02:00
2712 changed files with 167877 additions and 172835 deletions
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+# for php-coveralls
+service_name: travis-ci
+src_dir: lib
+coverage_clover: build/logs/clover*.xml
@@ -1,117 +0,0 @@
-{
-    "active": true,
-    "name": "Object Relational Mapper",
-    "shortName": "ORM",
-    "slug": "orm",
-    "docsSlug": "doctrine-orm",
-    "versions": [
-        {
-            "name": "4.0",
-            "branchName": "4.0.x",
-            "slug": "latest",
-            "upcoming": true
-        },
-        {
-            "name": "3.4",
-            "branchName": "3.4.x",
-            "slug": "3.4",
-            "upcoming": true
-        },
-        {
-            "name": "3.3",
-            "branchName": "3.3.x",
-            "slug": "3.3",
-            "current": true
-        },
-        {
-            "name": "3.2",
-            "branchName": "3.2.x",
-            "slug": "3.2",
-            "maintained": false
-        },
-        {
-            "name": "3.1",
-            "branchName": "3.1.x",
-            "slug": "3.1",
-            "maintained": false
-        },
-        {
-            "name": "3.0",
-            "branchName": "3.0.x",
-            "slug": "3.0",
-            "maintained": false
-        },
-        {
-            "name": "2.21",
-            "branchName": "2.21.x",
-            "slug": "2.21",
-            "upcoming": true
-        },
-        {
-            "name": "2.20",
-            "branchName": "2.20.x",
-            "slug": "2.20",
-            "maintained": true
-        },
-        {
-            "name": "2.19",
-            "branchName": "2.19.x",
-            "slug": "2.19",
-            "maintained": false
-        },
-        {
-            "name": "2.18",
-            "branchName": "2.18.x",
-            "slug": "2.18",
-            "maintained": false
-        },
-        {
-            "name": "2.17",
-            "branchName": "2.17.x",
-            "slug": "2.17",
-            "maintained": false
-        },
-        {
-            "name": "2.16",
-            "branchName": "2.16.x",
-            "slug": "2.16",
-            "maintained": false
-        },
-        {
-            "name": "2.15",
-            "branchName": "2.15.x",
-            "slug": "2.15",
-            "maintained": false
-        },
-        {
-            "name": "2.14",
-            "branchName": "2.14.x",
-            "slug": "2.14",
-            "maintained": false
-        },
-        {
-            "name": "2.13",
-            "branchName": "2.13.x",
-            "slug": "2.13",
-            "maintained": false
-        },
-        {
-            "name": "2.12",
-            "branchName": "2.12.x",
-            "slug": "2.12",
-            "maintained": false
-        },
-        {
-            "name": "2.11",
-            "branchName": "2.11.x",
-            "slug": "2.11",
-            "maintained": false
-        },
-        {
-            "name": "2.10",
-            "branchName": "2.10.x",
-            "slug": "2.10",
-            "maintained": false
-        }
-    ]
-}
@@ -1,21 +1,12 @@
-/.github export-ignore
-/ci export-ignore
-/docs export-ignore
 /tests export-ignore
 /tools export-ignore
-.doctrine-project.json export-ignore
 .gitattributes export-ignore
 .gitignore export-ignore
+.gitmodules export-ignore
+.travis.yml export-ignore
 build.properties export-ignore
 build.properties.dev export-ignore
 build.xml export-ignore
 CONTRIBUTING.md export-ignore
 phpunit.xml.dist export-ignore
 run-all.sh export-ignore
-phpcs.xml.dist export-ignore
-phpbench.json export-ignore
-phpstan.neon export-ignore
-phpstan-baseline.neon export-ignore
-phpstan-dbal2.neon export-ignore
-phpstan-params.neon export-ignore
-phpstan-persistence2.neon export-ignore
@@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
---
-name: 🐞 Failing Test
-about: You found a bug and have a failing Unit or Functional test? 🔨
---
-
-### Failing Test
-
-<!-- Fill in the relevant information below to help triage your issue. -->
-
-|    Q        |   A
-|------------ | ------
-| BC Break    | yes/no
-| Version     | x.y.z
-
-
-#### Summary
-
-<!-- Provide a summary of the failing scenario. -->
-
@@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
---
-name: ⚙ Improvement
-about: You have some improvement to make Doctrine better? 🎁
---
-
-### Improvement
-
-<!-- Fill in the relevant information below to help triage your issue. -->
-
-|    Q        |   A
-|------------ | ------
-| New Feature | yes
-| RFC         | yes/no
-| BC Break    | yes/no
-
-#### Summary
-
-<!-- Provide a summary of the improvement you are submitting. -->
@@ -1,26 +0,0 @@
---
-name: 🎉 New Feature
-about: You have implemented some neat idea that you want to make part of Doctrine? 🎩
---
-
-<!--
-Thank you for submitting new feature!
-Pick the target branch based according to these criteria:
-  * submitting a bugfix: target the lowest active stable branch: 2.9.x
-  * submitting a new feature: target the next minor branch: 2.10.x
-  * submitting a BC-breaking change: target the next major branch: 3.0.x
-->
-
-### New Feature
-
-<!-- Fill in the relevant information below to help triage your issue. -->
-
-|    Q        |   A
-|------------ | ------
-| New Feature | yes
-| RFC         | yes/no
-| BC Break    | yes/no
-
-#### Summary
-
-<!-- Provide a summary of the feature you have implemented. -->
@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
-version: 2
-updates:
-  - package-ecosystem: "github-actions"
-    directory: "/"
-    schedule:
-      interval: "weekly"
-    labels:
-      - "CI"
-    target-branch: "2.20.x"
@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
-name: "Coding Standards"
-
-on:
-  pull_request:
-    branches:
-      - "*.x"
-    paths:
-      - .github/workflows/coding-standards.yml
-      - bin/**
-      - composer.*
-      - src/**
-      - phpcs.xml.dist
-      - tests/**
-  push:
-    branches:
-      - "*.x"
-    paths:
-      - .github/workflows/coding-standards.yml
-      - bin/**
-      - composer.*
-      - src/**
-      - phpcs.xml.dist
-      - tests/**
-
-jobs:
-  coding-standards:
-    uses: "doctrine/.github/.github/workflows/coding-standards.yml@7.2.1"
@@ -1,350 +0,0 @@
-name: "Continuous Integration"
-
-on:
-  pull_request:
-    branches:
-      - "*.x"
-    paths:
-      - .github/workflows/continuous-integration.yml
-      - ci/**
-      - composer.*
-      - src/**
-      - phpunit.xml.dist
-      - tests/**
-  push:
-    branches:
-      - "*.x"
-    paths:
-      - .github/workflows/continuous-integration.yml
-      - ci/**
-      - composer.*
-      - src/**
-      - phpunit.xml.dist
-      - tests/**
-
-env:
-  fail-fast: true
-
-jobs:
-  phpunit-smoke-check:
-    name: "PHPUnit with SQLite"
-    runs-on: "ubuntu-22.04"
-
-    strategy:
-      matrix:
-        php-version:
-          - "8.1"
-          - "8.2"
-          - "8.3"
-          - "8.4"
-        dbal-version:
-          - "default"
-          - "3.7"
-        extension:
-          - "sqlite3"
-          - "pdo_sqlite"
-        deps:
-          - "highest"
-        include:
-          - php-version: "8.2"
-            dbal-version: "4@dev"
-            extension: "pdo_sqlite"
-          - php-version: "8.2"
-            dbal-version: "4@dev"
-            extension: "sqlite3"
-          - php-version: "8.1"
-            dbal-version: "default"
-            deps: "lowest"
-            extension: "pdo_sqlite"
-
-    steps:
-      - name: "Checkout"
-        uses: "actions/checkout@v4"
-        with:
-          fetch-depth: 2
-
-      - name: "Install PHP"
-        uses: "shivammathur/setup-php@v2"
-        with:
-          php-version: "${{ matrix.php-version }}"
-          extensions: "apcu, pdo, ${{ matrix.extension }}"
-          coverage: "pcov"
-          ini-values: "zend.assertions=1, apc.enable_cli=1"
-
-      - name: "Require specific DBAL version"
-        run: "composer require doctrine/dbal ^${{ matrix.dbal-version }} --no-update"
-        if: "${{ matrix.dbal-version != 'default' }}"
-
-      - name: "Install dependencies with Composer"
-        uses: "ramsey/composer-install@v3"
-        with:
-          composer-options: "--ignore-platform-req=php+"
-          dependency-versions: "${{ matrix.deps }}"
-
-      - name: "Run PHPUnit"
-        run: "vendor/bin/phpunit -c ci/github/phpunit/${{ matrix.extension }}.xml --coverage-clover=coverage-no-cache.xml"
-        env:
-            ENABLE_SECOND_LEVEL_CACHE: 0
-
-      - name: "Run PHPUnit with Second Level Cache"
-        run: "vendor/bin/phpunit -c ci/github/phpunit/${{ matrix.extension }}.xml --exclude-group performance,non-cacheable,locking_functional --coverage-clover=coverage-cache.xml"
-        env:
-            ENABLE_SECOND_LEVEL_CACHE: 1
-
-      - name: "Upload coverage file"
-        uses: "actions/upload-artifact@v4"
-        with:
-          name: "phpunit-${{ matrix.extension }}-${{ matrix.php-version }}-${{ matrix.dbal-version }}-${{ matrix.deps }}-coverage"
-          path: "coverage*.xml"
-
-
-  phpunit-postgres:
-    name: "PHPUnit with PostgreSQL"
-    runs-on: "ubuntu-22.04"
-    needs: "phpunit-smoke-check"
-
-    strategy:
-      matrix:
-        php-version:
-          - "8.2"
-          - "8.3"
-          - "8.4"
-        dbal-version:
-          - "default"
-          - "3.7"
-        postgres-version:
-          - "17"
-        extension:
-          - pdo_pgsql
-          - pgsql
-        include:
-          - php-version: "8.2"
-            dbal-version: "4@dev"
-            postgres-version: "14"
-            extension: pdo_pgsql
-          - php-version: "8.2"
-            dbal-version: "3.7"
-            postgres-version: "9.6"
-            extension: pdo_pgsql
-
-    services:
-      postgres:
-        image: "postgres:${{ matrix.postgres-version }}"
-        env:
-          POSTGRES_PASSWORD: "postgres"
-
-        options: >-
-          --health-cmd "pg_isready"
-
-        ports:
-          - "5432:5432"
-
-    steps:
-      - name: "Checkout"
-        uses: "actions/checkout@v4"
-        with:
-          fetch-depth: 2
-
-      - name: "Install PHP"
-        uses: "shivammathur/setup-php@v2"
-        with:
-          php-version: "${{ matrix.php-version }}"
-          extensions: "pgsql pdo_pgsql"
-          coverage: "pcov"
-          ini-values: "zend.assertions=1, apc.enable_cli=1"
-
-      - name: "Require specific DBAL version"
-        run: "composer require doctrine/dbal ^${{ matrix.dbal-version }} --no-update"
-        if: "${{ matrix.dbal-version != 'default' }}"
-
-      - name: "Install dependencies with Composer"
-        uses: "ramsey/composer-install@v3"
-        with:
-          composer-options: "--ignore-platform-req=php+"
-
-      - name: "Run PHPUnit"
-        run: "vendor/bin/phpunit -c ci/github/phpunit/pdo_pgsql.xml --coverage-clover=coverage.xml"
-
-      - name: "Upload coverage file"
-        uses: "actions/upload-artifact@v4"
-        with:
-          name: "${{ github.job }}-${{ matrix.postgres-version }}-${{ matrix.php-version }}-${{ matrix.dbal-version }}-${{ matrix.extension }}-coverage"
-          path: "coverage.xml"
-
-
-  phpunit-mariadb:
-    name: "PHPUnit with MariaDB"
-    runs-on: "ubuntu-22.04"
-    needs: "phpunit-smoke-check"
-
-    strategy:
-      matrix:
-        php-version:
-          - "8.2"
-          - "8.3"
-          - "8.4"
-        dbal-version:
-          - "default"
-          - "3.7"
-          - "4@dev"
-        mariadb-version:
-          - "11.4"
-        extension:
-          - "mysqli"
-          - "pdo_mysql"
-
-    services:
-      mariadb:
-        image: "mariadb:${{ matrix.mariadb-version }}"
-        env:
-          MARIADB_ALLOW_EMPTY_ROOT_PASSWORD: yes
-          MARIADB_DATABASE: "doctrine_tests"
-
-        options: >-
-          --health-cmd "healthcheck.sh --connect --innodb_initialized"
-
-        ports:
-          - "3306:3306"
-
-    steps:
-      - name: "Checkout"
-        uses: "actions/checkout@v4"
-        with:
-          fetch-depth: 2
-
-      - name: "Require specific DBAL version"
-        run: "composer require doctrine/dbal ^${{ matrix.dbal-version }} --no-update"
-        if: "${{ matrix.dbal-version != 'default' }}"
-
-      - name: "Install PHP"
-        uses: "shivammathur/setup-php@v2"
-        with:
-          php-version: "${{ matrix.php-version }}"
-          coverage: "pcov"
-          ini-values: "zend.assertions=1, apc.enable_cli=1"
-          extensions: "${{ matrix.extension }}"
-
-      - name: "Install dependencies with Composer"
-        uses: "ramsey/composer-install@v3"
-        with:
-          composer-options: "--ignore-platform-req=php+"
-
-      - name: "Run PHPUnit"
-        run: "vendor/bin/phpunit -c ci/github/phpunit/${{ matrix.extension }}.xml --coverage-clover=coverage.xml"
-
-      - name: "Upload coverage file"
-        uses: "actions/upload-artifact@v4"
-        with:
-          name: "${{ github.job }}-${{ matrix.mariadb-version }}-${{ matrix.extension }}-${{ matrix.php-version }}-${{ matrix.dbal-version }}-coverage"
-          path: "coverage.xml"
-
-
-  phpunit-mysql:
-    name: "PHPUnit with MySQL"
-    runs-on: "ubuntu-22.04"
-    needs: "phpunit-smoke-check"
-
-    strategy:
-      matrix:
-        php-version:
-          - "8.2"
-          - "8.3"
-          - "8.4"
-        dbal-version:
-          - "default"
-          - "3.7"
-        mysql-version:
-          - "5.7"
-          - "8.0"
-        extension:
-          - "mysqli"
-          - "pdo_mysql"
-        include:
-          - php-version: "8.2"
-            dbal-version: "4@dev"
-            mysql-version: "8.0"
-            extension: "mysqli"
-          - php-version: "8.2"
-            dbal-version: "4@dev"
-            mysql-version: "8.0"
-            extension: "pdo_mysql"
-
-    services:
-      mysql:
-        image: "mysql:${{ matrix.mysql-version }}"
-
-        options: >-
-          --health-cmd "mysqladmin ping --silent"
-          -e MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD=yes
-          -e MYSQL_DATABASE=doctrine_tests
-
-        ports:
-          - "3306:3306"
-
-    steps:
-      - name: "Checkout"
-        uses: "actions/checkout@v4"
-        with:
-          fetch-depth: 2
-
-      - name: "Install PHP"
-        uses: "shivammathur/setup-php@v2"
-        with:
-          php-version: "${{ matrix.php-version }}"
-          coverage: "pcov"
-          ini-values: "zend.assertions=1, apc.enable_cli=1"
-          extensions: "${{ matrix.extension }}"
-
-      - name: "Require specific DBAL version"
-        run: "composer require doctrine/dbal ^${{ matrix.dbal-version }} --no-update"
-        if: "${{ matrix.dbal-version != 'default' }}"
-
-      - name: "Install dependencies with Composer"
-        uses: "ramsey/composer-install@v3"
-        with:
-          composer-options: "--ignore-platform-req=php+"
-
-      - name: "Run PHPUnit"
-        run: "vendor/bin/phpunit -c ci/github/phpunit/${{ matrix.extension }}.xml --coverage-clover=coverage-no-cache.xml"
-        env:
-            ENABLE_SECOND_LEVEL_CACHE: 0
-
-      - name: "Run PHPUnit with Second Level Cache"
-        run: "vendor/bin/phpunit -c ci/github/phpunit/${{ matrix.extension }}.xml --exclude-group performance,non-cacheable,locking_functional --coverage-clover=coverage-no-cache.xml"
-        env:
-            ENABLE_SECOND_LEVEL_CACHE: 1
-
-      - name: "Upload coverage files"
-        uses: "actions/upload-artifact@v4"
-        with:
-          name: "${{ github.job }}-${{ matrix.mysql-version }}-${{ matrix.extension }}-${{ matrix.php-version }}-${{ matrix.dbal-version }}-coverage"
-          path: "coverage*.xml"
-
-  upload_coverage:
-    name: "Upload coverage to Codecov"
-    runs-on: "ubuntu-22.04"
-    # Only run on PRs from forks
-    if: "github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name != github.repository"
-    needs:
-      - "phpunit-smoke-check"
-      - "phpunit-postgres"
-      - "phpunit-mariadb"
-      - "phpunit-mysql"
-
-    steps:
-      - name: "Checkout"
-        uses: "actions/checkout@v4"
-        with:
-          fetch-depth: 2
-
-      - name: "Download coverage files"
-        uses: "actions/download-artifact@v4"
-        with:
-          path: "reports"
-
-      - name: "Upload to Codecov"
-        uses: "codecov/codecov-action@v5"
-        with:
-          directory: reports
-        env:
-          CODECOV_TOKEN: "${{ secrets.CODECOV_TOKEN }}"
@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
-name: "Documentation"
-
-on:
-  pull_request:
-    branches:
-      - "*.x"
-    paths:
-      - ".github/workflows/documentation.yml"
-      - "docs/**"
-  push:
-    branches:
-      - "*.x"
-    paths:
-      - ".github/workflows/documentation.yml"
-      - "docs/**"
-
-jobs:
-  documentation:
-    name: "Documentation"
-    uses: "doctrine/.github/.github/workflows/documentation.yml@7.2.1"
@@ -1,54 +0,0 @@
-
-name: "Performance benchmark"
-
-on:
-  pull_request:
-    branches:
-      - "*.x"
-    paths:
-      - .github/workflows/phpbench.yml
-      - composer.*
-      - src/**
-      - phpbench.json
-      - tests/**
-  push:
-    branches:
-      - "*.x"
-    paths:
-      - .github/workflows/phpbench.yml
-      - composer.*
-      - src/**
-      - phpbench.json
-      - tests/**
-
-env:
-  fail-fast: true
-
-jobs:
-  phpbench:
-    name: "PHPBench"
-    runs-on: "ubuntu-22.04"
-
-    strategy:
-      matrix:
-        php-version:
-          - "8.1"
-
-    steps:
-      - name: "Checkout"
-        uses: "actions/checkout@v4"
-        with:
-          fetch-depth: 2
-
-      - name: "Install PHP"
-        uses: "shivammathur/setup-php@v2"
-        with:
-          php-version: "${{ matrix.php-version }}"
-          coverage: "pcov"
-          ini-values: "zend.assertions=1, apc.enable_cli=1"
-
-      - name: "Install dependencies with Composer"
-        uses: "ramsey/composer-install@v3"
-
-      - name: "Run PHPBench"
-        run: "vendor/bin/phpbench run --report=default"
@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-name: "Automatic Releases"
-
-on:
-  milestone:
-    types:
-      - "closed"
-
-jobs:
-  release:
-    uses: "doctrine/.github/.github/workflows/release-on-milestone-closed.yml@7.2.1"
-    secrets:
-      GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL: ${{ secrets.GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL }}
-      GIT_AUTHOR_NAME: ${{ secrets.GIT_AUTHOR_NAME }}
-      ORGANIZATION_ADMIN_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.ORGANIZATION_ADMIN_TOKEN }}
-      SIGNING_SECRET_KEY: ${{ secrets.SIGNING_SECRET_KEY }}
@@ -1,24 +0,0 @@
-name: 'Close stale pull requests'
-on:
-  schedule:
-    - cron: '0 3 * * *'
-
-jobs:
-  stale:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/stale@v9
-        with:
-          stale-pr-message: >
-            There hasn't been any activity on this pull request in the past 90 days, so
-            it has been marked as stale and it will be closed automatically if no
-            further activity occurs in the next 7 days.
-
-            If you want to continue working on it, please leave a comment.
-
-          close-pr-message: >
-            This pull request was closed due to inactivity.
-
-          days-before-stale:    -1
-          days-before-pr-stale: 90
-          days-before-pr-close: 7
@@ -1,56 +0,0 @@
-name: "Static Analysis"
-
-on:
-  pull_request:
-    branches:
-      - "*.x"
-    paths:
-      - .github/workflows/static-analysis.yml
-      - composer.*
-      - src/**
-      - phpstan*
-      - tests/StaticAnalysis/**
-  push:
-    branches:
-      - "*.x"
-    paths:
-      - .github/workflows/static-analysis.yml
-      - composer.*
-      - src/**
-      - phpstan*
-      - tests/StaticAnalysis/**
-
-jobs:
-  static-analysis-phpstan:
-    name: Static Analysis with PHPStan
-    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
-
-    strategy:
-      matrix:
-        include:
-        - dbal-version: default
-          config: phpstan.neon
-        - dbal-version: 3.8.2
-          config: phpstan-dbal3.neon
-
-    steps:
-      - name: "Checkout code"
-        uses: "actions/checkout@v4"
-
-      - name: Install PHP
-        uses: shivammathur/setup-php@v2
-        with:
-          coverage: none
-          php-version: "8.4"
-          tools: cs2pr
-
-      - name: Require specific DBAL version
-        run: "composer require doctrine/dbal ^${{ matrix.dbal-version }} --no-update"
-        if: "${{ matrix.dbal-version != 'default' }}"
-
-
-      - name: Install dependencies with Composer
-        uses: ramsey/composer-install@v2
-
-      - name: Run static analysis with phpstan/phpstan
-        run: "vendor/bin/phpstan analyse -c ${{ matrix.config }} --error-format=checkstyle | cs2pr"
@@ -1,21 +0,0 @@
-
-name: "Website config validation"
-
-on:
-  pull_request:
-    branches:
-      - "*.x"
-    paths:
-      - ".doctrine-project.json"
-      - ".github/workflows/website-schema.yml"
-  push:
-    branches:
-      - "*.x"
-    paths:
-      - ".doctrine-project.json"
-      - ".github/workflows/website-schema.yml"
-
-jobs:
-  json-validate:
-    name: "Validate JSON schema"
-    uses: "doctrine/.github/.github/workflows/website-schema.yml@7.1.0"
@@ -3,15 +3,12 @@ logs/
 reports/
 dist/
 download/
+lib/api/
+lib/Doctrine/Common
+lib/Doctrine/DBAL
 /.settings/
 .buildpath
 .project
 .idea
-*.iml
 vendor/
-/tests/Doctrine/Performance/history.db
-/.phpcs-cache
 composer.lock
-.phpunit.cache
-.phpunit.result.cache
-/*.phpunit.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+[submodule "docs/en/_theme"]
+    path = docs/en/_theme
+    url = git://github.com/doctrine/doctrine-sphinx-theme.git
+[submodule "lib/vendor/doctrine-build-common"]
+    path = lib/vendor/doctrine-build-common
+    url = git://github.com/doctrine/doctrine-build-common.git
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+language: php
+
+php:
+  - 5.4
+  - 5.5
+  - 5.6
+  - 7.0
+
+env:
+  - DB=mysql
+  - DB=pgsql
+  - DB=sqlite
+
+before_script:
+  - if [[ $TRAVIS_PHP_VERSION = '5.6' && $DB = 'sqlite' ]]; then PHPUNIT_FLAGS="--coverage-clover ./build/logs/clover.xml"; else PHPUNIT_FLAGS=""; fi
+  - if [[ $PHPUNIT_FLAGS == "" ]]; then phpenv config-rm xdebug.ini; fi
+  - composer self-update
+  - composer install --prefer-source --dev
+
+script:
+  - ENABLE_SECOND_LEVEL_CACHE=0 ./vendor/bin/phpunit -v -c tests/travis/$DB.travis.xml $PHPUNIT_FLAGS
+  - ENABLE_SECOND_LEVEL_CACHE=1 ./vendor/bin/phpunit -v -c tests/travis/$DB.travis.xml --exclude-group performance,non-cacheable,locking_functional
+
+matrix:
+  fast_finish: true
+  allow_failures:
+    - php: 7.0
+
+cache:
+  directories:
+    - $HOME/.composer/cache
@@ -6,60 +6,69 @@ Before we can merge your Pull-Request here are some guidelines that you need to
 These guidelines exist not to annoy you, but to keep the code base clean,
 unified and future proof.

-Doctrine has [general contributing guidelines][contributor workflow], make
-sure you follow them.
+## We only accept PRs  to "master"

-[contributor workflow]: https://www.doctrine-project.org/contribute/index.html
+Our branching strategy is "everything to master first", even
+bugfixes and we then merge them into the stable branches. You should only 
+open pull requests against the master branch. Otherwise we cannot accept the PR.
+
+There is one exception to the rule, when we merged a bug into some stable branches
+we do occasionally accept pull requests that merge the same bug fix into earlier
+branches.

 ## Coding Standard

-This project follows [`doctrine/coding-standard`][coding standard homepage].
-You may fix many some of the issues with `vendor/bin/phpcbf`.
+We use PSR-1 and PSR-2:

-[coding standard homepage]: https://github.com/doctrine/coding-standard
+* https://github.com/php-fig/fig-standards/blob/master/accepted/PSR-1-basic-coding-standard.md
+* https://github.com/php-fig/fig-standards/blob/master/accepted/PSR-2-coding-style-guide.md
+
+with some exceptions/differences:
+
+* Keep the nesting of control structures per method as small as possible
+* Align equals (=) signs
+* Add spaces between assignment, control and return statements
+* Prefer early exit over nesting conditions
+* Add spaces around a negation if condition ``if ( ! $cond)``

 ## Unit-Tests

 Please try to add a test for your pull-request.

 * If you want to fix a bug or provide a reproduce case, create a test file in
-  ``tests/Tests/ORM/Functional/Ticket`` with the name of the ticket,
+  ``tests/Doctrine/Tests/ORM/Functional/Ticket`` with the name of the ticket,
  ``DDC1234Test.php`` for example.
 * If you want to contribute new functionality add unit- or functional tests
  depending on the scope of the feature.

-You can run the unit-tests by calling ``vendor/bin/phpunit`` from the root of the project.
+You can run the unit-tests by calling ``phpunit`` from the root of the project.
 It will run all the tests with an in memory SQLite database.

-In order to do that, you will need a fresh copy of the ORM, and you
-will have to run a composer installation in the project:
-
-```sh
-git clone git@github.com:doctrine/orm.git
-cd orm
-composer install
-```
-
-You will also need to enable the PHP extension that provides the SQLite driver
-for PDO: `pdo_sqlite`. How to do so depends on your system, but checking that it
-is enabled can universally be done with `php -m`: that command should list the
-extension.
-
 To run the testsuite against another database, copy the ``phpunit.xml.dist``
 to for example ``mysql.phpunit.xml`` and edit the parameters. You can
-take a look at the ``ci/github/phpunit`` directory for some examples. Then run:
+take a look at the ``tests/travis`` folder for some examples. Then run:

-    vendor/bin/phpunit -c mysql.phpunit.xml
+    phpunit -c mysql.phpunit.xml

-If you do not provide these parameters, the test suite will use an in-memory
-sqlite database.
-
-Tips for creating unit tests:
+Tips for creating unittests:

 1. If you put a test into the `Ticket` namespace as described above, put the testcase and all entities into the same class.
-   See `https://github.com/doctrine/orm/tree/3.0.x/tests/Tests/ORM/Functional/Ticket/DDC2306Test.php` for an
+   See `https://github.com/doctrine/doctrine2/tree/master/tests/Doctrine/Tests/ORM/Functional/Ticket/DDC2306Test.php` for an
   example.

+## Travis
+
+We automatically run your pull request through [Travis CI](http://www.travis-ci.org)
+against SQLite, MySQL and PostgreSQL. If you break the tests, we cannot merge your code,
+so please make sure that your code is working before opening up a Pull-Request.
+
+## DoctrineBot, Tickets and Jira
+
+DoctrineBot will synchronize your Pull-Request into our [Jira](http://www.doctrine-project.org).
+Make sure to add any existing Jira ticket into the Pull-Request Title, for example:
+
+    "[DDC-123] My Pull Request"
+
 ## Getting merged

 Please allow us time to review your pull requests. We will give our best to review
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-Copyright (c) Doctrine Project
+Copyright (c) 2006-2012 Doctrine Project

 Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
 this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+| [Master][Master] | [2.4][2.4] | [2.3][2.3] | [2.2][2.2] | [2.1][2.1] |
+|:----------------:|:----------:|:----------:|:----------:|:----------:|
+| [![Build status][Master image]][Master] | [![Build status][2.4 image]][2.4] | [![Build status][2.3 image]][2.3] | [![Build status][2.2 image]][2.2] | [![Build status][2.1 image]][2.1] |
+| [![Coverage Status][Master coverage image]][Master coverage] |
+
+Doctrine 2 is an object-relational mapper (ORM) for PHP 5.4+ that provides transparent persistence
+for PHP objects. It sits on top of a powerful database abstraction layer (DBAL). One of its key features
+is the option to write database queries in a proprietary object oriented SQL dialect called Doctrine Query Language (DQL),
+inspired by Hibernate's HQL. This provides developers with a powerful alternative to SQL that maintains flexibility
+without requiring unnecessary code duplication.
+
+## More resources:
+
+* [Website](http://www.doctrine-project.org)
+* [Documentation](http://docs.doctrine-project.org/projects/doctrine-orm/en/latest/index.html)
+* [Issue Tracker](http://www.doctrine-project.org/jira/browse/DDC)
+* [Downloads](http://github.com/doctrine/doctrine2/downloads)
+
+  [Master image]: https://travis-ci.org/doctrine/doctrine2.svg?branch=master
+  [Master]: https://travis-ci.org/doctrine/doctrine2
+  [Master coverage image]: https://coveralls.io/repos/doctrine/doctrine2/badge.png?branch=master
+  [Master coverage]: https://coveralls.io/r/doctrine/doctrine2?branch=master
+  [2.4 image]: https://travis-ci.org/doctrine/doctrine2.svg?branch=2.4
+  [2.4]: https://github.com/doctrine/doctrine2/tree/2.4
+  [2.3 image]: https://travis-ci.org/doctrine/doctrine2.svg?branch=2.3
+  [2.3]: https://github.com/doctrine/doctrine2/tree/2.3
+  [2.2 image]: https://travis-ci.org/doctrine/doctrine2.svg?branch=2.2
+  [2.2]: https://github.com/doctrine/doctrine2/tree/2.2
+  [2.1 image]: https://travis-ci.org/doctrine/doctrine2.svg?branch=2.1.x
+  [2.1]: https://github.com/doctrine/doctrine2/tree/2.1.x
@@ -1,38 +0,0 @@
-|                      [4.0.x][4.0]                      |                      [3.4.x][3.4]                      |                      [3.3.x][3.3]                      |                      [2.21.x][2.21]                      |                      [2.20.x][2.20]                      |
-|:------------------------------------------------------:|:------------------------------------------------------:|:------------------------------------------------------:|:--------------------------------------------------------:|:--------------------------------------------------------:|
-|           [![Build status][4.0 image]][4.0]            |           [![Build status][3.4 image]][3.4]            |           [![Build status][3.3 image]][3.3]            |           [![Build status][2.21 image]][2.21]            |           [![Build status][2.20 image]][2.20]            |
-| [![Coverage Status][4.0 coverage image]][4.0 coverage] | [![Coverage Status][3.4 coverage image]][3.4 coverage] | [![Coverage Status][3.3 coverage image]][3.3 coverage] | [![Coverage Status][2.21 coverage image]][2.21 coverage] | [![Coverage Status][2.20 coverage image]][2.20 coverage] |
-
-Doctrine ORM is an object-relational mapper for PHP 8.1+ that provides transparent persistence
-for PHP objects. It sits on top of a powerful database abstraction layer (DBAL). One of its key features
-is the option to write database queries in a proprietary object oriented SQL dialect called Doctrine Query Language (DQL),
-inspired by Hibernate's HQL. This provides developers with a powerful alternative to SQL that maintains flexibility
-without requiring unnecessary code duplication.
-
-
-## More resources:
-
-* [Website](http://www.doctrine-project.org)
-* [Documentation](https://www.doctrine-project.org/projects/doctrine-orm/en/stable/index.html)
-
-
-  [4.0 image]: https://github.com/doctrine/orm/actions/workflows/continuous-integration.yml/badge.svg?branch=4.0.x
-  [4.0]: https://github.com/doctrine/orm/tree/4.0.x
-  [4.0 coverage image]: https://codecov.io/gh/doctrine/orm/branch/4.0.x/graph/badge.svg
-  [4.0 coverage]: https://codecov.io/gh/doctrine/orm/branch/4.0.x
-  [3.4 image]: https://github.com/doctrine/orm/actions/workflows/continuous-integration.yml/badge.svg?branch=3.4.x
-  [3.4]: https://github.com/doctrine/orm/tree/3.4.x
-  [3.4 coverage image]: https://codecov.io/gh/doctrine/orm/branch/3.4.x/graph/badge.svg
-  [3.4 coverage]: https://codecov.io/gh/doctrine/orm/branch/3.4.x
-  [3.3 image]: https://github.com/doctrine/orm/actions/workflows/continuous-integration.yml/badge.svg?branch=3.3.x
-  [3.3]: https://github.com/doctrine/orm/tree/3.3.x
-  [3.3 coverage image]: https://codecov.io/gh/doctrine/orm/branch/3.3.x/graph/badge.svg
-  [3.3 coverage]: https://codecov.io/gh/doctrine/orm/branch/3.3.x
-  [2.21 image]: https://github.com/doctrine/orm/actions/workflows/continuous-integration.yml/badge.svg?branch=2.21.x
-  [2.21]: https://github.com/doctrine/orm/tree/2.21.x
-  [2.21 coverage image]: https://codecov.io/gh/doctrine/orm/branch/2.21.x/graph/badge.svg
-  [2.21 coverage]: https://codecov.io/gh/doctrine/orm/branch/2.21.x
-  [2.20 image]: https://github.com/doctrine/orm/actions/workflows/continuous-integration.yml/badge.svg?branch=2.20.x
-  [2.20]: https://github.com/doctrine/orm/tree/2.20.x
-  [2.20 coverage image]: https://codecov.io/gh/doctrine/orm/branch/2.20.x/graph/badge.svg
-  [2.20 coverage]: https://codecov.io/gh/doctrine/orm/branch/2.20.x
@@ -10,8 +10,9 @@ we cannot protect you from SQL injection.
 Please read the documentation chapter on Security in Doctrine DBAL and ORM to
 understand the assumptions we make.

- [DBAL Security Page](https://www.doctrine-project.org/projects/doctrine-dbal/en/stable/reference/security.html)
- [ORM Security Page](https://www.doctrine-project.org/projects/doctrine-orm/en/stable/reference/security.html)
+- [DBAL Security Page](https://github.com/doctrine/dbal/blob/master/docs/en/reference/security.rst)
+- [ORM Security Page](https://github.com/doctrine/doctrine2/blob/master/docs/en/reference/security.rst)

-If you find a Security bug in Doctrine, please follow our
-[Security reporting guidelines](https://www.doctrine-project.org/policies/security.html#reporting).
+If you find a Security bug in Doctrine, please report it on Jira and change the
+Security Level to "Security Issues". It will be visible to Doctrine Core
+developers and you only.
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env php
+<?php
+
+include('doctrine.php');
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+<?php
+/*
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+ * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+ * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+ * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+ * OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+ * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+ * LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+ * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+ * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+ * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+ * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ *
+ * This software consists of voluntary contributions made by many individuals
+ * and is licensed under the LGPL. For more information, see
+ * <http://www.doctrine-project.org>.
+ */
+
+require_once 'Doctrine/Common/ClassLoader.php';
+
+$classLoader = new \Doctrine\Common\ClassLoader('Doctrine');
+$classLoader->register();
+
+$classLoader = new \Doctrine\Common\ClassLoader('Symfony');
+$classLoader->register();
+
+$configFile = getcwd() . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . 'cli-config.php';
+
+$helperSet = null;
+if (file_exists($configFile)) {
+    if ( ! is_readable($configFile)) {
+        trigger_error(
+            'Configuration file [' . $configFile . '] does not have read permission.', E_ERROR
+        );
+    }
+
+    require $configFile;
+
+    foreach ($GLOBALS as $helperSetCandidate) {
+        if ($helperSetCandidate instanceof \Symfony\Component\Console\Helper\HelperSet) {
+            $helperSet = $helperSetCandidate;
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+$helperSet = ($helperSet) ?: new \Symfony\Component\Console\Helper\HelperSet();
+
+\Doctrine\ORM\Tools\Console\ConsoleRunner::run($helperSet);
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+@echo off
+
+if "%PHPBIN%" == "" set PHPBIN=@php_bin@
+if not exist "%PHPBIN%" if "%PHP_PEAR_PHP_BIN%" neq "" goto USE_PEAR_PATH
+GOTO RUN
+:USE_PEAR_PATH
+set PHPBIN=%PHP_PEAR_PHP_BIN%
+:RUN
+"%PHPBIN%" "@bin_dir@\doctrine" %*
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+<?php
+/*
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+ * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+ * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+ * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+ * OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+ * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+ * LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+ * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+ * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+ * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+ * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ *
+ * This software consists of voluntary contributions made by many individuals
+ * and is licensed under the MIT license. For more information, see
+ * <http://www.doctrine-project.org>.
+ */
+
+use Symfony\Component\Console\Helper\HelperSet;
+use Doctrine\ORM\Tools\Console\ConsoleRunner;
+
+$autoloadFiles = array(__DIR__ . '/../vendor/autoload.php',
+                       __DIR__ . '/../../../autoload.php');
+
+foreach ($autoloadFiles as $autoloadFile) {
+    if (file_exists($autoloadFile)) {
+        require_once $autoloadFile;
+    }
+}
+
+$directories = array(getcwd(), getcwd() . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . 'config');
+
+$configFile = null;
+foreach ($directories as $directory) {
+    $configFile = $directory . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . 'cli-config.php';
+
+    if (file_exists($configFile)) {
+        break;
+    }
+}
+
+if ( ! file_exists($configFile)) {
+    ConsoleRunner::printCliConfigTemplate();
+    exit(1);
+}
+
+if ( ! is_readable($configFile)) {
+    echo 'Configuration file [' . $configFile . '] does not have read permission.' . "\n";
+    exit(1);
+}
+
+$commands = array();
+
+$helperSet = require $configFile;
+
+if ( ! ($helperSet instanceof HelperSet)) {
+    foreach ($GLOBALS as $helperSetCandidate) {
+        if ($helperSetCandidate instanceof HelperSet) {
+            $helperSet = $helperSetCandidate;
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+\Doctrine\ORM\Tools\Console\ConsoleRunner::run($helperSet, $commands);
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# Version class and file
+project.version_class = Doctrine\\ORM\\Version
+project.version_file = lib/Doctrine/ORM/Version.php
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+version=2.0.0BETA2
+dependencies.common=2.0.0BETA4
+dependencies.dbal=2.0.0BETA4
+stability=beta
+build.dir=build
+dist.dir=dist
+report.dir=reports
+log.archive.dir=logs
+project.pirum_dir=
+project.download_dir=
+project.xsd_dir=
+test.phpunit_configuration_file=
+test.phpunit_generate_coverage=0
+test.pmd_reports=0
+test.pdepend_exec=
+test.phpmd_exec=
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+<project name="DoctrineORM" default="build" basedir=".">
+    <property file="build.properties" />
+
+    <target name="php">
+        <exec executable="which" outputproperty="php_executable">
+            <arg value="php" />
+        </exec>
+    </target>
+
+    <target name="prepare">
+        <mkdir dir="build" />
+    </target>
+
+    <target name="build" depends="check-git-checkout-clean,prepare,php,composer">
+        <exec executable="${php_executable}">
+            <arg value="build/composer.phar" />
+            <arg value="archive" />
+            <arg value="--dir=build" />
+        </exec>
+    </target>
+
+    <target name="composer" depends="php,composer-check,composer-download">
+        <exec executable="${php_executable}">
+            <arg value="build/composer.phar" />
+            <arg value="install" />
+        </exec>
+    </target>
+
+    <target name="composer-check" depends="prepare">
+        <available file="build/composer.phar" property="composer.present"/>
+    </target>
+
+    <target name="composer-download" unless="composer.present">
+        <exec executable="wget">
+            <arg value="-Obuild/composer.phar" />
+            <arg value="http://getcomposer.org/composer.phar" />
+        </exec>
+    </target>
+
+    <target name="make-release" depends="check-git-checkout-clean,prepare,php">
+        <replace file="${project.version_file}" token="-DEV" value="" failOnNoReplacements="true" />
+        <exec executable="${php_executable}" outputproperty="doctrine.current_version" failonerror="true">
+            <arg value="-r" />
+            <arg value="require_once '${project.version_file}';echo ${project.version_class}::VERSION;" />
+        </exec>
+        <exec executable="${php_executable}" outputproperty="doctrine.next_version" failonerror="true">
+            <arg value="-r" />
+            <arg value="$parts = explode('.', str_ireplace(array('-DEV', '-ALPHA', '-BETA'), '', '${doctrine.current_version}'));
+                if (count($parts) != 3) {
+                    throw new \InvalidArgumentException('Version is assumed in format x.y.z, ${doctrine.current_version} given');
+                }
+                $parts[2]++;
+                echo implode('.', $parts);
+            " />
+        </exec>
+
+        <git-commit file="${project.version_file}" message="Release ${doctrine.current_version}" />
+        <git-tag version="${doctrine.current_version}" />
+        <replace file="${project.version_file}" token="${doctrine.current_version}" value="${doctrine.next_version}-DEV" />
+        <git-commit file="${project.version_file}" message="Bump version to ${doctrine.next_version}" />
+    </target>
+
+    <target name="check-git-checkout-clean">
+        <exec executable="git" failonerror="true">
+            <arg value="diff-index" />
+            <arg value="--quiet" />
+            <arg value="HEAD" />
+        </exec>
+    </target>
+
+    <macrodef name="git-commit">
+        <attribute name="file" default="NOT SET"/>
+        <attribute name="message" default="NOT SET"/>
+
+        <sequential>
+            <exec executable="git">
+                <arg value="add" />
+                <arg value="@{file}" />
+            </exec>
+            <exec executable="git">
+                <arg value="commit" />
+                <arg value="-m" />
+                <arg value="@{message}" />
+            </exec>
+        </sequential>
+    </macrodef>
+
+    <macrodef name="git-tag">
+        <attribute name="version" default="NOT SET" />
+
+        <sequential>
+            <exec executable="git">
+                <arg value="tag" />
+                <arg value="-m" />
+                <arg value="v@{version}" />
+                <arg value="v@{version}" />
+            </exec>
+        </sequential>
+    </macrodef>
+</project>
@@ -1,42 +0,0 @@
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
-<phpunit xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
-         xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="../../../vendor/phpunit/phpunit/phpunit.xsd"
-         colors="true"
-         beStrictAboutOutputDuringTests="true"
-         failOnRisky="true"
-         cacheDirectory=".phpunit.cache"
->
-    <php>
-        <ini name="error_reporting" value="-1" />
-        <var name="db_driver" value="mysqli"/>
-        <var name="db_host" value="127.0.0.1" />
-        <var name="db_port" value="3306"/>
-        <var name="db_user" value="root" />
-        <var name="db_dbname" value="doctrine_tests" />
-        <var name="db_default_table_option_charset" value="utf8mb4" />
-        <var name="db_default_table_option_collation" value="utf8mb4_unicode_ci" />
-        <var name="db_default_table_option_engine" value="InnoDB" />
-
-        <!-- necessary change for some CLI/console output test assertions -->
-        <env name="COLUMNS" value="120"/>
-    </php>
-
-    <testsuites>
-        <testsuite name="Doctrine DBAL Test Suite">
-            <directory>../../../tests</directory>
-        </testsuite>
-    </testsuites>
-
-    <source>
-        <include>
-            <directory suffix=".php">../../../src</directory>
-        </include>
-    </source>
-
-    <groups>
-        <exclude>
-            <group>performance</group>
-            <group>locking_functional</group>
-        </exclude>
-    </groups>
-</phpunit>
@@ -1,42 +0,0 @@
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
-<phpunit xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
-         xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="../../../vendor/phpunit/phpunit/phpunit.xsd"
-         colors="true"
-         beStrictAboutOutputDuringTests="true"
-         failOnRisky="true"
-         cacheDirectory=".phpunit.cache"
->
-    <php>
-        <ini name="error_reporting" value="-1" />
-        <var name="db_driver" value="pdo_mysql"/>
-        <var name="db_host" value="127.0.0.1" />
-        <var name="db_port" value="3306"/>
-        <var name="db_user" value="root" />
-        <var name="db_dbname" value="doctrine_tests" />
-        <var name="db_default_table_option_charset" value="utf8mb4" />
-        <var name="db_default_table_option_collation" value="utf8mb4_unicode_ci" />
-        <var name="db_default_table_option_engine" value="InnoDB" />
-
-        <!-- necessary change for some CLI/console output test assertions -->
-        <env name="COLUMNS" value="120"/>
-    </php>
-
-    <testsuites>
-        <testsuite name="Doctrine DBAL Test Suite">
-            <directory>../../../tests</directory>
-        </testsuite>
-    </testsuites>
-
-    <source>
-        <include>
-            <directory suffix=".php">../../../src</directory>
-        </include>
-    </source>
-
-    <groups>
-        <exclude>
-            <group>performance</group>
-            <group>locking_functional</group>
-        </exclude>
-    </groups>
-</phpunit>
@@ -1,39 +0,0 @@
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
-<phpunit xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
-         xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="../../../vendor/phpunit/phpunit/phpunit.xsd"
-         colors="true"
-         beStrictAboutOutputDuringTests="true"
-         failOnRisky="true"
-         cacheDirectory=".phpunit.cache"
->
-    <php>
-        <ini name="error_reporting" value="-1" />
-        <var name="db_driver" value="pdo_pgsql"/>
-        <var name="db_host" value="localhost" />
-        <var name="db_user" value="postgres" />
-        <var name="db_password" value="postgres" />
-        <var name="db_dbname" value="doctrine_tests" />
-
-        <!-- necessary change for some CLI/console output test assertions -->
-        <env name="COLUMNS" value="120"/>
-    </php>
-
-    <testsuites>
-        <testsuite name="Doctrine DBAL Test Suite">
-            <directory>../../../tests</directory>
-        </testsuite>
-    </testsuites>
-
-    <source>
-        <include>
-            <directory suffix=".php">../../../src</directory>
-        </include>
-    </source>
-
-    <groups>
-        <exclude>
-            <group>performance</group>
-            <group>locking_functional</group>
-        </exclude>
-    </groups>
-</phpunit>
@@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
-<phpunit xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
-         xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="../../../vendor/phpunit/phpunit/phpunit.xsd"
-         colors="true"
-         beStrictAboutOutputDuringTests="true"
-         failOnRisky="true"
-         cacheDirectory=".phpunit.cache"
->
-    <php>
-        <ini name="error_reporting" value="-1" />
-        <!-- use an in-memory sqlite database -->
-        <var name="db_driver" value="pdo_sqlite"/>
-        <var name="db_memory" value="true"/>
-
-        <!-- necessary change for some CLI/console output test assertions -->
-        <env name="COLUMNS" value="120"/>
-    </php>
-
-    <testsuites>
-        <testsuite name="Doctrine DBAL Test Suite">
-            <directory>../../../tests</directory>
-        </testsuite>
-    </testsuites>
-
-    <source>
-        <include>
-            <directory suffix=".php">../../../src</directory>
-        </include>
-    </source>
-
-    <groups>
-        <exclude>
-            <group>performance</group>
-            <group>locking_functional</group>
-        </exclude>
-    </groups>
-</phpunit>
@@ -1,39 +0,0 @@
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
-<phpunit xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
-         xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="../../../vendor/phpunit/phpunit/phpunit.xsd"
-         colors="true"
-         beStrictAboutOutputDuringTests="true"
-         failOnRisky="true"
-         cacheDirectory=".phpunit.cache"
->
-    <php>
-        <ini name="error_reporting" value="-1" />
-        <var name="db_driver" value="pgsql"/>
-        <var name="db_host" value="localhost" />
-        <var name="db_user" value="postgres" />
-        <var name="db_password" value="postgres" />
-        <var name="db_dbname" value="doctrine_tests" />
-
-        <!-- necessary change for some CLI/console output test assertions -->
-        <env name="COLUMNS" value="120"/>
-    </php>
-
-    <testsuites>
-        <testsuite name="Doctrine DBAL Test Suite">
-            <directory>../../../tests</directory>
-        </testsuite>
-    </testsuites>
-
-    <source>
-        <include>
-            <directory suffix=".php">../../../src</directory>
-        </include>
-    </source>
-
-    <groups>
-        <exclude>
-            <group>performance</group>
-            <group>locking_functional</group>
-        </exclude>
-    </groups>
-</phpunit>
@@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
-<phpunit xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
-         xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="../../../vendor/phpunit/phpunit/phpunit.xsd"
-         colors="true"
-         beStrictAboutOutputDuringTests="true"
-         failOnRisky="true"
-         cacheDirectory=".phpunit.cache"
->
-    <php>
-        <ini name="error_reporting" value="-1" />
-        <!-- use an in-memory sqlite database -->
-        <var name="db_driver" value="sqlite3"/>
-        <var name="db_memory" value="true"/>
-
-        <!-- necessary change for some CLI/console output test assertions -->
-        <env name="COLUMNS" value="120"/>
-    </php>
-
-    <testsuites>
-        <testsuite name="Doctrine DBAL Test Suite">
-            <directory>../../../tests</directory>
-        </testsuite>
-    </testsuites>
-
-    <source>
-        <include>
-            <directory suffix=".php">../../../src</directory>
-        </include>
-    </source>
-
-    <groups>
-        <exclude>
-            <group>performance</group>
-            <group>locking_functional</group>
-        </exclude>
-    </groups>
-</phpunit>
@@ -3,66 +3,45 @@
    "type": "library",
    "description": "Object-Relational-Mapper for PHP",
    "keywords": ["orm", "database"],
-    "homepage": "https://www.doctrine-project.org/projects/orm.html",
+    "homepage": "http://www.doctrine-project.org",
    "license": "MIT",
    "authors": [
        {"name": "Guilherme Blanco", "email": "guilhermeblanco@gmail.com"},
        {"name": "Roman Borschel", "email": "roman@code-factory.org"},
        {"name": "Benjamin Eberlei", "email": "kontakt@beberlei.de"},
-        {"name": "Jonathan Wage", "email": "jonwage@gmail.com"},
-        {"name": "Marco Pivetta", "email": "ocramius@gmail.com"}
+        {"name": "Jonathan Wage", "email": "jonwage@gmail.com"}
    ],
-    "config": {
-        "allow-plugins": {
-            "composer/package-versions-deprecated": true,
-            "dealerdirect/phpcodesniffer-composer-installer": true,
-            "phpstan/extension-installer": true
-        },
-        "sort-packages": true
-    },
+    "minimum-stability": "dev",
    "require": {
-        "php": "^8.1",
-        "composer-runtime-api": "^2",
-        "ext-ctype": "*",
-        "doctrine/collections": "^2.2",
-        "doctrine/dbal": "^3.8.2 || ^4",
-        "doctrine/deprecations": "^0.5.3 || ^1",
-        "doctrine/event-manager": "^1.2 || ^2",
-        "doctrine/inflector": "^1.4 || ^2.0",
-        "doctrine/instantiator": "^1.3 || ^2",
-        "doctrine/lexer": "^3",
-        "doctrine/persistence": "^3.3.1 || ^4",
-        "psr/cache": "^1 || ^2 || ^3",
-        "symfony/console": "^5.4 || ^6.0 || ^7.0",
-        "symfony/var-exporter": "^6.3.9 || ^7.0"
+        "php": ">=5.4",
+        "ext-pdo": "*",
+        "doctrine/collections": "~1.2",
+        "doctrine/dbal": ">=2.5-dev,<2.7-dev",
+        "doctrine/instantiator": "~1.0.1",
+        "doctrine/common": ">=2.5-dev,<2.9-dev",
+        "doctrine/cache": "~1.4",
+        "symfony/console": "~2.5|~3.0"
    },
    "require-dev": {
-        "doctrine/coding-standard": "^12.0",
-        "phpbench/phpbench": "^1.0",
-        "phpdocumentor/guides-cli": "^1.4",
-        "phpstan/extension-installer": "^1.4",
-        "phpstan/phpstan": "2.0.3",
-        "phpstan/phpstan-deprecation-rules": "^2",
-        "phpunit/phpunit": "^10.4.0",
-        "psr/log": "^1 || ^2 || ^3",
-        "squizlabs/php_codesniffer": "3.7.2",
-        "symfony/cache": "^5.4 || ^6.2 || ^7.0"
+        "symfony/yaml": "~2.3|~3.0",
+        "phpunit/phpunit": "~4.0"
    },
    "suggest": {
-        "ext-dom": "Provides support for XSD validation for XML mapping files",
-        "symfony/cache": "Provides cache support for Setup Tool with doctrine/cache 2.0"
+        "symfony/yaml": "If you want to use YAML Metadata Mapping Driver"
    },
    "autoload": {
-        "psr-4": { "Doctrine\\ORM\\": "src" }
+        "psr-0": { "Doctrine\\ORM\\": "lib/" }
    },
    "autoload-dev": {
-        "psr-4": {
-            "Doctrine\\Tests\\": "tests/Tests",
-            "Doctrine\\StaticAnalysis\\": "tests/StaticAnalysis",
-            "Doctrine\\Performance\\": "tests/Performance"
+        "psr-0": { "Doctrine\\Tests\\": "tests/" }
+    },
+    "bin": ["bin/doctrine", "bin/doctrine.php"],
+    "extra": {
+        "branch-alias": {
+            "dev-master": "2.6.x-dev"
        }
    },
    "archive": {
-        "exclude": ["!vendor", "tests", "*phpunit.xml", "build.xml", "build.properties", "composer.phar", "vendor/satooshi", "lib/vendor", "*.swp"]
+        "exclude": ["!vendor", "tests", "*phpunit.xml", ".travis.yml", "build.xml", "build.properties", "composer.phar", "vendor/satooshi", "lib/vendor", "*.swp", "*coveralls.yml"]
    }
 }
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+en/_exts/configurationblock.pyc
+build
+en/_build
+.idea
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+[submodule "en/_theme"]
+	path = en/_theme
+	url = https://github.com/doctrine/doctrine-sphinx-theme.git
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-The Doctrine ORM documentation is licensed under [CC BY-NC-SA 3.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/deed.en_US)
+The Doctrine2 documentation is licensed under [CC BY-NC-SA 3.0](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/deed.en_US)

 Creative Commons Legal Code

@@ -359,4 +359,5 @@ Creative Commons Notice
    available upon request from time to time. For the avoidance of doubt,
    this trademark restriction does not form part of this License.

-    Creative Commons may be contacted at https://creativecommons.org/.
+    Creative Commons may be contacted at http://creativecommons.org/.
+   
@@ -1,18 +1,8 @@
 # Doctrine ORM Documentation

-## How to Generate:
-Using Ubuntu 14.04 LTS:
+## How to Generate

 1. Run ./bin/install-dependencies.sh
 2. Run ./bin/generate-docs.sh

-It will generate the documentation into the build directory of the checkout.
-
-
-## Theme issues
-
-If you get a "Theme error", check if the `en/_theme` subdirectory is empty,
-in which case you will need to run:
-
-1. git submodule init
-2. git submodule update
+It will generate the documentation into the build directory of the checkout.
@@ -7,4 +7,4 @@ rm build -Rf
 sphinx-build en build

 sphinx-build -b latex en build/pdf
-rubber --into build/pdf --pdf build/pdf/Doctrine2ORM.tex
+rubber --into build/pdf --pdf build/pdf/Doctrine2ORM.tex
@@ -1,2 +1,4 @@
 #!/bin/bash
-sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -y python2.7 python-sphinx python-pygments
+sudo apt-get install python25 python25-dev texlive-full rubber
+sudo easy_install pygments
+sudo easy_install sphinx
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+#Copyright (c) 2010 Fabien Potencier
+#
+#Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+#of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+#in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+#to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+#copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished
+#to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+#
+#The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+#copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+#
+#THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+#IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+#FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+#AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+#LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+#OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
+#THE SOFTWARE.
+
+from docutils.parsers.rst import Directive, directives
+from docutils import nodes
+from string import upper
+
+class configurationblock(nodes.General, nodes.Element):
+    pass
+
+class ConfigurationBlock(Directive):
+    has_content = True
+    required_arguments = 0
+    optional_arguments = 0
+    final_argument_whitespace = True
+    option_spec = {}
+    formats = {
+        'html':            'HTML',
+        'xml':             'XML',
+        'php':             'PHP',
+        'yaml':            'YAML',
+        'jinja':           'Twig',
+        'html+jinja':      'Twig',
+        'jinja+html':      'Twig',
+        'php+html':        'PHP',
+        'html+php':        'PHP',
+        'ini':             'INI',
+        'php-annotations': 'Annotations',
+    }
+
+    def run(self):
+        env = self.state.document.settings.env
+
+        node = nodes.Element()
+        node.document = self.state.document
+        self.state.nested_parse(self.content, self.content_offset, node)
+
+        entries = []
+        for i, child in enumerate(node):
+            if isinstance(child, nodes.literal_block):
+                # add a title (the language name) before each block
+                #targetid = "configuration-block-%d" % env.new_serialno('configuration-block')
+                #targetnode = nodes.target('', '', ids=[targetid])
+                #targetnode.append(child)
+
+                innernode = nodes.emphasis(self.formats[child['language']], self.formats[child['language']])
+
+                para = nodes.paragraph()
+                para += [innernode, child]
+
+                entry = nodes.list_item('')
+                entry.append(para)
+                entries.append(entry)
+
+        resultnode = configurationblock()
+        resultnode.append(nodes.bullet_list('', *entries))
+
+        return [resultnode]
+
+def visit_configurationblock_html(self, node):
+    self.body.append(self.starttag(node, 'div', CLASS='configuration-block'))
+
+def depart_configurationblock_html(self, node):
+    self.body.append('</div>\n')
+
+def visit_configurationblock_latex(self, node):
+    pass
+
+def depart_configurationblock_latex(self, node):
+    pass
+
+def setup(app):
+    app.add_node(configurationblock,
+                 html=(visit_configurationblock_html, depart_configurationblock_html),
+                 latex=(visit_configurationblock_latex, depart_configurationblock_latex))
+    app.add_directive('configuration-block', ConfigurationBlock)
@@ -0,0 +1,710 @@
+What is new in Doctrine ORM 2.5?
+================================
+
+This document describes changes between Doctrine ORM 2.4 and 2.5 (currently in
+Beta). It contains a description of all the new features and sections
+about behavioral changes and potential backwards compatibility breaks.
+Please review this document carefully when updating to Doctrine 2.5.
+
+First note, that with the ORM 2.5 release we are dropping support
+for PHP 5.3. We are enforcing this with Composer, servers without
+at least PHP 5.4 will not allow installing Doctrine 2.5.
+
+New Features and Improvements
+-----------------------------
+
+Events: PostLoad now triggered after associations are loaded
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Before Doctrine 2.5 if you had an entity with a ``@PostLoad`` event
+defined then Doctrine would trigger listeners after the fields were
+loaded, but before assocations are available.
+
+- `DDC-54 <http://doctrine-project.org/jira/browse/DDC-54>`_
+- `Commit <https://github.com/doctrine/doctrine2/commit/a906295c65f1516737458fbee2f6fa96254f27a5>`_
+
+Events: Add API to programatically add event listeners to Entity
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+When developing third party libraries or decoupled applications
+it can be interesting to develop an entity listener without knowing
+the entities that require this listener.
+
+You can now attach entity listeners to entities using the
+``AttachEntityListenersListener`` class, which is listening to the
+``loadMetadata`` event that is fired once for every entity during
+metadata generation:
+
+.. code-block:: php
+
+    <?php
+    use Doctrine\ORM\Tools\AttachEntityListenersListener;
+    use Doctrine\ORM\Events;
+
+    $listener = new AttachEntityListenersListener();
+    $listener->addEntityListener(
+        'MyProject\Entity\User', 'MyProject\Listener\TimestampableListener',
+        Events::prePersist, 'onPrePersist'
+    );
+
+    $evm->addEventListener(Events::loadClassMetadata, $listener);
+
+    class TimestampableListener
+    {
+        public function onPrePersist($event)
+        {
+            $entity = $event->getEntity();
+            $entity->setCreated(new \DateTime('now'));
+        }
+    }
+
+Embeddedable Objects
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Doctrine now supports creating multiple PHP objects from one database table
+implementing a feature called "Embeddedable Objects". Next to an ``@Entity``
+class you can now define a class that is embeddable into a database table of an
+entity using the ``@Embeddable`` annotation. Embeddable objects can never be
+saved, updated or deleted on their own, only as part of an entity (called
+"root-entity" or "aggregate"). Consequently embeddables don't have a primary
+key, they are identified only by their values.
+
+Example of defining and using embeddables classes:
+
+.. code-block:: php
+
+    <?php
+
+    /** @Entity */
+    class Product
+    {
+        /** @Id @Column(type="integer") @GeneratedValue */
+        private $id;
+
+        /** @Embedded(class = "Money") */
+        private $price;
+    }
+
+    /** @Embeddable */
+    class Money
+    {
+        /** @Column(type = "decimal") */
+        private $value;
+
+        /** @Column(type = "string") */
+        private $currency = 'EUR';
+    }
+
+You can read more on the features of Embeddables objects `in the documentation
+<http://docs.doctrine-project.org/en/latest/tutorials/embeddables.html>`_.
+
+This feature was developed by external contributor `Johannes Schmitt
+<https://twitter.com/schmittjoh>`_
+
+- `DDC-93 <http://doctrine-project.org/jira/browse/DDC-93>`_
+- `Pull Request <https://github.com/doctrine/doctrine2/pull/835>`_
+
+Second-Level-Cache
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Since version 2.0 of Doctrine, fetching the same object twice by primary key
+would result in just one query. This was achieved by the identity map pattern
+(first-level-cache) that kept entities in memory. 
+
+The newly introduced second-level-cache works a bit differently. Instead
+of saving objects in memory, it saves them in a fast in-memory cache such
+as Memcache, Redis, Riak or MongoDB. Additionally it allows saving the result
+of more complex queries than by primary key. Summarized this feature works
+like the existing Query result cache, but it is much more powerful.
+
+As an example lets cache an entity Country that is a relation to the User
+entity. We always want to display the country, but avoid the additional
+query to this table.
+
+.. code-block:: php
+
+    <?php
+    /**
+     * @Entity
+     * @Cache(usage="READ_ONLY", region="country_region")
+     */
+    class Country
+    {
+        /**
+         * @Id
+         * @GeneratedValue
+         * @Column(type="integer")
+         */
+        protected $id;
+
+        /**
+         * @Column(unique=true)
+         */
+        protected $name;
+    }
+
+In this example we have specified a caching region name called
+``country_region``, which we have to configure now on the EntityManager:
+
+.. code-block:: php
+
+    $config = new \Doctrine\ORM\Configuration();
+    $config->setSecondLevelCacheEnabled();
+
+    $cacheConfig  =  $config->getSecondLevelCacheConfiguration();
+    $regionConfig =  $cacheConfig->getRegionsConfiguration();
+    $regionConfig->setLifetime('country_region', 3600); 
+
+Now Doctrine will first check for the data of any country in the cache
+instead of the database.
+
+- `Documentation
+  <http://docs.doctrine-project.org/en/latest/reference/second-level-cache.html>`_
+- `Pull Request <https://github.com/doctrine/doctrine2/pull/808>`_
+
+Criteria API: Support for ManyToMany assocations
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+We introduced support for querying collections using the `Criteria API
+<http://docs.doctrine-project.org/en/latest/reference/working-with-associations.html#filtering-collections>`_
+in 2.4. This only worked efficently for One-To-Many assocations, not for
+Many-To-Many. With the start of 2.5 also Many-To-Many associations get queried
+instead of loading them into memory.
+
+Criteria API: Add new contains() expression
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+It is now possible to use the Criteria API to check for string contains needle
+using ``contains()``. This translates to using a ``column LIKE '%needle%'`` SQL
+condition.
+
+.. code-block:: php
+
+    <?php
+    use \Doctrine\Common\Collections\Criteria;
+
+    $criteria = Criteria::create()
+        ->where(Criteria::expr()->contains('name', 'Benjamin'));
+
+    $users = $repository->matching($criteria);
+
+Criteria API: Support for EXTRA_LAZY
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+A collection that is marked as ``fetch="EXTRA_LAZY"`` will now return another
+lazy collection when using ``Collection::matching($criteria)``:
+
+.. code-block:: php
+
+    <?php
+
+    class Post
+    {
+        /** @OneToMany(targetEntity="Comment", fetch="EXTRA_LAZY") */
+        private $comments;
+    }
+
+    $criteria = Criteria::create()
+        ->where(Criteria->expr()->eq("published", 1));
+
+    $publishedComments = $post->getComments()->matching($criteria);
+
+    echo count($publishedComments);
+
+The lazy criteria currently supports the ``count()`` and ``contains()``
+functionality lazily. All other operations of the ``Collection`` interface
+trigger a full load of the collection.
+
+This feature was contributed by `Michaël Gallego <https://github.com/bakura10>`_.
+
+- `Pull Request #1 <https://github.com/doctrine/doctrine2/pull/882>`_
+- `Pull Request #2 <https://github.com/doctrine/doctrine2/pull/1032>`_
+
+Mapping: Allow configuring Index flags
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+It is now possible to control the index flags in the DBAL
+schema abstraction from the ORM using metadata. This was possible
+only with a schema event listener before.
+
+.. code-block:: php
+
+    <?php
+
+    /**
+     * @Table(name="product", indexes={@Index(columns={"description"},flags={"fulltext"})})
+     */
+    class Product
+    {
+        private $description;
+    }
+
+This feature was contributed by `Adrian Olek <https://github.com/adrianolek>`_.
+
+- `Pull Request <https://github.com/doctrine/doctrine2/pull/973>`_
+
+SQLFilter API: Check if a parameter is set
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+You can now check in your SQLFilter if a parameter was set. This allows
+to more easily control which features of a filter to enable or disable.
+
+Extending on the locale example of the documentation:
+
+.. code-block:: php
+
+    <?php
+    class MyLocaleFilter extends SQLFilter
+    {
+        public function addFilterConstraint(ClassMetadata $targetEntity, $targetTableAlias)
+        {
+            if (!$targetEntity->reflClass->implementsInterface('LocaleAware')) {
+                return "";
+            }
+
+            if (!$this->hasParameter('locale')) {
+                return "";
+            }
+
+            return $targetTableAlias.'.locale = ' . $this->getParameter('locale');
+        }
+    }
+
+This feature was contributed by `Miroslav Demovic <https://github.com/mdemo>`_
+
+- `Pull Request <https://github.com/doctrine/doctrine2/pull/963>`_
+
+
+EXTRA_LAZY Improvements
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+1. Efficient query when using EXTRA_LAZY and containsKey
+
+    When calling ``Collection::containsKey($key)`` on one-to-many and many-to-many
+    collections using ``indexBy`` and ``EXTRA_LAZY`` a query is now executed to check
+    for the existance for the item. Prevoiusly this operation was performed in memory
+    by loading all entities of the collection.
+
+    .. code-block:: php
+
+        <?php
+
+        class User
+        {
+            /** @OneToMany(targetEntity="Group", indexBy="id") */
+            private $groups;
+        }
+
+        if ($user->getGroups()->containsKey($groupId)) {
+            echo "User is in group $groupId\n";
+        }
+
+    This feature was contributed by `Asmir Mustafic <https://github.com/goetas>`_
+
+    - `Pull Request <https://github.com/doctrine/doctrine2/pull/937>`_
+
+2. Add EXTRA_LAZY Support for get() for owning and inverse many-to-many 
+
+   This was contributed by `Sander Marechal <https://github.com/sandermarechal>`_.
+
+Improve efficiency of One-To-Many EAGER
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+When marking a one-to-many association with ``fetch="EAGER"`` it will now
+execute one query less than before and work correctly in combination with
+``indexBy``.
+
+Better support for EntityManagerInterface
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Many of the locations where previously only the ``Doctrine\ORM\EntityManager``
+was allowed are now changed to accept the ``EntityManagerInterface`` that was
+introduced in 2.4. This allows you to more easily use the decorator pattern
+to extend the EntityManager if you need. It's still not replaced everywhere,
+so you still have to be careful.
+
+DQL Improvements
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+1. It is now possible to add functions to the ``ORDER BY`` clause in DQL statements:
+
+.. code-block:: php
+
+    <?php
+    $dql = "SELECT u FROM User u ORDER BY CONCAT(u.username, u.name)";
+
+2. Support for functions in ``IS NULL`` expressions:
+
+.. code-block:: php
+
+    <?php
+    $dql = "SELECT u.name FROM User u WHERE MAX(u.name) IS NULL";
+
+3. A ``LIKE`` expression is now suported in ``HAVING`` clause.
+
+4. Subselects are now supported inside a ``NEW()`` expression:
+
+.. code-block:: php
+
+    <?php
+    $dql = "SELECT new UserDTO(u.name, SELECT count(g.id) FROM Group g WHERE g.id = u.id) FROM User u";
+
+5. ``MEMBER OF`` expression now allows to filter for more than one result:
+
+.. code-block:: php
+
+   <?php
+   $dql = "SELECT u FROM User u WHERE :groups MEMBER OF u.groups";
+   $query = $entityManager->createQuery($dql);
+   $query->setParameter('groups', array(1, 2, 3));
+
+   $users = $query->getResult();
+
+6. Expressions inside ``COUNT()`` now allowed
+
+.. code-block:: php
+
+    <?php
+    $dql = "SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT CONCAT(u.name, u.lastname)) FROM User u";
+
+7. Add support for ``HOUR`` in ``DATE_ADD()``/``DATE_SUB()`` functions
+
+Custom DQL Functions: Add support for factories
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Previously custom DQL functions could only be provided with their
+full-qualified class-name, preventing runtime configuration through
+dependency injection.
+
+A simplistic approach has been contributed by `Matthieu Napoli
+<https://github.com/mnapoli>`_ to pass a callback instead that resolves
+the function:
+
+.. code-block:: php
+
+    <?php
+
+    $config = new \Doctrine\ORM\Configuration();
+
+    $config->addCustomNumericFunction(
+        'IS_PUBLISHED', function($funcName) use ($currentSiteId) {
+            return new IsPublishedFunction($currentSiteId);
+         }
+    );
+
+Query API: WHERE IN Query using a Collection as parameter
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+When performing a ``WHERE IN`` query for a collection of entities you can
+now pass the array collection of entities as a parameter value to the query
+object:
+
+.. code-block:: php
+
+    <?php
+
+    $categories = $rootCategory->getChildren();
+
+    $queryBuilder
+        ->select('p')
+        ->from('Product', 'p')
+        ->where('p.category IN (:categories)')
+        ->setParameter('categories', $categories)
+    ;
+
+This feature was contributed by `Michael Perrin
+<https://github.com/michaelperrin>`_.
+
+- `Pull Request <https://github.com/doctrine/doctrine2/pull/590>`_
+- `DDC-2319 <http://doctrine-project.org/jira/browse/DDC-2319>`_
+
+Query API: Add suport for default Query Hints
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+To configure multiple different features such as custom AST Walker, fetch modes,
+locking and other features affecting DQL generation we have had a feature
+called "query hints" since version 2.0. 
+
+It is now possible to add query hints that are always enabled for every Query:
+
+.. code-block:: php
+
+    <?php
+
+    $config = new \Doctrine\ORM\Configuration();
+    $config->setDefaultQueryHints(
+        'doctrine.customOutputWalker' => 'MyProject\CustomOutputWalker'
+    );
+
+This feature was contributed by `Artur Eshenbrener
+<https://github.com/Strate>`_.
+
+- `Pull Request <https://github.com/doctrine/doctrine2/pull/863>`_
+
+ResultSetMappingBuilder: Add support for Single-Table Inheritance
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Before 2.5 the ResultSetMappingBuilder did not work with entities
+that are using Single-Table-Inheritance. This restriction was lifted
+by adding the missing support.
+
+YAML Mapping: Many-To-Many doesnt require join column definition
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+In Annotations and XML it was not necessary using conventions for naming
+the many-to-many join column names, in YAML it was not possible however.
+
+A many-to-many definition in YAML is now possible using this minimal
+definition:
+
+.. code-block:: yaml
+
+    manyToMany:
+        groups:
+            targetEntity: Group
+            joinTable:
+                name: users_groups
+
+Schema Validator Command: Allow to skip sub-checks
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+The Schema Validator command executes two independent checks
+for validity of the mappings and if the schema is synchronized
+correctly. It is now possible to skip any of the two steps
+when executing the command:
+
+::
+
+    $ php vendor/bin/doctrine orm:validate-schema --skip-mapping
+    $ php vendor/bin/doctrine orm:validate-schema --skip-sync
+
+This allows you to write more specialized continuous integration and automation
+checks. When no changes are found the command returns the exit code 0
+and 1, 2 or 3 when failing because of mapping, sync or both.
+
+EntityGenerator Command: Avoid backups
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+When calling the EntityGenerator for an existing entity, Doctrine would
+create a backup file every time to avoid loosing changes to the code.
+You can now skip generating the backup file by passing the ``--no-backup``
+flag:
+
+::
+
+    $ php vendor/bin/doctrine orm:generate-entities src/ --no-backup
+
+Support for Objects as Identifiers
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+It is now possible to use Objects as identifiers for Entities
+as long as they implement the magic method ``__toString()``.
+
+.. code-block:: php
+
+    <?php
+
+    class UserId
+    {
+        private $value;
+
+        public function __construct($value)
+        {
+            $this->value = $value;
+        }
+
+        public function __toString()
+        {
+            return (string)$this->value;
+        }
+    }
+
+    class User
+    {
+        /** @Id @Column(type="userid") */
+        private $id;
+
+        public function __construct(UserId $id)
+        {
+            $this->id = $id;
+        }
+    }
+
+    class UserIdType extends \Doctrine\DBAL\Types\Type
+    {
+        // ...
+    }
+
+    Doctrine\DBAL\Types\Type::addType('userid', 'MyProject\UserIdType');
+
+Behavioral Changes (BC Breaks)
+------------------------------
+
+NamingStrategy interface changed
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+The ``Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\NamingStrategyInterface`` changed slightly
+to pass the Class Name of the entity into the join column name generation:
+
+:: 
+
+    -    function joinColumnName($propertyName);
+    +    function joinColumnName($propertyName, $className = null);
+
+It also received a new method for supporting embeddables:
+
+::
+
+    public function embeddedFieldToColumnName($propertyName, $embeddedColumnName);
+
+Minor BC BREAK: EntityManagerInterface instead of EntityManager in type-hints
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+ 
+As of 2.5, classes requiring the ``EntityManager`` in any method signature will now require 
+an ``EntityManagerInterface`` instead.
+If you are extending any of the following classes, then you need to check following
+signatures:
+
+- ``Doctrine\ORM\Tools\DebugUnitOfWorkListener#dumpIdentityMap(EntityManagerInterface $em)``
+- ``Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\ClassMetadataFactory#setEntityManager(EntityManagerInterface $em)``
+
+Minor BC BREAK: Custom Hydrators API change
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+As of 2.5, ``AbstractHydrator`` does not enforce the usage of cache as part of
+API, and now provides you a clean API for column information through the method
+``hydrateColumnInfo($column)``.
+Cache variable being passed around by reference is no longer needed since
+Hydrators are per query instantiated since Doctrine 2.4.
+
+- `DDC-3060 <http://doctrine-project.org/jira/browse/DDC-3060>`_
+
+Minor BC BREAK: All non-transient classes in an inheritance must be part of the inheritance map
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+As of 2.5, classes, if you define an inheritance map for an inheritance tree, you are required
+to map all non-transient classes in that inheritance, including the root of the inheritance.
+
+So far, the root of the inheritance was allowed to be skipped in the inheritance map: this is
+not possible anymore, and if you don't plan to persist instances of that class, then you should
+either:
+
+- make that class as ``abstract``
+- add that class to your inheritance map
+
+If you fail to do so, then a ``Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\MappingException`` will be thrown.
+
+
+- `DDC-3300 <http://doctrine-project.org/jira/browse/DDC-3300>`_
+- `DDC-3503 <http://doctrine-project.org/jira/browse/DDC-3503>`_
+
+Minor BC BREAK: Entity based EntityManager#clear() calls follow cascade detach
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Whenever ``EntityManager#clear()`` method gets called with a given entity class
+name, until 2.4, it was only detaching the specific requested entity.
+As of 2.5, ``EntityManager`` will follow configured cascades, providing a better
+memory management since associations will be garbage collected, optimizing
+resources consumption on long running jobs.
+
+Updates on entities scheduled for deletion are no longer processed
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+In Doctrine 2.4, if you modified properties of an entity scheduled for deletion, UnitOfWork would
+produce an ``UPDATE`` statement to be executed right before the ``DELETE`` statement. The entity in question
+was therefore present in ``UnitOfWork#entityUpdates``, which means that ``preUpdate`` and ``postUpdate``
+listeners were (quite pointlessly) called. In ``preFlush`` listeners, it used to be possible to undo
+the scheduled deletion for updated entities (by calling ``persist()`` if the entity was found in both
+``entityUpdates`` and ``entityDeletions``). This does not work any longer, because the entire changeset
+calculation logic is optimized away.
+
+Minor BC BREAK: Default lock mode changed from LockMode::NONE to null in method signatures
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+A misconception concerning default lock mode values in method signatures lead to unexpected behaviour
+in SQL statements on SQL Server. With a default lock mode of ``LockMode::NONE`` throughout the
+method signatures in ORM, the table lock hint ``WITH (NOLOCK)`` was appended to all locking related
+queries by default. This could result in unpredictable results because an explicit ``WITH (NOLOCK)``
+table hint tells SQL Server to run a specific query in transaction isolation level READ UNCOMMITTED
+instead of the default READ COMMITTED transaction isolation level.
+Therefore there now is a distinction between ``LockMode::NONE`` and ``null`` to be able to tell
+Doctrine whether to add table lock hints to queries by intention or not. To achieve this, the following
+method signatures have been changed to declare ``$lockMode = null`` instead of ``$lockMode = LockMode::NONE``:
+
+- ``Doctrine\ORM\Cache\Persister\AbstractEntityPersister#getSelectSQL()``
+- ``Doctrine\ORM\Cache\Persister\AbstractEntityPersister#load()``
+- ``Doctrine\ORM\Cache\Persister\AbstractEntityPersister#refresh()``
+- ``Doctrine\ORM\Decorator\EntityManagerDecorator#find()``
+- ``Doctrine\ORM\EntityManager#find()``
+- ``Doctrine\ORM\EntityRepository#find()``
+- ``Doctrine\ORM\Persisters\BasicEntityPersister#getSelectSQL()``
+- ``Doctrine\ORM\Persisters\BasicEntityPersister#load()``
+- ``Doctrine\ORM\Persisters\BasicEntityPersister#refresh()``
+- ``Doctrine\ORM\Persisters\EntityPersister#getSelectSQL()``
+- ``Doctrine\ORM\Persisters\EntityPersister#load()``
+- ``Doctrine\ORM\Persisters\EntityPersister#refresh()``
+- ``Doctrine\ORM\Persisters\JoinedSubclassPersister#getSelectSQL()``
+
+You should update signatures for these methods if you have subclassed one of the above classes.
+Please also check the calling code of these methods in your application and update if necessary.
+
+.. note::
+
+    This in fact is really a minor BC BREAK and should not have any affect on database vendors
+    other than SQL Server because it is the only one that supports and therefore cares about
+    ``LockMode::NONE``. It's really just a FIX for SQL Server environments using ORM.
+
+Minor BC BREAK: __clone method not called anymore when entities are instantiated via metadata API
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+As of PHP 5.6, instantiation of new entities is deferred to the
+`doctrine/instantiator <https://github.com/doctrine/instantiator>`_ library, which will avoid calling ``__clone``
+or any public API on instantiated objects.
+
+BC BREAK: DefaultRepositoryFactory is now final
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Please implement the ``Doctrine\ORM\Repository\RepositoryFactory`` interface instead of extending
+the ``Doctrine\ORM\Repository\DefaultRepositoryFactory``.
+
+BC BREAK: New object expression DQL queries now respects user provided aliasing and not return consumed fields
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+When executing DQL queries with new object expressions, instead of returning
+DTOs numerically indexes, it will now respect user provided aliases. Consider
+the following query:
+
+::
+
+    SELECT new UserDTO(u.id,u.name) as user,new AddressDTO(a.street,a.postalCode) as address, a.id as addressId
+    FROM User u INNER JOIN u.addresses a WITH a.isPrimary = true
+    
+Previously, your result would be similar to this:
+
+::
+
+    array(
+        0=>array(
+            0=>{UserDTO object},
+            1=>{AddressDTO object},
+            2=>{u.id scalar},
+            3=>{u.name scalar},
+            4=>{a.street scalar},
+            5=>{a.postalCode scalar},
+            'addressId'=>{a.id scalar},
+        ),
+        ...
+    )
+
+From now on, the resultset will look like this:
+
+::
+
+    array(
+        0=>array(
+            'user'=>{UserDTO object},
+            'address'=>{AddressDTO object},
+            'addressId'=>{a.id scalar}
+        ),
+        ...
+    )
@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+#
+# Doctrine 2 ORM documentation build configuration file, created by
+# sphinx-quickstart on Fri Dec  3 18:10:24 2010.
+#
+# This file is execfile()d with the current directory set to its containing dir.
+#
+# Note that not all possible configuration values are present in this
+# autogenerated file.
+#
+# All configuration values have a default; values that are commented out
+# serve to show the default.
+
+import sys, os
+
+# If extensions (or modules to document with autodoc) are in another directory,
+# add these directories to sys.path here. If the directory is relative to the
+# documentation root, use os.path.abspath to make it absolute, like shown here.
+sys.path.append(os.path.abspath('_exts'))
+
+# -- General configuration -----------------------------------------------------
+
+# Add any Sphinx extension module names here, as strings. They can be extensions
+# coming with Sphinx (named 'sphinx.ext.*') or your custom ones.
+extensions = ['configurationblock']
+
+# Add any paths that contain templates here, relative to this directory.
+templates_path = ['_templates']
+
+# The suffix of source filenames.
+source_suffix = '.rst'
+
+# The encoding of source files.
+#source_encoding = 'utf-8'
+
+# The master toctree document.
+master_doc = 'index'
+
+# General information about the project.
+project = u'Doctrine 2 ORM'
+copyright = u'2010-12, Doctrine Project Team'
+
+# The version info for the project you're documenting, acts as replacement for
+# |version| and |release|, also used in various other places throughout the
+# built documents.
+#
+# The short X.Y version.
+version = '2'
+# The full version, including alpha/beta/rc tags.
+release = '2'
+
+# The language for content autogenerated by Sphinx. Refer to documentation
+# for a list of supported languages.
+language = 'en'
+
+# There are two options for replacing |today|: either, you set today to some
+# non-false value, then it is used:
+#today = ''
+# Else, today_fmt is used as the format for a strftime call.
+#today_fmt = '%B %d, %Y'
+
+# List of documents that shouldn't be included in the build.
+#unused_docs = []
+
+# List of directories, relative to source directory, that shouldn't be searched
+# for source files.
+exclude_trees = ['_build']
+
+# The reST default role (used for this markup: `text`) to use for all documents.
+#default_role = None
+
+# If true, '()' will be appended to :func: etc. cross-reference text.
+#add_function_parentheses = True
+
+# If true, the current module name will be prepended to all description
+# unit titles (such as .. function::).
+#add_module_names = True
+
+# If true, sectionauthor and moduleauthor directives will be shown in the
+# output. They are ignored by default.
+show_authors = True
+
+# The name of the Pygments (syntax highlighting) style to use.
+pygments_style = 'sphinx'
+
+# A list of ignored prefixes for module index sorting.
+#modindex_common_prefix = []
+
+
+# -- Options for HTML output ---------------------------------------------------
+
+# The theme to use for HTML and HTML Help pages.  Major themes that come with
+# Sphinx are currently 'default' and 'sphinxdoc'.
+html_theme = 'doctrine'
+
+# Theme options are theme-specific and customize the look and feel of a theme
+# further.  For a list of options available for each theme, see the
+# documentation.
+#html_theme_options = {}
+
+# Add any paths that contain custom themes here, relative to this directory.
+html_theme_path = ['_theme']
+
+# The name for this set of Sphinx documents.  If None, it defaults to
+# "<project> v<release> documentation".
+#html_title = None
+
+# A shorter title for the navigation bar.  Default is the same as html_title.
+#html_short_title = None
+
+# The name of an image file (relative to this directory) to place at the top
+# of the sidebar.
+#html_logo = None
+
+# The name of an image file (within the static path) to use as favicon of the
+# docs.  This file should be a Windows icon file (.ico) being 16x16 or 32x32
+# pixels large.
+#html_favicon = None
+
+# Add any paths that contain custom static files (such as style sheets) here,
+# relative to this directory. They are copied after the builtin static files,
+# so a file named "default.css" will overwrite the builtin "default.css".
+html_static_path = ['_static']
+
+# If not '', a 'Last updated on:' timestamp is inserted at every page bottom,
+# using the given strftime format.
+#html_last_updated_fmt = '%b %d, %Y'
+
+# If true, SmartyPants will be used to convert quotes and dashes to
+# typographically correct entities.
+#html_use_smartypants = True
+
+# Custom sidebar templates, maps document names to template names.
+#html_sidebars = {}
+
+# Additional templates that should be rendered to pages, maps page names to
+# template names.
+#html_additional_pages = {}
+
+# If false, no module index is generated.
+#html_use_modindex = True
+
+# If false, no index is generated.
+#html_use_index = True
+
+# If true, the index is split into individual pages for each letter.
+#html_split_index = False
+
+# If true, links to the reST sources are added to the pages.
+#html_show_sourcelink = True
+
+# If true, an OpenSearch description file will be output, and all pages will
+# contain a <link> tag referring to it.  The value of this option must be the
+# base URL from which the finished HTML is served.
+#html_use_opensearch = ''
+
+# If nonempty, this is the file name suffix for HTML files (e.g. ".xhtml").
+#html_file_suffix = ''
+
+# Output file base name for HTML help builder.
+htmlhelp_basename = 'Doctrine2ORMdoc'
+
+
+# -- Options for LaTeX output --------------------------------------------------
+
+# The paper size ('letter' or 'a4').
+#latex_paper_size = 'letter'
+
+# The font size ('10pt', '11pt' or '12pt').
+#latex_font_size = '10pt'
+
+# Grouping the document tree into LaTeX files. List of tuples
+# (source start file, target name, title, author, documentclass [howto/manual]).
+latex_documents = [
+  ('index', 'Doctrine2ORM.tex', u'Doctrine 2 ORM Documentation',
+   u'Doctrine Project Team', 'manual'),
+]
+
+# The name of an image file (relative to this directory) to place at the top of
+# the title page.
+#latex_logo = None
+
+# For "manual" documents, if this is true, then toplevel headings are parts,
+# not chapters.
+#latex_use_parts = False
+
+# Additional stuff for the LaTeX preamble.
+#latex_preamble = ''
+
+# Documents to append as an appendix to all manuals.
+#latex_appendices = []
+
+# If false, no module index is generated.
+#latex_use_modindex = True
+
+primary_domain = "dcorm"
+
+def linkcode_resolve(domain, info):
+    if domain == 'dcorm':
+        return 'http://'
+    return None
@@ -4,18 +4,18 @@ Advanced field value conversion using custom mapping types
 .. sectionauthor:: Jan Sorgalla <jsorgalla@googlemail.com>

 When creating entities, you sometimes have the need to transform field values
-before they are saved to the database. In Doctrine you can use Custom Mapping
+before they are saved to the database. In Doctrine you can use Custom Mapping 
 Types to solve this (see: :ref:`reference-basic-mapping-custom-mapping-types`).

 There are several ways to achieve this: converting the value inside the Type
 class, converting the value on the database-level or a combination of both.

 This article describes the third way by implementing the MySQL specific column
-type `Point <https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/gis-class-point.html>`_.
+type `Point <http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/gis-class-point.html>`_.

-The ``Point`` type is part of the `Spatial extension <https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/spatial-extensions.html>`_
+The ``Point`` type is part of the `Spatial extension <http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/spatial-extensions.html>`_
 of MySQL and enables you to store a single location in a coordinate space by
-using x and y coordinates. You can use the Point type to store a
+using x and y coordinates. You can use the Point type to store a 
 longitude/latitude pair to represent a geographic location.

 The entity
@@ -29,42 +29,62 @@ The entity class:
 .. code-block:: php

    <?php
-
+    
    namespace Geo\Entity;
-
-    use Geo\ValueObject\Point;
-
-    #[Entity]
+ 
+    /**
+     * @Entity
+     */
    class Location
    {
-        #[Column(type: 'point')]
-        private Point $point;
+        /**
+         * @Column(type="point")
+         *
+         * @var \Geo\ValueObject\Point
+         */
+        private $point;

-        #[Column]
-        private string $address;
+        /**
+         * @Column(type="string")
+         *
+         * @var string
+         */
+        private $address;

-        public function setPoint(Point $point): void
+        /**
+         * @param \Geo\ValueObject\Point $point
+         */
+        public function setPoint(\Geo\ValueObject\Point $point)
        {
            $this->point = $point;
        }

-        public function getPoint(): Point
+        /**
+         * @return \Geo\ValueObject\Point
+         */
+        public function getPoint()
        {
            return $this->point;
        }

-        public function setAddress(string $address): void
+        /**
+         * @param string $address
+         */
+        public function setAddress($address)
        {
            $this->address = $address;
        }

-        public function getAddress(): string
+        /**
+         * @return string
+         */
+        public function getAddress()
        {
            return $this->address;
        }
    }

-We use the custom type ``point`` in the ``#[Column]``  attribute of the
+We use the custom type ``point`` in the ``@Column``  docblock annotation of the 
 ``$point`` field. We will create this custom mapping type in the next chapter.

 The point class:
@@ -72,23 +92,34 @@ The point class:
 .. code-block:: php

    <?php
-
+    
    namespace Geo\ValueObject;

    class Point
    {
-        public function __construct(
-            private float $latitude,
-            private float $longitude,
-        ) {
+
+        /**
+         * @param float $latitude
+         * @param float $longitude
+         */
+        public function __construct($latitude, $longitude)
+        {
+            $this->latitude  = $latitude;
+            $this->longitude = $longitude;
        }

-        public function getLatitude(): float
+        /**
+         * @return float
+         */
+        public function getLatitude()
        {
            return $this->latitude;
        }

-        public function getLongitude(): float
+        /**
+         * @return float
+         */
+        public function getLongitude()
        {
            return $this->longitude;
        }
@@ -140,6 +171,11 @@ Now we're going to create the ``point`` type and implement all required methods.
            return $value;
        }

+        public function canRequireSQLConversion()
+        {
+            return true;
+        }
+
        public function convertToPHPValueSQL($sqlExpr, AbstractPlatform $platform)
        {
            return sprintf('AsText(%s)', $sqlExpr);
@@ -156,11 +192,11 @@ object into a string representation before saving to the database (in the
 ``convertToDatabaseValue`` method) and back into an object after fetching the
 value from the database (in the ``convertToPHPValue`` method).

-The format of the string representation format is called
-`Well-known text (WKT) <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Well-known_text>`_.
-The advantage of this format is, that it is both human readable and parsable by MySQL.
+The format of the string representation format is called `Well-known text (WKT)
+<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Well-known_text>`_. The advantage of this format
+is, that it is both human readable and parsable by MySQL.

-Internally, MySQL stores geometry values in a binary format that is not
+Internally, MySQL stores geometry values in a binary format that is not 
 identical to the WKT format. So, we need to let MySQL transform the WKT
 representation into its internal format.

@@ -168,19 +204,19 @@ This is where the ``convertToPHPValueSQL`` and  ``convertToDatabaseValueSQL``
 methods come into play.

 This methods wrap a sql expression (the WKT representation of the Point) into
-MySQL functions `ST_PointFromText <https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/gis-wkt-functions.html#function_st-pointfromtext>`_
-and `ST_AsText <https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/gis-format-conversion-functions.html#function_st-astext>`_
+MySQL functions `PointFromText <http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/creating-spatial-values.html#function_pointfromtext>`_
+and `AsText <http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/functions-to-convert-geometries-between-formats.html#function_astext>`_
 which convert WKT strings to and from the internal format of MySQL.

 .. note::

-    When using DQL queries, the ``convertToPHPValueSQL`` and
+    When using DQL queries, the ``convertToPHPValueSQL`` and  
    ``convertToDatabaseValueSQL`` methods only apply to identification variables
-    and path expressions in SELECT clauses. Expressions in  WHERE clauses are
+    and path expressions in SELECT clauses. Expressions in  WHERE clauses are 
    **not** wrapped!

    If you want to use Point values in WHERE clauses, you have to implement a
-    :doc:`user defined function <dql-user-defined-functions>` for
+    :doc:`user defined function <dql-user-defined-functions>` for 
    ``PointFromText``.

 Example usage
@@ -191,7 +227,7 @@ Example usage
    <?php

    // Bootstrapping stuff...
-    // $em = new \Doctrine\ORM\EntityManager($connection, $config);
+    // $em = \Doctrine\ORM\EntityManager::create($connectionOptions, $config);

    // Setup custom mapping type
    use Doctrine\DBAL\Types\Type;
@@ -213,8 +249,8 @@ Example usage
    $em->clear();

    // Fetch the Location object
-    $query = $em->createQuery("SELECT l FROM Geo\Entity\Location l WHERE l.address = '1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View, CA'");
+    $query = $em->createQuery("SELECT l FROM Geo\Entity\Location WHERE l.address = '1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View, CA'");
    $location = $query->getSingleResult();

-    /** @var Geo\ValueObject\Point */
+    /* @var Geo\ValueObject\Point */
    $point = $location->getPoint();
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ Aggregate Fields
 You will often come across the requirement to display aggregate
 values of data that can be computed by using the MIN, MAX, COUNT or
 SUM SQL functions. For any ORM this is a tricky issue
-traditionally. Doctrine ORM offers several ways to get access to
+traditionally. Doctrine 2 offers several ways to get access to
 these values and this article will describe all of them from
 different perspectives.

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ into the account can either be of positive or negative money
 values. Each account has a credit limit and the account is never
 allowed to have a balance below that value.

-For simplicity we live in a world where money is composed of
+For simplicity we live in a world were money is composed of
 integers only. Also we omit the receiver/sender name, stated reason
 for transfer and the execution date. These all would have to be
 added on the ``Entry`` object.
@@ -32,55 +32,63 @@ Our entities look like:
 .. code-block:: php

    <?php
-
    namespace Bank\Entities;
-
-    use Doctrine\ORM\Mapping as ORM;
-    use Doctrine\Common\Collections\ArrayCollection;
-    use Doctrine\Common\Collections\Collection;
-
-    #[ORM\Entity]
+    
+    /**
+     * @Entity
+     */
    class Account
    {
-        #[ORM\Id]
-        #[ORM\GeneratedValue]
-        #[ORM\Column(type: 'integer')]
-        private ?int $id;
-
-        #[ORM\OneToMany(targetEntity: Entry::class, mappedBy: 'account', cascade: ['persist'])]
-        private Collection $entries;
-
-
-        public function __construct(
-            #[ORM\Column(type: 'string', unique: true)]
-            private string $no,
-
-            #[ORM\Column(type: 'integer')]
-            private int $maxCredit = 0,
-        ) {
-            $this->entries = new ArrayCollection();
+        /** @Id @GeneratedValue @Column(type="integer") */
+        private $id;
+    
+        /** @Column(type="string", unique=true) */
+        private $no;
+    
+        /**
+         * @OneToMany(targetEntity="Entry", mappedBy="account", cascade={"persist"})
+         */
+        private $entries;
+    
+        /**
+         * @Column(type="integer")
+         */
+        private $maxCredit = 0;
+    
+        public function __construct($no, $maxCredit = 0)
+        {
+            $this->no = $no;
+            $this->maxCredit = $maxCredit;
+            $this->entries = new \Doctrine\Common\Collections\ArrayCollection();
        }
    }
-
-    #[ORM\Entity]
+    
+    /**
+     * @Entity
+     */
    class Entry
    {
-        #[ORM\Id]
-        #[ORM\GeneratedValue]
-        #[ORM\Column(type: 'integer')]
-        private ?int $id;
-
-        public function __construct(
-            #[ORM\ManyToOne(targetEntity: Account::class, inversedBy: 'entries')]
-            private Account $account,
-
-            #[ORM\Column(type: 'integer')]
-            private int $amount,
-        ) {
+        /** @Id @GeneratedValue @Column(type="integer") */
+        private $id;
+    
+        /**
+         * @ManyToOne(targetEntity="Account", inversedBy="entries")
+         */
+        private $account;
+    
+        /**
+         * @Column(type="integer")
+         */
+        private $amount;
+    
+        public function __construct($account, $amount)
+        {
+            $this->account = $account;
+            $this->amount = $amount;
            // more stuff here, from/to whom, stated reason, execution date and such
        }
-
-        public function getAmount(): Amount
+    
+        public function getAmount()
        {
            return $this->amount;
        }
@@ -138,14 +146,12 @@ collection, which means we can compute this value at runtime:
    class Account
    {
        // .. previous code
-
-        public function getBalance(): int
+        public function getBalance()
        {
            $balance = 0;
            foreach ($this->entries as $entry) {
                $balance += $entry->getAmount();
            }
-
            return $balance;
        }
    }
@@ -169,11 +175,13 @@ relation with this method:
    <?php
    class Account
    {
-        public function addEntry(int $amount): void
+        public function addEntry($amount)
        {
            $this->assertAcceptEntryAllowed($amount);
-
-            $this->entries[] = new Entry($this, $amount);
+    
+            $e = new Entry($this, $amount);
+            $this->entries[] = $e;
+            return $e;
        }
    }

@@ -182,28 +190,25 @@ Now look at the following test-code for our entities:
 .. code-block:: php

    <?php
-
-    use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;
-
-    class AccountTest extends TestCase
+    class AccountTest extends \PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase
    {
        public function testAddEntry()
        {
-            $account = new Account("123456", maxCredit: 200);
+            $account = new Account("123456", $maxCredit = 200);
            $this->assertEquals(0, $account->getBalance());
-
+    
            $account->addEntry(500);
            $this->assertEquals(500, $account->getBalance());
-
+    
            $account->addEntry(-700);
            $this->assertEquals(-200, $account->getBalance());
        }
-
+    
        public function testExceedMaxLimit()
        {
-            $account = new Account("123456", maxCredit: 200);
-
-            $this->expectException(Exception::class);
+            $account = new Account("123456", $maxCredit = 200);
+    
+            $this->setExpectedException("Exception");
            $account->addEntry(-1000);
        }
    }
@@ -214,12 +219,9 @@ To enforce our rule we can now implement the assertion in
 .. code-block:: php

    <?php
-
    class Account
    {
-        // .. previous code
-
-        private function assertAcceptEntryAllowed(int $amount): void
+        private function assertAcceptEntryAllowed($amount)
        {
            $futureBalance = $this->getBalance() + $amount;
            $allowedMinimalBalance = ($this->maxCredit * -1);
@@ -263,20 +265,24 @@ entries collection) we want to add an aggregate field called
    <?php
    class Account
    {
-        #[ORM\Column(type: 'integer')]
-        private int $balance = 0;
-
-        public function getBalance(): int
+        /**
+         * @Column(type="integer")
+         */
+        private $balance = 0;
+    
+        public function getBalance()
        {
            return $this->balance;
        }
-
-        public function addEntry(int $amount): void
+    
+        public function addEntry($amount)
        {
            $this->assertAcceptEntryAllowed($amount);
-
-            $this->entries[] = new Entry($this, $amount);
+    
+            $e = new Entry($this, $amount);
+            $this->entries[] = $e;
            $this->balance += $amount;
+            return $e;
        }
    }

@@ -300,26 +306,23 @@ potentially lead to inconsistent state. See this example:
 .. code-block:: php

    <?php
-
-    use Bank\Entities\Account;
-
    // The Account $accId has a balance of 0 and a max credit limit of 200:
    // request 1 account
-    $account1 = $em->find(Account::class, $accId);
-
+    $account1 = $em->find('Bank\Entities\Account', $accId);
+    
    // request 2 account
-    $account2 = $em->find(Account::class, $accId);
-
+    $account2 = $em->find('Bank\Entities\Account', $accId);
+    
    $account1->addEntry(-200);
    $account2->addEntry(-200);
-
+    
    // now request 1 and 2 both flush the changes.

 The aggregate field ``Account::$balance`` is now -200, however the
 SUM over all entries amounts yields -400. A violation of our max
 credit rule.

-You can use both optimistic or pessimistic locking to safe-guard
+You can use both optimistic or pessimistic locking to save-guard
 your aggregate fields against this kind of race-conditions. Reading
 Eric Evans DDD carefully he mentions that the "Aggregate Root"
 (Account in our example) needs a locking mechanism.
@@ -329,12 +332,10 @@ Optimistic locking is as easy as adding a version column:
 .. code-block:: php

    <?php
-
    class Account
    {
-        #[ORM\Column(type: 'integer')]
-        #[ORM\Version]
-        private int $version;
+        /** @Column(type="integer") @Version */
+        private $version;
    }

 The previous example would then throw an exception in the face of
@@ -348,11 +349,9 @@ the database using a FOR UPDATE.
 .. code-block:: php

    <?php
-
-    use Bank\Entities\Account;
    use Doctrine\DBAL\LockMode;
-
-    $account = $em->find(Account::class, $accId, LockMode::PESSIMISTIC_WRITE);
+    
+    $account = $em->find('Bank\Entities\Account', $accId, LockMode::PESSIMISTIC_READ);

 Keeping Updates and Deletes in Sync
 -----------------------------------
@@ -373,3 +372,5 @@ field that offers serious performance benefits over iterating all
 the related objects that make up an aggregate value. Finally I
 showed how you can ensure that your aggregate fields do not get out
 of sync due to race-conditions and concurrent access.
+
+
@@ -49,6 +49,8 @@ you wish. Here is an example skeleton of such a custom type class:

    The following assumptions are applied to mapping types by the ORM:

+    -  If the value of the field is *NULL* the method
+       ``convertToDatabaseValue()`` is not called.
    -  The ``UnitOfWork`` never passes values to the database convert
       method that did not change in the request.
    -  The ``UnitOfWork`` internally assumes that entity identifiers are
@@ -3,82 +3,98 @@ Persisting the Decorator Pattern

 .. sectionauthor:: Chris Woodford <chris.woodford@gmail.com>

-This recipe will show you a simple example of how you can use
-Doctrine ORM to persist an implementation of the
-`Decorator Pattern <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decorator_pattern>`_
+This recipe will show you a simple example of how you can use 
+Doctrine 2 to persist an implementation of the
+`Decorator Pattern <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decorator_pattern>`_

 Component
 ---------

-The ``Component`` class needs to be persisted, so it's going to
-be an ``Entity``. As the top of the inheritance hierarchy, it's going
-to have to define the persistent inheritance. For this example, we
-will use Single Table Inheritance, but Class Table Inheritance
-would work as well. In the discriminator map, we will define two
-concrete subclasses, ``ConcreteComponent`` and ``ConcreteDecorator``.
+The ``Component`` class needs to be persisted, so it's going to 
+be an ``Entity``. As the top of the inheritance hierarchy, it's going 
+to have to define the persistent inheritance. For this example, we 
+will use Single Table Inheritance, but Class Table Inheritance  
+would work as well. In the discriminator map, we will define two 
+concrete subclasses, ``ConcreteComponent`` and ``ConcreteDecorator``. 

 .. code-block:: php

    <?php
-
+    
    namespace Test;
-
-    #[Entity]
-    #[InheritanceType('SINGLE_TABLE')]
-    #[DiscriminatorColumn(name: 'discr', type: 'string')]
-    #[DiscriminatorMap(['cc' => Component\ConcreteComponent::class,
-        'cd' => Decorator\ConcreteDecorator::class])]
+ 
+    /**
+     * @Entity
+     * @InheritanceType("SINGLE_TABLE")
+     * @DiscriminatorColumn(name="discr", type="string")
+     * @DiscriminatorMap({"cc" = "Test\Component\ConcreteComponent", 
+        "cd" = "Test\Decorator\ConcreteDecorator"})
+     */
    abstract class Component
    {
-
-        #[Id, Column]
-        #[GeneratedValue(strategy: 'AUTO')]
-        protected int|null $id = null;
-
-        #[Column(type: 'string', nullable: true)]
+ 
+        /**
+         * @Id @Column(type="integer")
+         * @GeneratedValue(strategy="AUTO")
+         */
+        protected $id;
+ 
+        /** @Column(type="string", nullable=true) */
        protected $name;
-
-        public function getId(): int|null
+ 
+        /**
+         * Get id
+         * @return integer $id
+         */
+        public function getId()
        {
            return $this->id;
        }
-
-        public function setName(string $name): void
+ 
+        /**
+         * Set name
+         * @param string $name
+         */
+        public function setName($name)
        {
            $this->name = $name;
        }
-
-        public function getName(): string
+ 
+        /**
+         * Get name
+         * @return string $name
+         */
+        public function getName()
        {
            return $this->name;
        }
-
+ 
    }
-
+    
 ConcreteComponent
 -----------------

-The ``ConcreteComponent`` class is pretty simple and doesn't do much
-more than extend the abstract ``Component`` class (only for the
+The ``ConcreteComponent`` class is pretty simple and doesn't do much 
+more than extend the abstract ``Component`` class (only for the 
 purpose of keeping this example simple).

 .. code-block:: php

    <?php
-
+    
    namespace Test\Component;
-
+ 
    use Test\Component;
-
-    #[Entity]
+ 
+    /** @Entity */
    class ConcreteComponent extends Component
    {}
-
+    
 Decorator
 ---------

-The ``Decorator`` class doesn't need to be persisted, but it does
-need to define an association with a persisted ``Entity``. We can
+The ``Decorator`` class doesn't need to be persisted, but it does 
+need to define an association with a persisted ``Entity``. We can 
 use a ``MappedSuperclass`` for this.

 .. code-block:: php
@@ -86,14 +102,17 @@ use a ``MappedSuperclass`` for this.
    <?php

    namespace Test;
-
-    #[MappedSuperclass]
+ 
+    /** @MappedSuperclass */
    abstract class Decorator extends Component
    {
-        #[OneToOne(targetEntity: Component::class, cascade: ['all'])]
-        #[JoinColumn(name: 'decorates', referencedColumnName: 'id')]
+ 
+        /**
+         * @OneToOne(targetEntity="Test\Component", cascade={"all"})
+         * @JoinColumn(name="decorates", referencedColumnName="id")
+         */
        protected $decorates;
-
+ 
        /**
         * initialize the decorator
         * @param Component $c
@@ -102,138 +121,153 @@ use a ``MappedSuperclass`` for this.
        {
            $this->setDecorates($c);
        }
-
+ 
        /**
         * (non-PHPdoc)
         * @see Test.Component::getName()
         */
-        public function getName(): string
+        public function getName()
        {
    	    return 'Decorated ' . $this->getDecorates()->getName();
        }
-
-        /** the component being decorated */
-        protected function getDecorates(): Component
+ 
+        /**
+         * the component being decorated
+         * @return Component
+         */
+        protected function getDecorates()
        {
    	    return $this->decorates;
        }
-
-        /** sets the component being decorated */
-        protected function setDecorates(Component $c): void
+ 
+        /**
+         * sets the component being decorated
+         * @param Component $c
+         */
+        protected function setDecorates(Component $c)
        {
    	    $this->decorates = $c;
        }
-
+ 
    }

-All operations on the ``Decorator`` (i.e. persist, remove, etc) will
-cascade from the ``Decorator`` to the ``Component``. This means that
-when we persist a ``Decorator``, Doctrine will take care of
-persisting the chain of decorated objects for us. A ``Decorator`` can
-be treated exactly as a ``Component`` when it comes time to
+All operations on the ``Decorator`` (i.e. persist, remove, etc) will 
+cascade from the ``Decorator`` to the ``Component``. This means that 
+when we persist a ``Decorator``, Doctrine will take care of 
+persisting the chain of decorated objects for us. A ``Decorator`` can 
+be treated exactly as a ``Component`` when it comes time to 
 persisting it.
-
-The ``Decorator's`` constructor accepts an instance of a
-``Component``, as defined by the ``Decorator`` pattern. The
-setDecorates/getDecorates methods have been defined as protected to
-hide the fact that a ``Decorator`` is decorating a ``Component`` and
-keeps the ``Component`` interface and the ``Decorator`` interface
+ 
+The ``Decorator's`` constructor accepts an instance of a 
+``Component``, as defined by the ``Decorator`` pattern. The 
+setDecorates/getDecorates methods have been defined as protected to 
+hide the fact that a ``Decorator`` is decorating a ``Component`` and 
+keeps the ``Component`` interface and the ``Decorator`` interface 
 identical.

-To illustrate the intended result of the ``Decorator`` pattern, the
-getName() method has been overridden to append a string to the
+To illustrate the intended result of the ``Decorator`` pattern, the 
+getName() method has been overridden to append a string to the 
 ``Component's`` getName() method.

 ConcreteDecorator
 -----------------

-The final class required to complete a simple implementation of the
-Decorator pattern is the ``ConcreteDecorator``. In order to further
-illustrate how the ``Decorator`` can alter data as it moves through
-the chain of decoration, a new field, "special", has been added to
-this class. The getName() has been overridden and appends the value
-of the getSpecial() method to its return value.
+The final class required to complete a simple implementation of the 
+Decorator pattern is the ``ConcreteDecorator``. In order to further 
+illustrate how the ``Decorator`` can alter data as it moves through 
+the chain of decoration, a new field, "special", has been added to 
+this class. The getName() has been overridden and appends the value 
+of the getSpecial() method to its return value.  

 .. code-block:: php

    <?php
-
+    
    namespace Test\Decorator;
-
+ 
    use Test\Decorator;
-
-    #[Entity]
+ 
+    /** @Entity */
    class ConcreteDecorator extends Decorator
    {
-
-        #[Column(type: 'string', nullable: true)]
-        protected string|null $special = null;
-
-        public function setSpecial(string|null $special): void
+ 
+        /** @Column(type="string", nullable=true) */
+        protected $special;
+ 
+        /**
+         * Set special
+         * @param string $special
+         */
+        public function setSpecial($special)
        {
            $this->special = $special;
        }
-
-        public function getSpecial(): string|null
+ 
+        /**
+         * Get special
+         * @return string $special
+         */
+        public function getSpecial()
        {
            return $this->special;
        }
-
+ 
        /**
         * (non-PHPdoc)
         * @see Test.Component::getName()
         */
-        public function getName(): string
+        public function getName()
        {
            return '[' . $this->getSpecial()
-                . '] ' . parent::getName();
+                . '] ' . parent::getName(); 
        }
-
+ 
    }
-
+    
 Examples
 --------

-Here is an example of how to persist and retrieve your decorated
+Here is an example of how to persist and retrieve your decorated 
 objects

 .. code-block:: php

    <?php
-
+    
    use Test\Component\ConcreteComponent,
        Test\Decorator\ConcreteDecorator;
-
-    // assumes Doctrine ORM is configured and an instance of
+ 
+    // assumes Doctrine 2 is configured and an instance of
    // an EntityManager is available as $em
-
+ 
    // create a new concrete component
    $c = new ConcreteComponent();
    $c->setName('Test Component 1');
    $em->persist($c); // assigned unique ID = 1
-
+ 
    // create a new concrete decorator
    $c = new ConcreteComponent();
    $c->setName('Test Component 2');
-
+ 
    $d = new ConcreteDecorator($c);
    $d->setSpecial('Really');
-    $em->persist($d);
+    $em->persist($d); 
    // assigns c as unique ID = 2, and d as unique ID = 3
-
+    
    $em->flush();

    $c = $em->find('Test\Component', 1);
    $d = $em->find('Test\Component', 3);
-
+ 
    echo get_class($c);
    // prints: Test\Component\ConcreteComponent
-
+ 
    echo $c->getName();
-    // prints: Test Component 1
-
-    echo get_class($d)
+    // prints: Test Component 1 
+ 
+    echo get_class($d) 
    // prints: Test\Component\ConcreteDecorator
-
+ 
    echo $d->getName();
    // prints: [Really] Decorated Test Component 2
+    
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-Extending DQL in Doctrine ORM: Custom AST Walkers
+Extending DQL in Doctrine 2: Custom AST Walkers
 ===============================================

 .. sectionauthor:: Benjamin Eberlei <kontakt@beberlei.de>
@@ -12,9 +12,9 @@ the Doctrine ORM.

 In Doctrine 1 the DQL language was not implemented using a real
 parser. This made modifications of the DQL by the user impossible.
-Doctrine ORM in contrast has a real parser for the DQL language,
+Doctrine 2 in contrast has a real parser for the DQL language,
 which transforms the DQL statement into an
-`Abstract Syntax Tree <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abstract_syntax_tree>`_
+`Abstract Syntax Tree <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abstract_syntax_tree>`_
 and generates the appropriate SQL statement for it. Since this
 process is deterministic Doctrine heavily caches the SQL that is
 generated from any given DQL query, which reduces the performance
@@ -33,8 +33,8 @@ the DQL parser:
   is only ever one of them. We implemented the default SqlWalker
   implementation for it.
 -  A tree walker. There can be many tree walkers, they cannot
-   generate the SQL, however they can modify the AST before its
-   rendered to SQL.
+   generate the sql, however they can modify the AST before its
+   rendered to sql.

 Now this is all awfully technical, so let me come to some use-cases
 fast to keep you motivated. Using walker implementation you can for
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ example:
 -  Modify the Output walker to pretty print the SQL for debugging
   purposes.

-In this cookbook-entry I will show examples of the first two
+In this cookbook-entry I will show examples on the first two
 points. There are probably much more use-cases.

 Generic count query for pagination
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ like:

    SELECT p, c, a FROM BlogPost p JOIN p.category c JOIN p.author a WHERE ...

-Now in this query the blog post is the root entity, meaning it's the
+Now in this query the blog post is the root entity, meaning its the
 one that is hydrated directly from the query and returned as an
 array of blog posts. In contrast the comment and author are loaded
 for deeper use in the object tree.
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ query for pagination would look like:
    SELECT count(DISTINCT p.id) FROM BlogPost p JOIN p.category c JOIN p.author a WHERE ...

 Now you could go and write each of these queries by hand, or you
-can use a tree walker to modify the AST for you. Let's see how the
+can use a tree walker to modify the AST for you. Lets see how the
 API would look for this use-case:

 .. code-block:: php
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ API would look for this use-case:
    $pageNum = 1;
    $query = $em->createQuery($dql);
    $query->setFirstResult( ($pageNum-1) * 20)->setMaxResults(20);
-
+    
    $totalResults = Paginate::count($query);
    $results = $query->getResult();

@@ -101,12 +101,12 @@ The ``Paginate::count(Query $query)`` looks like:
    {
        static public function count(Query $query)
        {
-            /** @var Query $countQuery */
+            /* @var $countQuery Query */
            $countQuery = clone $query;
-
+    
            $countQuery->setHint(Query::HINT_CUSTOM_TREE_WALKERS, array('DoctrineExtensions\Paginate\CountSqlWalker'));
            $countQuery->setFirstResult(null)->setMaxResults(null);
-
+    
            return $countQuery->getSingleScalarResult();
        }
    }
@@ -137,13 +137,13 @@ implementation is:
                    break;
                }
            }
-
+    
            $pathExpression = new PathExpression(
                PathExpression::TYPE_STATE_FIELD | PathExpression::TYPE_SINGLE_VALUED_ASSOCIATION, $parentName,
                $parent['metadata']->getSingleIdentifierFieldName()
            );
            $pathExpression->type = PathExpression::TYPE_STATE_FIELD;
-
+    
            $AST->selectClause->selectExpressions = array(
                new SelectExpression(
                    new AggregateExpression('count', $pathExpression, true), null
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ can be set via ``Query::setHint($name, $value)`` as shown in the
 previous example with the ``HINT_CUSTOM_TREE_WALKERS`` query hint.

 We will implement a custom Output Walker that allows to specify the
-``SQL_NO_CACHE`` query hint.
+SQL\_NO\_CACHE query hint.

 .. code-block:: php

@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ We will implement a custom Output Walker that allows to specify the

 Our ``MysqlWalker`` will extend the default ``SqlWalker``. We will
 modify the generation of the SELECT clause, adding the
-``SQL_NO_CACHE`` on those queries that need it:
+SQL\_NO\_CACHE on those queries that need it:

 .. code-block:: php

@@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ modify the generation of the SELECT clause, adding the
        public function walkSelectClause($selectClause)
        {
            $sql = parent::walkSelectClause($selectClause);
-
+    
            if ($this->getQuery()->getHint('mysqlWalker.sqlNoCache') === true) {
                if ($selectClause->isDistinct) {
                    $sql = str_replace('SELECT DISTINCT', 'SELECT DISTINCT SQL_NO_CACHE', $sql);
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ modify the generation of the SELECT clause, adding the
                    $sql = str_replace('SELECT', 'SELECT SQL_NO_CACHE', $sql);
                }
            }
-
+    
            return $sql;
        }
    }
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ change it during the life of your project. This decision for a
 specific vendor potentially allows you to make use of powerful SQL
 features that are unique to the vendor.

-It is worth to mention that Doctrine ORM also allows you to handwrite
+It is worth to mention that Doctrine 2 also allows you to handwrite
 your SQL instead of extending the DQL parser. Extending DQL is sort of an
 advanced extension point. You can map arbitrary SQL to your objects
 and gain access to vendor specific functionalities using the
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ the :doc:`Native Query <../reference/native-sql>` chapter.
 The DQL Parser has hooks to register functions that can then be
 used in your DQL queries and transformed into SQL, allowing to
 extend Doctrines Query capabilities to the vendors strength. This
-post explains the User-Defined Functions API (UDF) of the Dql
+post explains the Used-Defined Functions API (UDF) of the Dql
 Parser and shows some examples to give you some hints how you would
 extend DQL.

@@ -45,8 +45,8 @@ configuration:
    $config->addCustomStringFunction($name, $class);
    $config->addCustomNumericFunction($name, $class);
    $config->addCustomDatetimeFunction($name, $class);
-
-    $em = new EntityManager($connection, $config);
+    
+    $em = EntityManager::create($dbParams, $config);

 The ``$name`` is the name the function will be referred to in the
 DQL query. ``$class`` is a string of a class-name which has to
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ methods, which are quite handy in my opinion:
 Date Diff
 ---------

-`Mysql's DateDiff function <https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/date-and-time-functions.html#function_datediff>`_
+`Mysql's DateDiff function <http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.1/en/date-and-time-functions.html#function_datediff>`_
 takes two dates as argument and calculates the difference in days
 with ``date1-date2``.

@@ -96,17 +96,17 @@ discuss it step by step:
        // (1)
        public $firstDateExpression = null;
        public $secondDateExpression = null;
-
+    
        public function parse(\Doctrine\ORM\Query\Parser $parser)
        {
-            $parser->match(TokenType::T_IDENTIFIER); // (2)
-            $parser->match(TokenType::T_OPEN_PARENTHESIS); // (3)
+            $parser->match(Lexer::T_IDENTIFIER); // (2)
+            $parser->match(Lexer::T_OPEN_PARENTHESIS); // (3)
            $this->firstDateExpression = $parser->ArithmeticPrimary(); // (4)
-            $parser->match(TokenType::T_COMMA); // (5)
+            $parser->match(Lexer::T_COMMA); // (5)
            $this->secondDateExpression = $parser->ArithmeticPrimary(); // (6)
-            $parser->match(TokenType::T_CLOSE_PARENTHESIS); // (3)
+            $parser->match(Lexer::T_CLOSE_PARENTHESIS); // (3)
        }
-
+    
        public function getSql(\Doctrine\ORM\Query\SqlWalker $sqlWalker)
        {
            return 'DATEDIFF(' .
@@ -131,8 +131,8 @@ generation of a DateDiff FunctionNode somewhere in the AST of the
 dql statement.

 The ``ArithmeticPrimary`` method call is the most common
-denominator of valid EBNF tokens taken from the :ref:`DQL EBNF grammar
-<dql_ebnf_grammar>`
+denominator of valid EBNF tokens taken from the
+`DQL EBNF grammar <http://www.doctrine-project.org/documentation/manual/2_0/en/dql-doctrine-query-language#ebnf>`_
 that matches our requirements for valid input into the DateDiff Dql
 function. Picking the right tokens for your methods is a tricky
 business, but the EBNF grammar is pretty helpful finding it, as is
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ Date Add

 Often useful it the ability to do some simple date calculations in
 your DQL query using
-`MySql's DATE_ADD function <https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/date-and-time-functions.html#function_date-add>`_.
+`MySql's DATE\_ADD function <http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.1/en/date-and-time-functions.html#function_date-add>`_.

 I'll skip the blah and show the code for this function:

@@ -180,28 +180,28 @@ I'll skip the blah and show the code for this function:
        public $firstDateExpression = null;
        public $intervalExpression = null;
        public $unit = null;
-
+    
        public function parse(\Doctrine\ORM\Query\Parser $parser)
        {
-            $parser->match(TokenType::T_IDENTIFIER);
-            $parser->match(TokenType::T_OPEN_PARENTHESIS);
-
+            $parser->match(Lexer::T_IDENTIFIER);
+            $parser->match(Lexer::T_OPEN_PARENTHESIS);
+    
            $this->firstDateExpression = $parser->ArithmeticPrimary();
-
-            $parser->match(TokenType::T_COMMA);
-            $parser->match(TokenType::T_IDENTIFIER);
-
+    
+            $parser->match(Lexer::T_COMMA);
+            $parser->match(Lexer::T_IDENTIFIER);
+    
            $this->intervalExpression = $parser->ArithmeticPrimary();
-
-            $parser->match(TokenType::T_IDENTIFIER);
-
-            /** @var Lexer $lexer */
+    
+            $parser->match(Lexer::T_IDENTIFIER);
+    
+            /* @var $lexer Lexer */
            $lexer = $parser->getLexer();
            $this->unit = $lexer->token['value'];
-
-            $parser->match(TokenType::T_CLOSE_PARENTHESIS);
+    
+            $parser->match(Lexer::T_CLOSE_PARENTHESIS);
        }
-
+    
        public function getSql(\Doctrine\ORM\Query\SqlWalker $sqlWalker)
        {
            return 'DATE_ADD(' .
@@ -232,33 +232,6 @@ vendors SQL parser to show us further errors in the parsing
 process, for example if the Unit would not be one of the supported
 values by MySql.

-Typed functions
---------------
-By default, result of custom functions is fetched as-is from the database driver.
-If you want to be sure that the type is always the same, then your custom function needs to 
-implement ``Doctrine\ORM\Query\AST\TypedExpression``. Then, the result is wired
-through ``Doctrine\DBAL\Types\Type::convertToPhpValue()`` of the ``Type`` returned in ``getReturnType()``.
-
-.. code-block:: php
-
-    <?php
-
-    use Doctrine\DBAL\Types\Type;
-    use Doctrine\DBAL\Types\Types;
-    use Doctrine\ORM\Query\AST\Functions\FunctionNode;
-    use Doctrine\ORM\Query\AST\TypedExpression;
-
-    class DateDiff extends FunctionNode implements TypedExpression
-    {
-        // ...
-
-        public function getReturnType(): Type
-        {
-            return Type::getType(Types::INTEGER);
-        }
-    }
-
-
 Conclusion
 ----------

@@ -267,10 +240,12 @@ functionalities in DQL, we would be excited to see user extensions
 that add vendor specific function packages, for example more math
 functions, XML + GIS Support, Hashing functions and so on.

-For ORM we will come with the current set of functions, however for
+For 2.0 we will come with the current set of functions, however for
 a future version we will re-evaluate if we can abstract even more
 vendor sql functions and extend the DQL languages scope.

 Code for this Extension to DQL and other Doctrine Extensions can be
 found
-`in the GitHub DoctrineExtensions repository <https://github.com/beberlei/DoctrineExtensions>`_.
+`in my Github DoctrineExtensions repository <http://github.com/beberlei/DoctrineExtensions>`_.
+
+
@@ -3,91 +3,66 @@ Entities in the Session

 There are several use-cases to save entities in the session, for example:

-1.  User data
+1.  User object
 2.  Multi-step forms

 To achieve this with Doctrine you have to pay attention to some details to get
 this working.

-Updating an entity
------------------
+Merging entity into an EntityManager
+------------------------------------

 In Doctrine an entity objects has to be "managed" by an EntityManager to be
-updatable. Entities saved into the session are not managed in the next request
-anymore. This means that you have to update the entities with the stored session
-data after you fetch the entities from the EntityManager again.
+updateable. Entities saved into the session are not managed in the next request
+anymore. This means that you have to register these entities with an
+EntityManager again if you want to change them or use them as part of
+references between other entities. You can achieve this by calling
+``EntityManager#merge()``.

-For a representative User object the code to get data from the session into a
-managed Doctrine object can look like these examples:
-
-Working with scalars
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-In simpler applications there is no need to work with objects in sessions and you can use
-separate session elements.
+For a representative User object the code to get turn an instance from
+the session into a managed Doctrine object looks like this:

 .. code-block:: php

    <?php
    require_once 'bootstrap.php';
+    $em = GetEntityManager(); // creates an EntityManager 

    session_start();
-    if (isset($_SESSION['userId']) && is_int($_SESSION['userId'])) {
-        $userId = $_SESSION['userId'];
-
-        $em = GetEntityManager(); // creates an EntityManager
-        $user = $em->find(User::class, $userId);
-
-        $user->setValue($_SESSION['storedValue']);
-
-        $em->flush();
+    if (isset($_SESSION['user']) && $_SESSION['user'] instanceof User) {
+        $user = $_SESSION['user']; 
+        $user = $em->merge($user);
    }

-Working with custom data transfer objects
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+.. note::

-If objects are needed, we discourage the storage of entity objects in the session. It's
-preferable to use a `DTO (data transfer object) <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_transfer_object>`_
-instead and merge the DTO data later with the entity.
-
-.. code-block:: php
-
-    <?php
-    require_once 'bootstrap.php';
-
-    session_start();
-    if (isset($_SESSION['user']) && $_SESSION['user'] instanceof UserDto) {
-        $userDto = $_SESSION['user'];
-
-        $em = GetEntityManager(); // creates an EntityManager
-        $userEntity = $em->find(User::class, $userDto->getId());
-
-        $userEntity->populateFromDto($userDto);
-
-        $em->flush();
-    }
+    A frequent mistake is not to get the merged user object from the return
+    value of ``EntityManager#merge()``. The entity object passed to merge is
+    not necessarily the same object that is returned from the method.

 Serializing entity into the session
 -----------------------------------

 Entities that are serialized into the session normally contain references to
-other entities as well. Think of the user entity has a reference to their
+other entities as well. Think of the user entity has a reference to his
 articles, groups, photos or many other different entities. If you serialize
 this object into the session then you don't want to serialize the related
-entities as well. This is why you shouldn't serialize an entity and use
-only the needed values of it. This can happen with the help of a DTO.
+entities as well. This is why you should call ``EntityManager#detach()`` on this
+object or implement the __sleep() magic method on your entity.

 .. code-block:: php

    <?php
    require_once 'bootstrap.php';
-
    $em = GetEntityManager(); // creates an EntityManager 

    $user = $em->find("User", 1);
-    $userDto = new UserDto($user->getId(), $user->getFirstName(), $user->getLastName());
-    // or "UserDto::createFrom($user);", but don't store an entity in a property. Only its values without relations.
+    $em->detach($user);
+    $_SESSION['user'] = $user;

-    $_SESSION['user'] = $userDto;
+.. note::

+    When you called detach on your objects they get "unmanaged" with that
+    entity manager. This means you cannot use them as part of write operations
+    during ``EntityManager#flush()`` anymore in this request.

@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 Implementing ArrayAccess for Domain Objects
 ===========================================

-.. sectionauthor:: Roman Borschel <roman@code-factory.org>
+.. sectionauthor:: Roman Borschel (roman@code-factory.org)

 This recipe will show you how to implement ArrayAccess for your
 domain objects in order to allow more uniform access, for example
 in templates. In these examples we will implement ArrayAccess on a
-`Layer Supertype <https://martinfowler.com/eaaCatalog/layerSupertype.html>`_
+`Layer Supertype <http://martinfowler.com/eaaCatalog/layerSupertype.html>`_
 for all our domain objects.

 Option 1
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+Implementing the Notify ChangeTracking Policy
+=============================================
+
+.. sectionauthor:: Roman Borschel (roman@code-factory.org)
+
+The NOTIFY change-tracking policy is the most effective
+change-tracking policy provided by Doctrine but it requires some
+boilerplate code. This recipe will show you how this boilerplate
+code should look like. We will implement it on a
+`Layer Supertype <http://martinfowler.com/eaaCatalog/layerSupertype.html>`_
+for all our domain objects.
+
+Implementing NotifyPropertyChanged
+----------------------------------
+
+The NOTIFY policy is based on the assumption that the entities
+notify interested listeners of changes to their properties. For
+that purpose, a class that wants to use this policy needs to
+implement the ``NotifyPropertyChanged`` interface from the
+``Doctrine\Common`` namespace.
+
+.. code-block:: php
+
+    <?php
+    use Doctrine\Common\NotifyPropertyChanged;
+    use Doctrine\Common\PropertyChangedListener;
+    
+    abstract class DomainObject implements NotifyPropertyChanged
+    {
+        private $listeners = array();
+    
+        public function addPropertyChangedListener(PropertyChangedListener $listener) {
+            $this->listeners[] = $listener;
+        }
+    
+        /** Notifies listeners of a change. */
+        protected function onPropertyChanged($propName, $oldValue, $newValue) {
+            if ($this->listeners) {
+                foreach ($this->listeners as $listener) {
+                    $listener->propertyChanged($this, $propName, $oldValue, $newValue);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+Then, in each property setter of concrete, derived domain classes,
+you need to invoke onPropertyChanged as follows to notify
+listeners:
+
+.. code-block:: php
+
+    <?php
+    // Mapping not shown, either in annotations, xml or yaml as usual
+    class MyEntity extends DomainObject
+    {
+        private $data;
+        // ... other fields as usual
+    
+        public function setData($data) {
+            if ($data != $this->data) { // check: is it actually modified?
+                $this->onPropertyChanged('data', $this->data, $data);
+                $this->data = $data;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+The check whether the new value is different from the old one is
+not mandatory but recommended. That way you can avoid unnecessary
+updates and also have full control over when you consider a
+property changed.
+
+
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+Implementing Wakeup or Clone
+============================
+
+.. sectionauthor:: Roman Borschel (roman@code-factory.org)
+
+As explained in the
+`restrictions for entity classes in the manual <http://www.doctrine-project.org/documentation/manual/2_0/en/architecture#entities>`_,
+it is usually not allowed for an entity to implement ``__wakeup``
+or ``__clone``, because Doctrine makes special use of them.
+However, it is quite easy to make use of these methods in a safe
+way by guarding the custom wakeup or clone code with an entity
+identity check, as demonstrated in the following sections.
+
+Safely implementing \_\_wakeup
+------------------------------
+
+To safely implement ``__wakeup``, simply enclose your
+implementation code in an identity check as follows:
+
+.. code-block:: php
+
+    <?php
+    class MyEntity
+    {
+        private $id; // This is the identifier of the entity.
+        //...
+    
+        public function __wakeup()
+        {
+            // If the entity has an identity, proceed as normal.
+            if ($this->id) {
+                // ... Your code here as normal ...
+            }
+            // otherwise do nothing, do NOT throw an exception!
+        }
+    
+        //...
+    }
+
+Safely implementing \_\_clone
+-----------------------------
+
+Safely implementing ``__clone`` is pretty much the same:
+
+.. code-block:: php
+
+    <?php
+    class MyEntity
+    {
+        private $id; // This is the identifier of the entity.
+        //...
+    
+        public function __clone()
+        {
+            // If the entity has an identity, proceed as normal.
+            if ($this->id) {
+                // ... Your code here as normal ...
+            }
+            // otherwise do nothing, do NOT throw an exception!
+        }
+    
+        //...
+    }
+
+Summary
+-------
+
+As you have seen, it is quite easy to safely make use of
+``__wakeup`` and ``__clone`` in your entities without adding any
+really Doctrine-specific or Doctrine-dependant code.
+
+These implementations are possible and safe because when Doctrine
+invokes these methods, the entities never have an identity (yet).
+Furthermore, it is possibly a good idea to check for the identity
+in your code anyway, since it's rarely the case that you want to
+unserialize or clone an entity with no identity.
+
+
@@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
+Integrating with CodeIgniter
+============================
+
+This is recipe for using Doctrine 2 in your
+`CodeIgniter <http://www.codeigniter.com>`_ framework.
+
+.. note::
+
+    This might not work for all CodeIgniter versions and may require
+    slight adjustments.
+
+
+Here is how to set it up:
+
+Make a CodeIgniter library that is both a wrapper and a bootstrap
+for Doctrine 2.
+
+Setting up the file structure
+-----------------------------
+
+Here are the steps:
+
+
+-  Add a php file to your system/application/libraries folder
+   called Doctrine.php. This is going to be your wrapper/bootstrap for
+   the D2 entity manager.
+-  Put the Doctrine folder (the one that contains Common, DBAL, and
+   ORM) inside that same libraries folder.
+-  Your system/application/libraries folder now looks like this:
+
+   system/applications/libraries -Doctrine -Doctrine.php -index.html
+
+-  If you want, open your config/autoload.php file and autoload
+   your Doctrine library.
+
+   <?php $autoload['libraries'] = array('doctrine');
+
+
+Creating your Doctrine CodeIgniter library
+------------------------------------------
+
+Now, here is what your Doctrine.php file should look like.
+Customize it to your needs.
+
+.. code-block:: php
+
+    <?php
+    use Doctrine\Common\ClassLoader,
+        Doctrine\ORM\Configuration,
+        Doctrine\ORM\EntityManager,
+        Doctrine\Common\Cache\ArrayCache,
+        Doctrine\DBAL\Logging\EchoSQLLogger;
+    
+    class Doctrine {
+    
+      public $em = null;
+    
+      public function __construct()
+      {
+        // load database configuration from CodeIgniter
+        require_once APPPATH.'config/database.php';
+    
+        // Set up class loading. You could use different autoloaders, provided by your favorite framework,
+        // if you want to.
+        require_once APPPATH.'libraries/Doctrine/Common/ClassLoader.php';
+    
+        $doctrineClassLoader = new ClassLoader('Doctrine',  APPPATH.'libraries');
+        $doctrineClassLoader->register();
+        $entitiesClassLoader = new ClassLoader('models', rtrim(APPPATH, "/" ));
+        $entitiesClassLoader->register();
+        $proxiesClassLoader = new ClassLoader('Proxies', APPPATH.'models/proxies');
+        $proxiesClassLoader->register();
+    
+        // Set up caches
+        $config = new Configuration;
+        $cache = new ArrayCache;
+        $config->setMetadataCacheImpl($cache);
+        $driverImpl = $config->newDefaultAnnotationDriver(array(APPPATH.'models/Entities'));
+        $config->setMetadataDriverImpl($driverImpl);
+        $config->setQueryCacheImpl($cache);
+
+        $config->setQueryCacheImpl($cache);
+    
+        // Proxy configuration
+        $config->setProxyDir(APPPATH.'/models/proxies');
+        $config->setProxyNamespace('Proxies');
+    
+        // Set up logger
+        $logger = new EchoSQLLogger;
+        $config->setSQLLogger($logger);
+    
+        $config->setAutoGenerateProxyClasses( TRUE );
+    
+        // Database connection information
+        $connectionOptions = array(
+            'driver' => 'pdo_mysql',
+            'user' =>     $db['default']['username'],
+            'password' => $db['default']['password'],
+            'host' =>     $db['default']['hostname'],
+            'dbname' =>   $db['default']['database']
+        );
+    
+        // Create EntityManager
+        $this->em = EntityManager::create($connectionOptions, $config);
+      }
+    }
+
+Please note that this is a development configuration; for a
+production system you'll want to use a real caching system like
+APC, get rid of EchoSqlLogger, and turn off
+autoGenerateProxyClasses.
+
+For more details, consult the
+`Doctrine 2 Configuration documentation <http://www.doctrine-project.org/documentation/manual/2_0/en/configuration#configuration-options>`_.
+
+Now to use it
+-------------
+
+Whenever you need a reference to the entity manager inside one of
+your controllers, views, or models you can do this:
+
+.. code-block:: php
+
+    <?php
+    $em = $this->doctrine->em;
+
+That's all there is to it. Once you get the reference to your
+EntityManager do your Doctrine 2.0 voodoo as normal.
+
+Note: If you do not choose to autoload the Doctrine library, you
+will need to put this line before you get a reference to it:
+
+.. code-block:: php
+
+    <?php
+    $this->load->library('doctrine');
+
+Good luck!
+
+
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 Mysql Enums
 ===========

-The type system of Doctrine ORM consists of flyweights, which means there is only
+The type system of Doctrine 2 consists of flyweights, which means there is only
 one instance of any given type. Additionally types do not contain state. Both
 assumptions make it rather complicated to work with the Enum Type of MySQL that
 is used quite a lot by developers.

-When using Enums with a non-tweaked Doctrine ORM application you will get
+When using Enums with a non-tweaked Doctrine 2 application you will get
 errors from the Schema-Tool commands due to the unknown database type "enum".
 By default Doctrine does not map the MySQL enum type to a Doctrine type.
 This is because Enums contain state (their allowed values) and Doctrine
@@ -43,13 +43,13 @@ entities:
 .. code-block:: php

    <?php
-    #[Entity]
+    /** @Entity */
    class Article
    {
        const STATUS_VISIBLE = 'visible';
        const STATUS_INVISIBLE = 'invisible';

-        #[Column(type: "string")]
+        /** @Column(type="string") */
        private $status;

        public function setStatus($status)
@@ -67,10 +67,10 @@ the **columnDefinition** attribute.
 .. code-block:: php

    <?php
-    #[Entity]
+    /** @Entity */
    class Article
    {
-        #[Column(type: "string", columnDefinition: "ENUM('visible', 'invisible')")]
+        /** @Column(type="string", columnDefinition="ENUM('visible', 'invisible')") */
        private $status;
    }

@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ For example for the previous enum type:

        public function getSQLDeclaration(array $fieldDeclaration, AbstractPlatform $platform)
        {
-            return "ENUM('visible', 'invisible')";
+            return "ENUM('visible', 'invisible') COMMENT '(DC2Type:enumvisibility)'";
        }

        public function convertToPHPValue($value, AbstractPlatform $platform)
@@ -118,11 +118,6 @@ For example for the previous enum type:
        {
            return self::ENUM_VISIBILITY;
        }
-
-        public function requiresSQLCommentHint(AbstractPlatform $platform)
-        {
-            return true;
-        }
    }

 You can register this type with ``Type::addType('enumvisibility', 'MyProject\DBAL\EnumVisibilityType');``.
@@ -131,10 +126,10 @@ Then in your entity you can just use this type:
 .. code-block:: php

    <?php
-    #[Entity]
+    /** @Entity */
    class Article
    {
-        #[Column(type: "enumvisibility")]
+        /** @Column(type="enumvisibility") */
        private $status;
    }

@@ -157,7 +152,7 @@ You can generalize this approach easily to create a base class for enums:
        {
            $values = array_map(function($val) { return "'".$val."'"; }, $this->values);

-            return "ENUM(".implode(", ", $values).")";
+            return "ENUM(".implode(", ", $values).") COMMENT '(DC2Type:".$this->name.")'";
        }

        public function convertToPHPValue($value, AbstractPlatform $platform)
@@ -177,11 +172,6 @@ You can generalize this approach easily to create a base class for enums:
        {
            return $this->name;
        }
-
-        public function requiresSQLCommentHint(AbstractPlatform $platform)
-        {
-            return true;
-        }
    }

 With this base class you can define an enum as easily as:
@@ -196,3 +186,4 @@ With this base class you can define an enum as easily as:
        protected $name = 'enumvisibility';
        protected $values = array('visible', 'invisible');
    }
+
@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
 Keeping your Modules independent
 =================================

+.. versionadded:: 2.2
+
 One of the goals of using modules is to create discrete units of functionality
 that do not have many (if any) dependencies, allowing you to use that
 functionality in other applications without including unnecessary items.

-Doctrine ORM includes a new utility called the ``ResolveTargetEntityListener``,
+Doctrine 2.2 includes a new utility called the ``ResolveTargetEntityListener``,
 that functions by intercepting certain calls inside Doctrine and rewrite
 targetEntity parameters in your metadata mapping at runtime. It means that
 in your bundle you are able to use an interface or abstract class in your
@@ -47,8 +49,10 @@ A Customer entity
    use Acme\CustomerModule\Entity\Customer as BaseCustomer;
    use Acme\InvoiceModule\Model\InvoiceSubjectInterface;

-    #[ORM\Entity]
-    #[ORM\Table(name: 'customer')]
+    /**
+     * @ORM\Entity
+     * @ORM\Table(name="customer")
+     */
    class Customer extends BaseCustomer implements InvoiceSubjectInterface
    {
        // In our example, any methods defined in the InvoiceSubjectInterface
@@ -67,12 +71,19 @@ An Invoice entity
    use Doctrine\ORM\Mapping AS ORM;
    use Acme\InvoiceModule\Model\InvoiceSubjectInterface;

-    #[ORM\Entity]
-    #[ORM\Table(name: 'invoice')]
+    /**
+     * Represents an Invoice.
+     *
+     * @ORM\Entity
+     * @ORM\Table(name="invoice")
+     */
    class Invoice
    {
-        #[ORM\ManyToOne(targetEntity: InvoiceSubjectInterface::class)]
-        protected InvoiceSubjectInterface $subject;
+        /**
+         * @ORM\ManyToOne(targetEntity="Acme\InvoiceModule\Model\InvoiceSubjectInterface")
+         * @var InvoiceSubjectInterface
+         */
+        protected $subject;
    }

 An InvoiceSubjectInterface
@@ -118,8 +129,7 @@ the targetEntity resolution will occur reliably:
    // Add the ResolveTargetEntityListener
    $evm->addEventListener(Doctrine\ORM\Events::loadClassMetadata, $rtel);

-    $connection = \Doctrine\DBAL\DriverManager::getConnection($connectionOptions, $config, $evm);
-    $em = new \Doctrine\ORM\EntityManager($connection, $config, $evm);
+    $em = \Doctrine\ORM\EntityManager::create($connectionOptions, $config, $evm);

 Final Thoughts
 --------------
@@ -128,3 +138,5 @@ With the ``ResolveTargetEntityListener``, we are able to decouple our
 bundles, keeping them usable by themselves, but still being able to
 define relationships between different objects. By using this method,
 I've found my bundles end up being easier to maintain independently.
+
+
@@ -41,13 +41,11 @@ appropriate autoloaders.
            $classMetadata = $eventArgs->getClassMetadata();

            if (!$classMetadata->isInheritanceTypeSingleTable() || $classMetadata->getName() === $classMetadata->rootEntityName) {
-                $classMetadata->setPrimaryTable([
-                    'name' => $this->prefix . $classMetadata->getTableName()
-                ]);
+                $classMetadata->setTableName($this->prefix . $classMetadata->getTableName());
            }

            foreach ($classMetadata->getAssociationMappings() as $fieldName => $mapping) {
-                if ($mapping['type'] == \Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\ClassMetadata::MANY_TO_MANY && $mapping['isOwningSide']) {
+                if ($mapping['type'] == \Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\ClassMetadataInfo::MANY_TO_MANY && $mapping['isOwningSide']) {
                    $mappedTableName = $mapping['joinTable']['name'];
                    $classMetadata->associationMappings[$fieldName]['joinTable']['name'] = $this->prefix . $mappedTableName;
                }
@@ -81,4 +79,6 @@ before the prefix has been set.
    $tablePrefix = new \DoctrineExtensions\TablePrefix('prefix_');
    $evm->addEventListener(\Doctrine\ORM\Events::loadClassMetadata, $tablePrefix);
    
-    $em = new \Doctrine\ORM\EntityManager($connection, $config, $evm);
+    $em = \Doctrine\ORM\EntityManager::create($connectionOptions, $config, $evm);
+
+
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ Strategy-Pattern

 This recipe will give you a short introduction on how to design
 similar entities without using expensive (i.e. slow) inheritance
-but with not more than *the well-known strategy pattern* event
+but with not more than \* the well-known strategy pattern \* event
 listeners

 Scenario / Problem
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ highly uncomfortable because of the following:
   every panel-type? This wouldn't be flexible. You might be tempted
   to add an AbstractPanelEntity and an AbstractBlockEntity that use
   class inheritance. Your page could then only confer to the
-   AbstractPanelType and Doctrine ORM would do the rest for you, i.e.
+   AbstractPanelType and Doctrine 2 would do the rest for you, i.e.
   load the right entities. But - you'll for sure have lots of panels
   and blocks, and even worse, you'd have to edit the discriminator
   map *manually* every time you or another developer implements a new
@@ -87,12 +87,12 @@ Such an interface could look like this:
         * @return \Zend_View_Helper_Interface
         */
        public function setView(\Zend_View_Interface $view);
-
+   
        /**
         * @return \Zend_View_Interface
         */
        public function getView();
-
+   
        /**
         * Renders this strategy. This method will be called when the user
         * displays the site.
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ Such an interface could look like this:
         * @return string
         */
        public function renderFrontend();
-
+   
        /**
         * Renders the backend of this block. This method will be called when
         * a user tries to reconfigure this block instance.
@@ -118,21 +118,21 @@ Such an interface could look like this:
         * @return array
         */
        public function getRequiredPanelTypes();
-
+   
        /**
         * Determines whether a Block is able to use a given type or not
         * @param string $typeName The typename
         * @return boolean
         */
        public function canUsePanelType($typeName);
-
+   
        public function setBlockEntity(AbstractBlock $block);

        public function getBlockEntity();
    }
-
+   
 As you can see, we have a method "setBlockEntity" which ties a potential strategy to an object of type AbstractBlock. This type will simply define the basic behaviour of our blocks and could potentially look something like this:
-
+   
 .. code-block:: php

    <?php
@@ -152,16 +152,16 @@ As you can see, we have a method "setBlockEntity" which ties a potential strateg

        /**
         * This var contains the classname of the strategy
-         * that is used for this blockitem. (This string (!) value will be persisted by Doctrine ORM)
+         * that is used for this blockitem. (This string (!) value will be persisted by Doctrine 2)
         *
-         * This is a doctrine field, so make sure that you use a
-           #[Column] attribute or setup your xml files correctly
+         * This is a doctrine field, so make sure that you use an @column annotation or setup your
+         * yaml or xml files correctly
         * @var string
         */
        protected $strategyClassName;

        /**
-         * This var contains an instance of $this->blockStrategy. Will not be persisted by Doctrine ORM.
+         * This var contains an instance of $this->blockStrategy. Will not be persisted by Doctrine 2.
         *
         * @var BlockStrategyInterface
         */
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ As you can see, we have a method "setBlockEntity" which ties a potential strateg
        public function getStrategyClassName() {
            return $this->strategyClassName;
        }
-
+    
        /**
         * Returns the instantiated strategy
         *
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ As you can see, we have a method "setBlockEntity" which ties a potential strateg
        public function getStrategyInstance() {
            return $this->strategyInstance;
        }
-
+    
        /**
         * Sets the strategy this block / panel should work as. Make sure that you've used
         * this method before persisting the block!
@@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ As you can see, we have a method "setBlockEntity" which ties a potential strateg
            $strategy->setBlockEntity($this);
        }

-Now, the important point is that $strategyClassName is a Doctrine ORM
+Now, the important point is that $strategyClassName is a Doctrine 2
 field, i.e. Doctrine will persist this value. This is only the
 class name of your strategy and not an instance!

@@ -213,29 +213,28 @@ This might look like this:
 .. code-block:: php

    <?php
-    use Doctrine\Common\EventSubscriber;
-    use Doctrine\ORM\Event\LifecycleEventArgs;
-    use Doctrine\ORM\Events;
-
+    use \Doctrine\ORM,
+        \Doctrine\Common;
+    
    /**
     * The BlockStrategyEventListener will initialize a strategy after the
     * block itself was loaded.
     */
-    class BlockStrategyEventListener implements EventSubscriber {
-
+    class BlockStrategyEventListener implements Common\EventSubscriber {
+    
        protected $view;
-
+    
        public function __construct(\Zend_View_Interface $view) {
            $this->view = $view;
        }
-
+    
        public function getSubscribedEvents() {
-           return array(Events::postLoad);
+           return array(ORM\Events::postLoad);
        }
-
-        public function postLoad(LifecycleEventArgs $args) {
-            $blockItem = $args->getObject();
-
+    
+        public function postLoad(ORM\Event\LifecycleEventArgs $args) {
+            $blockItem = $args->getEntity();
+    
            // Both blocks and panels are instances of Block\AbstractBlock
            if ($blockItem instanceof Block\AbstractBlock) {
                $strategy  = $blockItem->getStrategyClassName();
@@ -251,3 +250,5 @@ This might look like this:

 In this example, even some variables are set - like a view object
 or a specific configuration object.
+
+
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ Validation of Entities

 .. sectionauthor:: Benjamin Eberlei <kontakt@beberlei.de>

-Doctrine ORM does not ship with any internal validators, the reason
+Doctrine 2 does not ship with any internal validators, the reason
 being that we think all the frameworks out there already ship with
 quite decent ones that can be integrated into your Domain easily.
 What we offer are hooks to execute any kind of validation.
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ What we offer are hooks to execute any kind of validation.
 .. note::

    You don't need to validate your entities in the lifecycle
-    events. It is only one of many options. Of course you can also
+    events. Its only one of many options. Of course you can also
    perform validations in value setters or any other method of your
    entities that are used in your code.

@@ -25,8 +25,8 @@ the additional benefit of being able to re-use your validation in
 any other part of your domain.

 Say we have an ``Order`` with several ``OrderLine`` instances. We
-never want to allow any customer to order for a larger sum than they
-are allowed to:
+never want to allow any customer to order for a larger sum than he
+is allowed to:

 .. code-block:: php

@@ -36,12 +36,12 @@ are allowed to:
        public function assertCustomerAllowedBuying()
        {
            $orderLimit = $this->customer->getOrderLimit();
-
+    
            $amount = 0;
            foreach ($this->orderLines as $line) {
                $amount += $line->getAmount();
            }
-
+    
            if ($amount > $orderLimit) {
                throw new CustomerOrderLimitExceededException();
            }
@@ -53,21 +53,20 @@ code, enforcing it at any time is important so that customers with
 a unknown reputation don't owe your business too much money.

 We can enforce this constraint in any of the metadata drivers.
-First Attributes:
+First Annotations:

 .. code-block:: php

    <?php
-    use Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\Entity;
-    use Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\HasLifecycleCallbacks;
-    use Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\PrePersist;
-    use Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\PreUpdate;
-
-    #[Entity]
-    #[HasLifecycleCallbacks]
+    /**
+     * @Entity
+     * @HasLifecycleCallbacks
+     */
    class Order
    {
-        #[PrePersist, PreUpdate]
+        /**
+         * @PrePersist @PreUpdate
+         */
        public function assertCustomerAllowedBuying() {}
    }

@@ -84,10 +83,13 @@ In XML Mappings:
        </entity>
    </doctrine-mapping>

+YAML needs some little change yet, to allow multiple lifecycle
+events for one method, this will happen before Beta 1 though.
+
 Now validation is performed whenever you call
 ``EntityManager#persist($order)`` or when you call
 ``EntityManager#flush()`` and an order is about to be updated. Any
-Exception that happens in the lifecycle callbacks will be caught by
+Exception that happens in the lifecycle callbacks will be cached by
 the EntityManager and the current transaction is rolled back.

 Of course you can do any type of primitive checks, not null,
@@ -99,17 +101,19 @@ validation callbacks.
    <?php
    class Order
    {
-        #[PrePersist, PreUpdate]
+        /**
+         * @PrePersist @PreUpdate
+         */
        public function validate()
        {
            if (!($this->plannedShipDate instanceof DateTime)) {
                throw new ValidateException();
            }
-
+    
            if ($this->plannedShipDate->format('U') < time()) {
                throw new ValidateException();
            }
-
+    
            if ($this->customer == null) {
                throw new OrderRequiresCustomerException();
            }
@@ -130,4 +134,4 @@ instances. This was already discussed in the previous blog post on
 the Versionable extension, which requires another type of event
 called "onFlush".

-Further readings: :ref:`reference-events-lifecycle-events`
+Further readings: :doc:`Lifecycle Events <../reference/events>`
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 Working with DateTime Instances
 ===============================

-There are many nitty gritty details when working with PHPs DateTime instances. You have to know their inner
+There are many nitty gritty details when working with PHPs DateTime instances. You have know their inner
 workings pretty well not to make mistakes with date handling. This cookbook entry holds several
-interesting pieces of information on how to work with PHP DateTime instances in ORM.
+interesting pieces of information on how to work with PHP DateTime instances in Doctrine 2.

 DateTime changes are detected by Reference
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
@@ -15,16 +15,13 @@ these comparisons are always made **BY REFERENCE**. That means the following cha
 .. code-block:: php

    <?php
-
-    use DateTime;
-
-    #[Entity]
+    /** @Entity */
    class Article
    {
-        #[Column(type: 'datetime')]
-        private DateTime $updated;
+        /** @Column(type="datetime") */
+        private $updated;

-        public function setUpdated(): void
+        public function setUpdated()
        {
            // will NOT be saved in the database
            $this->updated->modify("now");
@@ -36,14 +33,12 @@ The way to go would be:
 .. code-block:: php

    <?php
-    use DateTime;
-
    class Article
    {
-        public function setUpdated(): void
+        public function setUpdated()
        {
            // WILL be saved in the database
-            $this->updated = new DateTime("now");
+            $this->updated = new \DateTime("now");
        }
    }

@@ -54,25 +49,24 @@ By default Doctrine assumes that you are working with a default timezone. Each D
 is created by Doctrine will be assigned the timezone that is currently the default, either through
 the ``date.timezone`` ini setting or by calling ``date_default_timezone_set()``.

-This is very important to handle correctly if your application runs on different servers or is moved from one to another server
+This is very important to handle correctly if your application runs on different serves or is moved from one to another server
 (with different timezone settings). You have to make sure that the timezone is the correct one
 on all this systems.

 Handling different Timezones with the DateTime Type
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

-If you first come across the requirement to save different timezones you may be still optimistic about how
-to manage this mess,
-however let me crush your expectations fast. There is not a single database out there (supported by Doctrine ORM)
+If you first come across the requirement to save different you are still optimistic to manage this mess,
+however let me crush your expectations fast. There is not a single database out there (supported by Doctrine 2)
 that supports timezones correctly. Correctly here means that you can cover all the use-cases that
 can come up with timezones. If you don't believe me you should read up on `Storing DateTime
-in Databases <https://derickrethans.nl/storing-date-time-in-database.html>`_.
+in Databases <http://derickrethans.nl/storing-date-time-in-database.html>`_.

 The problem is simple. Not a single database vendor saves the timezone, only the differences to UTC.
 However with frequent daylight saving and political timezone changes you can have a UTC offset that moves
 in different offset directions depending on the real location.

-The solution for this dilemma is simple. Don't use timezones with DateTime and Doctrine ORM. However there is a workaround
+The solution for this dilemma is simple. Don't use timezones with DateTime and Doctrine 2. However there is a workaround
 that even allows correct date-time handling with timezones:

 1. Always convert any DateTime instance to UTC.
@@ -89,71 +83,45 @@ the UTC time at the time of the booking and the timezone the event happened in.

    namespace DoctrineExtensions\DBAL\Types;

-    use DateTimeZone;
    use Doctrine\DBAL\Platforms\AbstractPlatform;
    use Doctrine\DBAL\Types\ConversionException;
-    use Doctrine\DBAL\Types\DateTimeType;

    class UTCDateTimeType extends DateTimeType
    {
-        private static DateTimeZone $utc;
+        static private $utc = null;

        public function convertToDatabaseValue($value, AbstractPlatform $platform)
        {
-            if ($value instanceof \DateTime) {
-                $value->setTimezone(self::getUtc());
+            if ($value === null) {
+                return null;
            }

-            return parent::convertToDatabaseValue($value, $platform);
+
+            return $value->format($platform->getDateTimeFormatString(),
+                (self::$utc) ? self::$utc : (self::$utc = new \DateTimeZone('UTC'))
+            );
        }

        public function convertToPHPValue($value, AbstractPlatform $platform)
        {
-            if (null === $value || $value instanceof \DateTime) {
-                return $value;
+            if ($value === null) {
+                return null;
            }

-            $converted = \DateTime::createFromFormat(
+            $val = \DateTime::createFromFormat(
                $platform->getDateTimeFormatString(),
                $value,
-                self::getUtc()
+                (self::$utc) ? self::$utc : (self::$utc = new \DateTimeZone('UTC'))
            );
-
-            if (! $converted) {
-                throw ConversionException::conversionFailedFormat(
-                    $value,
-                    $this->getName(),
-                    $platform->getDateTimeFormatString()
-                );
+            if (!$val) {
+                throw ConversionException::conversionFailed($value, $this->getName());
            }
-
-            return $converted;
-        }
-
-        private static function getUtc(): DateTimeZone
-        {
-            return self::$utc ??= new DateTimeZone('UTC');
+            return $val;
        }
    }

 This database type makes sure that every DateTime instance is always saved in UTC, relative
-to the current timezone that the passed DateTime instance has.
-
-To actually use this new type instead of the default ``datetime`` type, you need to run following
-code before bootstrapping the ORM:
-
-.. code-block:: php
-
-    <?php
-
-    use Doctrine\DBAL\Types\Type;
-    use DoctrineExtensions\DBAL\Types\UTCDateTimeType;
-
-    Type::overrideType('datetime', UTCDateTimeType::class);
-    Type::overrideType('datetimetz', UTCDateTimeType::class);
-
-
-To be able to transform these values
+to the current timezone that the passed DateTime instance has. To be able to transform these values
 back into their real timezone you have to save the timezone in a separate field of the entity
 requiring timezoned datetimes:

@@ -162,13 +130,15 @@ requiring timezoned datetimes:
    <?php
    namespace Shipping;

-     #[Entity]
+    /**
+     * @Entity
+     */
    class Event
    {
-        #[Column(type: 'datetime')]
+        /** @Column(type="datetime") */
        private $created;

-        #[Column(type: 'string')]
+        /** @Column(type="string") */
        private $timezone;

        /**
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-Welcome to Doctrine ORM's documentation!
+Welcome to Doctrine 2 ORM's documentation!
 ==========================================

 The Doctrine documentation is comprised of tutorials, a reference section and
@@ -13,13 +13,14 @@ If this documentation is not helping to answer questions you have about
 Doctrine ORM don't panic. You can get help from different sources:

 -  There is a :doc:`FAQ <reference/faq>` with answers to frequent questions.
-  The `Doctrine Mailing List <https://groups.google.com/group/doctrine-user>`_
-  Slack chat room `#orm <https://www.doctrine-project.org/slack>`_
-  Report a bug on `GitHub <https://github.com/doctrine/orm/issues>`_.
-  On `StackOverflow <https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/doctrine-orm>`_
+-  The `Doctrine Mailing List <http://groups.google.com/group/doctrine-user>`_
+-  Internet Relay Chat (IRC) in #doctrine on Freenode
+-  Report a bug on `JIRA <http://www.doctrine-project.org/jira>`_.
+-  On `Twitter <https://twitter.com/search/%23doctrine2>`_ with ``#doctrine2``
+-  On `StackOverflow <http://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/doctrine2>`_

-If you need more structure over the different topics you can browse the table
-of contents.
+If you need more structure over the different topics you can browse the :doc:`table
+of contents <toc>`.

 Getting Started
 ---------------
@@ -34,30 +35,31 @@ Mapping Objects onto a Database
 -------------------------------

 * **Mapping**:
-  :doc:`Objects <reference/basic-mapping>` \|
-  :doc:`Associations <reference/association-mapping>` \|
+  :doc:`Objects <reference/basic-mapping>` |
+  :doc:`Associations <reference/association-mapping>` |
  :doc:`Inheritance <reference/inheritance-mapping>`

 * **Drivers**:
-  :doc:`Attributes <reference/attributes-reference>` \|
-  :doc:`XML <reference/xml-mapping>` \|
+  :doc:`Docblock Annotations <reference/annotations-reference>` |
+  :doc:`XML <reference/xml-mapping>` |
+  :doc:`YAML <reference/yaml-mapping>` |
  :doc:`PHP <reference/php-mapping>`

 Working with Objects
 --------------------

 * **Basic Reference**:
-  :doc:`Entities <reference/working-with-objects>` \|
-  :doc:`Associations <reference/working-with-associations>` \|
+  :doc:`Entities <reference/working-with-objects>` |
+  :doc:`Associations <reference/working-with-associations>` |
  :doc:`Events <reference/events>`

 * **Query Reference**:
-  :doc:`DQL <reference/dql-doctrine-query-language>` \|
-  :doc:`QueryBuilder <reference/query-builder>` \|
+  :doc:`DQL <reference/dql-doctrine-query-language>` |
+  :doc:`QueryBuilder <reference/query-builder>` |
  :doc:`Native SQL <reference/native-sql>`

 * **Internals**:
-  :doc:`Internals explained <reference/unitofwork>` \|
+  :doc:`Internals explained <reference/unitofwork>` |
  :doc:`Associations <reference/unitofwork-associations>`

 Advanced Topics
@@ -70,11 +72,9 @@ Advanced Topics
 * :doc:`Transactions and Concurrency <reference/transactions-and-concurrency>`
 * :doc:`Filters <reference/filters>`
 * :doc:`NamingStrategy <reference/namingstrategy>`
-* :doc:`TypedFieldMapper <reference/typedfieldmapper>`
-* :doc:`Improving Performance <reference/improving-performance>`
-* :doc:`Caching <reference/caching>`
-* :doc:`Partial Hydration <reference/partial-hydration>`
-* :doc:`Partial Objects <reference/partial-objects>`
+* :doc:`Improving Performance <reference/improving-performance>` 
+* :doc:`Caching <reference/caching>` 
+* :doc:`Partial Objects <reference/partial-objects>` 
 * :doc:`Change Tracking Policies <reference/change-tracking-policies>`
 * :doc:`Best Practices <reference/best-practices>`
 * :doc:`Metadata Drivers <reference/metadata-drivers>`
@@ -95,30 +95,37 @@ Tutorials
 Changelogs
 ----------

-* `Upgrade <https://github.com/doctrine/orm/blob/HEAD/UPGRADE.md>`_
+* :doc:`Migration to 2.5 <changelog/migration_2_5>`

 Cookbook
 --------

 * **Patterns**:
-  :doc:`Aggregate Fields <cookbook/aggregate-fields>` \|
-  :doc:`Decorator Pattern <cookbook/decorator-pattern>` \|
-  :doc:`Strategy Pattern <cookbook/strategy-cookbook-introduction>`
+  :doc:`Aggregate Fields <cookbook/aggregate-fields>` |
+  :doc:`Decorator Pattern <cookbook/decorator-pattern>` |
+  :doc:`Strategy Pattern <cookbook/strategy-cookbook-introduction>` 

 * **DQL Extension Points**:
-  :doc:`DQL Custom Walkers <cookbook/dql-custom-walkers>` \|
+  :doc:`DQL Custom Walkers <cookbook/dql-custom-walkers>` |
  :doc:`DQL User-Defined-Functions <cookbook/dql-user-defined-functions>`

 * **Implementation**:
-  :doc:`Array Access <cookbook/implementing-arrayaccess-for-domain-objects>` \|
-  :doc:`Working with DateTime <cookbook/working-with-datetime>` \|
-  :doc:`Validation <cookbook/validation-of-entities>` \|
-  :doc:`Entities in the Session <cookbook/entities-in-session>` \|
+  :doc:`Array Access <cookbook/implementing-arrayaccess-for-domain-objects>` |
+  :doc:`Notify ChangeTracking Example <cookbook/implementing-the-notify-changetracking-policy>` |
+  :doc:`Using Wakeup Or Clone <cookbook/implementing-wakeup-or-clone>` |
+  :doc:`Working with DateTime <cookbook/working-with-datetime>` |
+  :doc:`Validation <cookbook/validation-of-entities>` |
+  :doc:`Entities in the Session <cookbook/entities-in-session>` |
  :doc:`Keeping your Modules independent <cookbook/resolve-target-entity-listener>`

+* **Integration into Frameworks/Libraries**
+  :doc:`CodeIgniter <cookbook/integrating-with-codeigniter>`
+
 * **Hidden Gems**
  :doc:`Prefixing Table Name <cookbook/sql-table-prefixes>`

 * **Custom Datatypes**
  :doc:`MySQL Enums <cookbook/mysql-enums>`
  :doc:`Advanced Field Value Conversion <cookbook/advanced-field-value-conversion-using-custom-mapping-types>`
+
+.. include:: toc.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+@ECHO OFF
+
+REM Command file for Sphinx documentation
+
+set SPHINXBUILD=sphinx-build
+set BUILDDIR=_build
+set ALLSPHINXOPTS=-d %BUILDDIR%/doctrees %SPHINXOPTS% .
+if NOT "%PAPER%" == "" (
+	set ALLSPHINXOPTS=-D latex_paper_size=%PAPER% %ALLSPHINXOPTS%
+)
+
+if "%1" == "" goto help
+
+if "%1" == "help" (
+	:help
+	echo.Please use `make ^<target^>` where ^<target^> is one of
+	echo.  html      to make standalone HTML files
+	echo.  dirhtml   to make HTML files named index.html in directories
+	echo.  pickle    to make pickle files
+	echo.  json      to make JSON files
+	echo.  htmlhelp  to make HTML files and a HTML help project
+	echo.  qthelp    to make HTML files and a qthelp project
+	echo.  latex     to make LaTeX files, you can set PAPER=a4 or PAPER=letter
+	echo.  changes   to make an overview over all changed/added/deprecated items
+	echo.  linkcheck to check all external links for integrity
+	echo.  doctest   to run all doctests embedded in the documentation if enabled
+	goto end
+)
+
+if "%1" == "clean" (
+	for /d %%i in (%BUILDDIR%\*) do rmdir /q /s %%i
+	del /q /s %BUILDDIR%\*
+	goto end
+)
+
+if "%1" == "html" (
+	%SPHINXBUILD% -b html %ALLSPHINXOPTS% %BUILDDIR%/html
+	echo.
+	echo.Build finished. The HTML pages are in %BUILDDIR%/html.
+	goto end
+)
+
+if "%1" == "dirhtml" (
+	%SPHINXBUILD% -b dirhtml %ALLSPHINXOPTS% %BUILDDIR%/dirhtml
+	echo.
+	echo.Build finished. The HTML pages are in %BUILDDIR%/dirhtml.
+	goto end
+)
+
+if "%1" == "pickle" (
+	%SPHINXBUILD% -b pickle %ALLSPHINXOPTS% %BUILDDIR%/pickle
+	echo.
+	echo.Build finished; now you can process the pickle files.
+	goto end
+)
+
+if "%1" == "json" (
+	%SPHINXBUILD% -b json %ALLSPHINXOPTS% %BUILDDIR%/json
+	echo.
+	echo.Build finished; now you can process the JSON files.
+	goto end
+)
+
+if "%1" == "htmlhelp" (
+	%SPHINXBUILD% -b htmlhelp %ALLSPHINXOPTS% %BUILDDIR%/htmlhelp
+	echo.
+	echo.Build finished; now you can run HTML Help Workshop with the ^
+.hhp project file in %BUILDDIR%/htmlhelp.
+	goto end
+)
+
+if "%1" == "qthelp" (
+	%SPHINXBUILD% -b qthelp %ALLSPHINXOPTS% %BUILDDIR%/qthelp
+	echo.
+	echo.Build finished; now you can run "qcollectiongenerator" with the ^
+.qhcp project file in %BUILDDIR%/qthelp, like this:
+	echo.^> qcollectiongenerator %BUILDDIR%\qthelp\Doctrine2ORM.qhcp
+	echo.To view the help file:
+	echo.^> assistant -collectionFile %BUILDDIR%\qthelp\Doctrine2ORM.ghc
+	goto end
+)
+
+if "%1" == "latex" (
+	%SPHINXBUILD% -b latex %ALLSPHINXOPTS% %BUILDDIR%/latex
+	echo.
+	echo.Build finished; the LaTeX files are in %BUILDDIR%/latex.
+	goto end
+)
+
+if "%1" == "changes" (
+	%SPHINXBUILD% -b changes %ALLSPHINXOPTS% %BUILDDIR%/changes
+	echo.
+	echo.The overview file is in %BUILDDIR%/changes.
+	goto end
+)
+
+if "%1" == "linkcheck" (
+	%SPHINXBUILD% -b linkcheck %ALLSPHINXOPTS% %BUILDDIR%/linkcheck
+	echo.
+	echo.Link check complete; look for any errors in the above output ^
+or in %BUILDDIR%/linkcheck/output.txt.
+	goto end
+)
+
+if "%1" == "doctest" (
+	%SPHINXBUILD% -b doctest %ALLSPHINXOPTS% %BUILDDIR%/doctest
+	echo.
+	echo.Testing of doctests in the sources finished, look at the ^
+results in %BUILDDIR%/doctest/output.txt.
+	goto end
+)
+
+:end
@@ -9,61 +9,51 @@ steps of configuration.
 .. code-block:: php

    <?php
-
-    use Doctrine\ORM\Configuration;
-    use Doctrine\ORM\EntityManager;
-    use Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\Driver\AttributeDriver;
-    use Doctrine\ORM\ORMSetup;
-    use Symfony\Component\Cache\Adapter\ArrayAdapter;
-    use Symfony\Component\Cache\Adapter\PhpFilesAdapter;
-
+    use Doctrine\ORM\EntityManager,
+        Doctrine\ORM\Configuration;
+    
    // ...
-
+    
    if ($applicationMode == "development") {
-        $queryCache = new ArrayAdapter();
-        $metadataCache = new ArrayAdapter();
+        $cache = new \Doctrine\Common\Cache\ArrayCache;
    } else {
-        $queryCache = new PhpFilesAdapter('doctrine_queries');
-        $metadataCache = new PhpFilesAdapter('doctrine_metadata');
+        $cache = new \Doctrine\Common\Cache\ApcCache;
    }
-
+    
    $config = new Configuration;
-    $config->setMetadataCache($metadataCache);
-    $driverImpl = new AttributeDriver(['/path/to/lib/MyProject/Entities'], true);
+    $config->setMetadataCacheImpl($cache);
+    $driverImpl = $config->newDefaultAnnotationDriver('/path/to/lib/MyProject/Entities');
    $config->setMetadataDriverImpl($driverImpl);
-    $config->setQueryCache($queryCache);
+    $config->setQueryCacheImpl($cache);
    $config->setProxyDir('/path/to/myproject/lib/MyProject/Proxies');
    $config->setProxyNamespace('MyProject\Proxies');
-
+    
    if ($applicationMode == "development") {
        $config->setAutoGenerateProxyClasses(true);
    } else {
        $config->setAutoGenerateProxyClasses(false);
    }
-
-    $connection = DriverManager::getConnection([
+    
+    $connectionOptions = array(
        'driver' => 'pdo_sqlite',
-        'path' => 'database.sqlite',
-    ], $config);
-
-    $em = new EntityManager($connection, $config);
-
-Doctrine and Caching
--------------------
-
-Doctrine is optimized for working with caches. The main parts in Doctrine
-that are optimized for caching are the metadata mapping information with
-the metadata cache and the DQL to SQL conversions with the query cache.
-These 2 caches require only an absolute minimum of memory yet they heavily
-improve the runtime performance of Doctrine.
-
-Doctrine does not bundle its own cache implementation anymore. Instead,
-the PSR-6 standard interfaces are used to access the cache. In the examples
-in this documentation, Symfony Cache is used as a reference implementation.
+        'path' => 'database.sqlite'
+    );
+    
+    $em = EntityManager::create($connectionOptions, $config);

 .. note::

    Do not use Doctrine without a metadata and query cache!
+    Doctrine is optimized for working with caches. The main
+    parts in Doctrine that are optimized for caching are the metadata
+    mapping information with the metadata cache and the DQL to SQL
+    conversions with the query cache. These 2 caches require only an
+    absolute minimum of memory yet they heavily improve the runtime
+    performance of Doctrine. The recommended cache driver to use with
+    Doctrine is `APC <http://www.php.net/apc>`_. APC provides you with
+    an opcode-cache (which is highly recommended anyway) and a very
+    fast in-memory cache storage that you can use for the metadata and
+    query caches as seen in the previous code snippet.

 Configuration Options
 ---------------------
@@ -111,28 +101,29 @@ Gets or sets the metadata driver implementation that is used by
 Doctrine to acquire the object-relational metadata for your
 classes.

-There are currently 3 available implementations:
+There are currently 4 available implementations:


-  ``Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\Driver\AttributeDriver``
+-  ``Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\Driver\AnnotationDriver``
 -  ``Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\Driver\XmlDriver``
+-  ``Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\Driver\YamlDriver``
 -  ``Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\Driver\DriverChain``

-Throughout the most part of this manual the AttributeDriver is
-used in the examples. For information on the usage of the
-XmlDriver please refer to the dedicated chapter ``XML Mapping``.
+Throughout the most part of this manual the AnnotationDriver is
+used in the examples. For information on the usage of the XmlDriver
+or YamlDriver please refer to the dedicated chapters
+``XML Mapping`` and ``YAML Mapping``.

-The attribute driver can be injected in the ``Doctrine\ORM\Configuration``:
+The annotation driver can be configured with a factory method on
+the ``Doctrine\ORM\Configuration``:

 .. code-block:: php

    <?php
-    use Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\Driver\AttributeDriver;
-
-    $driverImpl = new AttributeDriver(['/path/to/lib/MyProject/Entities'], true);
+    $driverImpl = $config->newDefaultAnnotationDriver('/path/to/lib/MyProject/Entities');
    $config->setMetadataDriverImpl($driverImpl);

-The path information to the entities is required for the attribute
+The path information to the entities is required for the annotation
 driver, because otherwise mass-operations on all entities through
 the console could not work correctly. All of metadata drivers
 accept either a single directory as a string or an array of
@@ -145,21 +136,29 @@ Metadata Cache (***RECOMMENDED***)
 .. code-block:: php

    <?php
-    $config->setMetadataCache($cache);
-    $config->getMetadataCache();
+    $config->setMetadataCacheImpl($cache);
+    $config->getMetadataCacheImpl();

-Gets or sets the cache adapter to use for caching metadata
-information, that is, all the information you supply via attributes,
-xml, so that they do not need to be parsed and loaded from scratch on
-every single request which is a waste of resources. The cache
-implementation must implement the PSR-6
-``Psr\Cache\CacheItemPoolInterface`` interface.
+Gets or sets the cache implementation to use for caching metadata
+information, that is, all the information you supply via
+annotations, xml or yaml, so that they do not need to be parsed and
+loaded from scratch on every single request which is a waste of
+resources. The cache implementation must implement the
+``Doctrine\Common\Cache\Cache`` interface.

 Usage of a metadata cache is highly recommended.

-For development you should use an array cache like
-``Symfony\Component\Cache\Adapter\ArrayAdapter``
-which only caches data on a per-request basis.
+The recommended implementations for production are:
+
+
+-  ``Doctrine\Common\Cache\ApcCache``
+-  ``Doctrine\Common\Cache\MemcacheCache``
+-  ``Doctrine\Common\Cache\XcacheCache``
+-  ``Doctrine\Common\Cache\RedisCache``
+
+For development you should use the
+``Doctrine\Common\Cache\ArrayCache`` which only caches data on a
+per-request basis.

 Query Cache (***RECOMMENDED***)
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
@@ -167,8 +166,8 @@ Query Cache (***RECOMMENDED***)
 .. code-block:: php

    <?php
-    $config->setQueryCache($cache);
-    $config->getQueryCache();
+    $config->setQueryCacheImpl($cache);
+    $config->getQueryCacheImpl();

 Gets or sets the cache implementation to use for caching DQL
 queries, that is, the result of a DQL parsing process that includes
@@ -180,9 +179,17 @@ minimal memory usage in your cache).

 Usage of a query cache is highly recommended.

-For development you should use an array cache like
-``Symfony\Component\Cache\Adapter\ArrayAdapter``
-which only caches data on a per-request basis.
+The recommended implementations for production are:
+
+
+-  ``Doctrine\Common\Cache\ApcCache``
+-  ``Doctrine\Common\Cache\MemcacheCache``
+-  ``Doctrine\Common\Cache\XcacheCache``
+-  ``Doctrine\Common\Cache\RedisCache``
+
+For development you should use the
+``Doctrine\Common\Cache\ArrayCache`` which only caches data on a
+per-request basis.

 SQL Logger (***Optional***)
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
@@ -195,7 +202,10 @@ SQL Logger (***Optional***)

 Gets or sets the logger to use for logging all SQL statements
 executed by Doctrine. The logger class must implement the
-deprecated ``Doctrine\DBAL\Logging\SQLLogger`` interface.
+``Doctrine\DBAL\Logging\SQLLogger`` interface. A simple default
+implementation that logs to the standard output using ``echo`` and
+``var_dump`` can be found at
+``Doctrine\DBAL\Logging\EchoSQLLogger``.

 Auto-generating Proxy Classes (***OPTIONAL***)
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
@@ -211,7 +221,7 @@ option that controls this behavior is:

 Possible values for ``$mode`` are:

-  ``Doctrine\ORM\Proxy\ProxyFactory::AUTOGENERATE_NEVER``
+-  ``Doctrine\Common\Proxy\AbstractProxyFactory::AUTOGENERATE_NEVER``

 Never autogenerate a proxy. You will need to generate the proxies
 manually, for this use the Doctrine Console like so:
@@ -227,17 +237,17 @@ methods were added to the entity class that are not yet in the proxy class.
 In such a case, simply use the Doctrine Console to (re)generate the
 proxy classes.

-  ``Doctrine\ORM\Proxy\ProxyFactory::AUTOGENERATE_ALWAYS``
+-  ``Doctrine\Common\Proxy\AbstractProxyFactory::AUTOGENERATE_ALWAYS``

 Always generates a new proxy in every request and writes it to disk.

-  ``Doctrine\ORM\Proxy\ProxyFactory::AUTOGENERATE_FILE_NOT_EXISTS``
+-  ``Doctrine\Common\Proxy\AbstractProxyFactory::AUTOGENERATE_FILE_NOT_EXISTS``

 Generate the proxy class when the proxy file does not exist.
 This strategy causes a file exists call whenever any proxy is
 used the first time in a request.

-  ``Doctrine\ORM\Proxy\ProxyFactory::AUTOGENERATE_EVAL``
+-  ``Doctrine\Common\Proxy\AbstractProxyFactory::AUTOGENERATE_EVAL``

 Generate the proxy classes and evaluate them on the fly via eval(),
 avoiding writing the proxies to disk.
@@ -247,7 +257,7 @@ In a production environment, it is highly recommended to use
 AUTOGENERATE_NEVER to allow for optimal performances. The other
 options are interesting in development environment.

-``setAutoGenerateProxyClasses`` can accept a boolean
+Before v2.4, ``setAutoGenerateProxyClasses`` would accept a boolean
 value. This is still possible, ``FALSE`` being equivalent to
 AUTOGENERATE_NEVER and ``TRUE`` to AUTOGENERATE_ALWAYS.

@@ -256,10 +266,10 @@ Development vs Production Configuration

 You should code your Doctrine2 bootstrapping with two different
 runtime models in mind. There are some serious benefits of using
-APCu or Memcache in production. In development however this will
+APC or Memcache in production. In development however this will
 frequently give you fatal errors, when you change your entities and
 the cache still keeps the outdated metadata. That is why we
-recommend an array cache for development.
+recommend the ``ArrayCache`` for development.

 Furthermore you should have the Auto-generating Proxy Classes
 option to true in development and to false in production. If this
@@ -271,21 +281,23 @@ proxy sets an exclusive file lock which can cause serious
 performance bottlenecks in systems with regular concurrent
 requests.

-Connection
----------
+Connection Options
+------------------

-The ``$connection`` passed as the first argument to he constructor of
-``EntityManager`` has to be an instance of ``Doctrine\DBAL\Connection``.
-You can use the factory ``Doctrine\DBAL\DriverManager::getConnection()``
-to create such a connection. The DBAL configuration is explained in the
-`DBAL section <https://www.doctrine-project.org/projects/doctrine-dbal/en/current/reference/configuration.html>`_.
+The ``$connectionOptions`` passed as the first argument to
+``EntityManager::create()`` has to be either an array or an
+instance of ``Doctrine\DBAL\Connection``. If an array is passed it
+is directly passed along to the DBAL Factory
+``Doctrine\DBAL\DriverManager::getConnection()``. The DBAL
+configuration is explained in the
+`DBAL section <./../../../../../projects/doctrine-dbal/en/latest/reference/configuration.html>`_.

 Proxy Objects
 -------------

 A proxy object is an object that is put in place or used instead of
 the "real" object. A proxy object can add behavior to the object
-being proxied without that object being aware of it. In ORM,
+being proxied without that object being aware of it. In Doctrine 2,
 proxy objects are used to realize several features but mainly for
 transparent lazy-loading.

@@ -295,7 +307,7 @@ of the objects. This is an essential property as without it there
 would always be fragile partial objects at the outer edges of your
 object graph.

-Doctrine ORM implements a variant of the proxy pattern where it
+Doctrine 2 implements a variant of the proxy pattern where it
 generates classes that extend your entity classes and adds
 lazy-loading capabilities to them. Doctrine can then give you an
 instance of such a proxy class whenever you request an object of
@@ -306,12 +318,10 @@ Reference Proxies

 The method ``EntityManager#getReference($entityName, $identifier)``
 lets you obtain a reference to an entity for which the identifier
-is known, without necessarily loading that entity from the database.
-This is useful, for example, as a performance enhancement, when you
-want to establish an association to an entity for which you have the
-identifier.
-
-Consider the following example:
+is known, without loading that entity from the database. This is
+useful, for example, as a performance enhancement, when you want to
+establish an association to an entity for which you have the
+identifier. You could simply do this:

 .. code-block:: php

@@ -321,33 +331,14 @@ Consider the following example:
    $item = $em->getReference('MyProject\Model\Item', $itemId);
    $cart->addItem($item);

-Whether the object being returned from ``EntityManager#getReference()``
-is a proxy or a direct instance of the entity class may depend on different
-factors, including whether the entity has already been loaded into memory
-or entity inheritance being used. But your code does not need to care
-and in fact it **should not care**. Proxy objects should be transparent to your
+Here, we added an Item to a Cart without loading the Item from the
+database. If you invoke any method on the Item instance, it would
+fully initialize its state transparently from the database. Here
+$item is actually an instance of the proxy class that was generated
+for the Item class but your code does not need to care. In fact it
+**should not care**. Proxy objects should be transparent to your
 code.

-When using the ``EntityManager#getReference()`` method, you need to be aware
-of a few peculiarities.
-
-At the best case, the ORM can avoid querying the database at all. But, that
-also means that this method will not throw an exception when an invalid value
-for the ``$identifier`` parameter is passed. ``$identifier`` values are
-not checked and there is no guarantee that the requested entity instance even
-exists – the method will still return a proxy object.
-
-Its only when the proxy has to be fully initialized or associations cannot
-be written to the database that invalid ``$identifier`` values may lead to
-exceptions.
-
-The ``EntityManager#getReference()`` is mostly useful when you only
-need a reference to some entity to make an association, like in the example
-above. In that case, it can save you from loading data from the database
-that you don't need. But remember – as soon as you read any property values
-besides those making up the ID, a database request will be made to initialize
-all fields.
-
 Association proxies
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

@@ -418,19 +409,19 @@ be found.
 Multiple Metadata Sources
 -------------------------

-When using different components using Doctrine ORM you may end up
+When using different components using Doctrine 2 you may end up
 with them using two different metadata drivers, for example XML and
-PHP. You can use the MappingDriverChain Metadata implementations to
+YAML. You can use the DriverChain Metadata implementations to
 aggregate these drivers based on namespaces:

 .. code-block:: php

    <?php
-    use Doctrine\Persistence\Mapping\Driver\MappingDriverChain;
+    use Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\Driver\DriverChain;

-    $chain = new MappingDriverChain();
+    $chain = new DriverChain();
    $chain->addDriver($xmlDriver, 'Doctrine\Tests\Models\Company');
-    $chain->addDriver($phpDriver, 'Doctrine\Tests\ORM\Mapping');
+    $chain->addDriver($yamlDriver, 'Doctrine\Tests\ORM\Mapping');

 Based on the namespace of the entity the loading of entities is
 delegated to the appropriate driver. The chain semantics come from
@@ -456,22 +447,22 @@ That will be available for all entities without a custom repository class.
 The default value is ``Doctrine\ORM\EntityRepository``.
 Any repository class must be a subclass of EntityRepository otherwise you got an ORMException

-Ignoring entities (***OPTIONAL***)
-----------------------------------
-
-Specifies the Entity FQCNs to ignore.
-SchemaTool will then skip these (e.g. when comparing schemas).
-
-.. code-block:: php
-
-    <?php
-    $config->setSchemaIgnoreClasses([$fqcn]);
-    $config->getSchemaIgnoreClasses();
-
-
 Setting up the Console
 ----------------------

 Doctrine uses the Symfony Console component for generating the command
-line interface. You can take a look at the
-:doc:`tools chapter <../reference/tools>` for inspiration how to setup the cli.
+line interface. You can take a look at the ``vendor/bin/doctrine.php``
+script and the ``Doctrine\ORM\Tools\Console\ConsoleRunner`` command
+for inspiration how to setup the cli.
+
+In general the required code looks like this:
+
+.. code-block:: php
+
+    <?php
+    $cli = new Application('Doctrine Command Line Interface', \Doctrine\ORM\Version::VERSION);
+    $cli->setCatchExceptions(true);
+    $cli->setHelperSet($helperSet);
+    Doctrine\ORM\Tools\Console\ConsoleRunner::addCommands($cli);
+    $cli->run();
+
@@ -2,55 +2,50 @@ Architecture
 ============

 This chapter gives an overview of the overall architecture,
-terminology and constraints of Doctrine ORM. It is recommended to
+terminology and constraints of Doctrine 2. It is recommended to
 read this chapter carefully.

 Using an Object-Relational Mapper
 ---------------------------------

-As the term ORM already hints at, Doctrine ORM aims to simplify the
+As the term ORM already hints at, Doctrine 2 aims to simplify the
 translation between database rows and the PHP object model. The
 primary use case for Doctrine are therefore applications that
 utilize the Object-Oriented Programming Paradigm. For applications
-that do not primarily work with objects Doctrine ORM is not suited very
+that do not primarily work with objects Doctrine 2 is not suited very
 well.

 Requirements
 ------------

-Doctrine ORM requires a minimum of PHP 8.1. For greatly improved
+Doctrine 2 requires a minimum of PHP 5.4. For greatly improved
 performance it is also recommended that you use APC with PHP.

-Doctrine ORM Packages
+Doctrine 2 Packages
 -------------------

-Doctrine ORM is divided into four main packages.
+Doctrine 2 is divided into three main packages.

-  `Collections <https://www.doctrine-project.org/projects/doctrine-collections/en/stable/index.html>`_
-  `Event Manager <https://www.doctrine-project.org/projects/doctrine-event-manager/en/stable/index.html>`_
-  `Persistence <https://www.doctrine-project.org/projects/doctrine-persistence/en/stable/index.html>`_
-  `DBAL <https://www.doctrine-project.org/projects/doctrine-dbal/en/stable/index.html>`_
-  ORM (depends on DBAL+Persistence+Collections)
+-  Common
+-  DBAL (includes Common)
+-  ORM (includes DBAL+Common)

 This manual mainly covers the ORM package, sometimes touching parts
-of the underlying DBAL and Persistence packages. The Doctrine codebase
-is split into these packages for a few reasons:
+of the underlying DBAL and Common packages. The Doctrine code base
+is split in to these packages for a few reasons and they are to...


-  to make things more maintainable and decoupled
-  to allow you to use the code in Doctrine Persistence and Collections without the ORM or DBAL
-  to allow you to use the DBAL without the ORM
+-  ...make things more maintainable and decoupled
+-  ...allow you to use the code in Doctrine Common without the ORM
+   or DBAL
+-  ...allow you to use the DBAL without the ORM

-Collection, Event Manager and Persistence
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+The Common Package
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

-The Collection, Event Manager and Persistence packages contain highly
-reusable components that have no dependencies beyond the packages
-themselves (and PHP, of course). The root namespace of the Persistence
-package is ``Doctrine\Persistence``. The root namespace of the
-Collection package is ``Doctrine\Common\Collections``, for historical
-reasons. The root namespace of the Event Manager package is just
-``Doctrine\Common``, also for historical reasons.
+The Common package contains highly reusable components that have no
+dependencies beyond the package itself (and PHP, of course). The
+root namespace of the Common package is ``Doctrine\Common``.

 The DBAL Package
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
@@ -71,21 +66,33 @@ The root namespace of the ORM package is ``Doctrine\ORM``.
 Terminology
 -----------

-.. _terminology_entities:
-
 Entities
 ~~~~~~~~

 An entity is a lightweight, persistent domain object. An entity can
 be any regular PHP class observing the following restrictions:

-  An entity class must not be final nor read-only but
-   it may contain final methods or read-only properties.
+
+-  An entity class must not be final or contain final methods.
+-  All persistent properties/field of any entity class should
+   always be private or protected, otherwise lazy-loading might not
+   work as expected. In case you serialize entities (for example Session)
+   properties should be protected (See Serialize section below).
+-  An entity class must not implement ``__clone`` or
+   :doc:`do so safely <../cookbook/implementing-wakeup-or-clone>`.
+-  An entity class must not implement ``__wakeup`` or
+   :doc:`do so safely <../cookbook/implementing-wakeup-or-clone>`.
+   Also consider implementing
+   `Serializable <http://php.net/manual/en/class.serializable.php>`_
+   instead.
 -  Any two entity classes in a class hierarchy that inherit
   directly or indirectly from one another must not have a mapped
   property with the same name. That is, if B inherits from A then B
   must not have a mapped field with the same name as an already
   mapped field that is inherited from A.
+-  An entity cannot make use of func_get_args() to implement variable parameters.
+   Generated proxies do not support this for performance reasons and your code might
+   actually fail to work when violating this restriction.

 Entities support inheritance, polymorphic associations, and
 polymorphic queries. Both abstract and concrete classes can be
@@ -99,25 +106,6 @@ classes, and non-entity classes may extend entity classes.
    never calls entity constructors, thus you are free to use them as
    you wish and even have it require arguments of any type.

-Mapped Superclasses
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-A mapped superclass is an abstract or concrete class that provides
-persistent entity state and mapping information for its subclasses,
-but which is not itself an entity.
-
-Mapped superclasses are explained in greater detail in the chapter
-on :doc:`inheritance mapping </reference/inheritance-mapping>`.
-
-Transient Classes
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-The term "transient class" appears in some places in the mapping
-drivers as well as the code dealing with metadata handling.
-
-A transient class is a class that is neither an entity nor a mapped
-superclass. From the ORM's point of view, these classes can be
-completely ignored, and no class metadata is loaded for them at all.

 Entity states
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
@@ -164,19 +152,22 @@ Serializing entities

 Serializing entities can be problematic and is not really
 recommended, at least not as long as an entity instance still holds
-references to proxy objects or is still managed by an EntityManager.
-By default, serializing proxy objects does not initialize them. On
-unserialization, resulting objects are detached from the entity
-manager and cannot be initialiazed anymore. You can implement the
-``__serialize()`` method if you want to change that behavior, but
-then you need to ensure that you won't generate large serialized
-object graphs and take care of circular associations.
+references to proxy objects or is still managed by an
+EntityManager. If you intend to serialize (and unserialize) entity
+instances that still hold references to proxy objects you may run
+into problems with private properties because of technical
+limitations. Proxy objects implement ``__sleep`` and it is not
+possible for ``__sleep`` to return names of private properties in
+parent classes. On the other hand it is not a solution for proxy
+objects to implement ``Serializable`` because Serializable does not
+work well with any potential cyclic object references (at least we
+did not find a way yet, if you did, please contact us).

 The EntityManager
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

-The ``EntityManager`` class is a central access point to the
-functionality provided by Doctrine ORM. The ``EntityManager`` API is
+The ``EntityManager`` class is a central access point to the ORM
+functionality provided by Doctrine 2. The ``EntityManager`` API is
 used to manage the persistence of your objects and to query for
 persistent objects.

@@ -193,14 +184,14 @@ in well defined units of work. Work with your objects and modify
 them as usual and when you're done call ``EntityManager#flush()``
 to make your changes persistent.

-.. _unit-of-work:
-
 The Unit of Work
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

 Internally an ``EntityManager`` uses a ``UnitOfWork``, which is a
 typical implementation of the
-`Unit of Work pattern <https://martinfowler.com/eaaCatalog/unitOfWork.html>`_,
+`Unit of Work pattern <http://martinfowler.com/eaaCatalog/unitOfWork.html>`_,
 to keep track of all the things that need to be done the next time
 ``flush`` is invoked. You usually do not directly interact with a
 ``UnitOfWork`` but with the ``EntityManager`` instead.
+
+
@@ -14,11 +14,17 @@ After working through this guide you should know:
 Mapping of associations will be covered in the next chapter on
 :doc:`Association Mapping <association-mapping>`.

+Guide Assumptions
+-----------------
+
+You should have already :doc:`installed and configure <configuration>`
+Doctrine.
+
 Creating Classes for the Database
 ---------------------------------

 Every PHP object that you want to save in the database using Doctrine
-is called an *Entity*. The term "Entity" describes objects
+is called an "Entity". The term "Entity" describes objects
 that have an identity over many independent requests. This identity is
 usually achieved by assigning a unique identifier to an entity.
 In this tutorial the following ``Message`` PHP class will serve as the
@@ -44,18 +50,19 @@ that describes your entity.
 Doctrine provides several different ways to specify object-relational
 mapping metadata:

-  :doc:`Attributes <attributes-reference>`
+-  :doc:`Docblock Annotations <annotations-reference>`
 -  :doc:`XML <xml-mapping>`
+-  :doc:`YAML <yaml-mapping>`
 -  :doc:`PHP code <php-mapping>`

-This manual will usually show mapping metadata via attributes, though
-many examples also show the equivalent configuration in XML.
+This manual will usually show mapping metadata via docblock annotations, though
+many examples also show the equivalent configuration in YAML and XML.

 .. note::

    All metadata drivers perform equally. Once the metadata of a class has been
-    read from the source (attributes, XML, etc.) it is stored in an instance
-    of the ``Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\ClassMetadata`` class which are
+    read from the source (annotations, xml or yaml) it is stored in an instance
+    of the ``Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\ClassMetadata`` class and these instances are
    stored in the metadata cache.  If you're not using a metadata cache (not
    recommended!) then the XML driver is the fastest.

@@ -63,15 +70,13 @@ Marking our ``Message`` class as an entity for Doctrine is straightforward:

 .. configuration-block::

-    .. code-block:: attribute
+    .. code-block:: php

        <?php
-        use Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\Entity;
-
-        #[Entity]
+        /** @Entity */
        class Message
        {
-            // ...
+            //...
        }

    .. code-block:: xml
@@ -82,23 +87,28 @@ Marking our ``Message`` class as an entity for Doctrine is straightforward:
          </entity>
        </doctrine-mapping>

+    .. code-block:: yaml
+
+        Message:
+          type: entity
+          # ...
+
 With no additional information, Doctrine expects the entity to be saved
 into a table with the same name as the class in our case ``Message``.
 You can change this by configuring information about the table:

 .. configuration-block::

-    .. code-block:: attribute
+    .. code-block:: php

        <?php
-        use Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\Entity;
-        use Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\Table;
-
-        #[Entity]
-        #[Table(name: 'message')]
+        /**
+         * @Entity
+         * @Table(name="message")
+         */
        class Message
        {
-            // ...
+            //...
        }

    .. code-block:: xml
@@ -109,34 +119,39 @@ You can change this by configuring information about the table:
          </entity>
        </doctrine-mapping>

+    .. code-block:: yaml
+
+        Message:
+          type: entity
+          table: message
+          # ...
+
 Now the class ``Message`` will be saved and fetched from the table ``message``.

 Property Mapping
 ----------------

-The next step is mapping its properties to columns in the table.
+The next step after marking a PHP class as an entity is mapping its properties
+to columns in a table.

-To configure a property use the ``Column`` attribute. The ``type``
-argument specifies the :ref:`Doctrine Mapping Type
-<reference-mapping-types>` to use for the field. If the type is not
-specified, ``string`` is used as the default.
+To configure a property use the ``@Column`` docblock annotation. The ``type``
+attribute specifies the :ref:`Doctrine Mapping Type <reference-mapping-types>`
+to use for the field. If the type is not specified, ``string`` is used as the
+default.

 .. configuration-block::

-    .. code-block:: attribute
+    .. code-block:: php

        <?php
-        use Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\Column;
-        use Doctrine\DBAL\Types\Types;
-
-        #[Entity]
+        /** @Entity */
        class Message
        {
-            #[Column(type: Types::INTEGER)]
+            /** @Column(type="integer") */
            private $id;
-            #[Column(length: 140)]
+            /** @Column(length=140) */
            private $text;
-            #[Column(name: 'posted_at', type: Types::DATETIME)]
+            /** @Column(type="datetime", name="posted_at") */
            private $postedAt;
        }

@@ -150,91 +165,101 @@ specified, ``string`` is used as the default.
          </entity>
        </doctrine-mapping>

+    .. code-block:: yaml
+
+        Message:
+          type: entity
+          fields:
+            id:
+              type: integer
+            text:
+              length: 140
+            postedAt:
+              type: datetime
+              column: posted_at
+
 When we don't explicitly specify a column name via the ``name`` option, Doctrine
-assumes the field name is also the column name. So in this example:
+assumes the field name is also the column name. This means that:

 * the ``id`` property will map to the column ``id`` using the type ``integer``;
 * the ``text`` property will map to the column ``text`` with the default mapping type ``string``;
 * the ``postedAt`` property will map to the ``posted_at`` column with the ``datetime`` type.

-Here is a complete list of ``Column``s attributes (all optional):
+The Column annotation has some more attributes. Here is a complete
+list:

- ``type`` (default: 'string'): The mapping type to use for the column.
- ``name`` (default: name of property): The name of the column in the database.
- ``length`` (default: 255): The length of the column in the database.
-  Applies only if a string-valued column is used.
- ``unique`` (default: ``false``): Whether the column is a unique key.
- ``nullable`` (default: ``false``): Whether the column is nullable.
- ``insertable`` (default: ``true``): Whether the column should be inserted.
- ``updatable`` (default: ``true``): Whether the column should be updated.
- ``generated`` (default: ``null``): Whether the generated strategy should be ``'NEVER'``, ``'INSERT'`` and ``ALWAYS``.
- ``enumType`` (requires PHP 8.1 and ``doctrine/orm`` 2.11): The PHP enum class name to convert the database value into.
- ``precision`` (default: 0): The precision for a decimal (exact numeric) column
-  (applies only for decimal column),
+- ``type``: (optional, defaults to 'string') The mapping type to
+  use for the column.
+- ``name``: (optional, defaults to field name) The name of the
+  column in the database.
+- ``length``: (optional, default 255) The length of the column in
+  the database. (Applies only if a string-valued column is used).
+- ``unique``: (optional, default FALSE) Whether the column is a
+  unique key.
+- ``nullable``: (optional, default FALSE) Whether the database
+  column is nullable.
+- ``precision``: (optional, default 0) The precision for a decimal
+  (exact numeric) column (applies only for decimal column),
  which is the maximum number of digits that are stored for the values.
- ``scale`` (default: 0): The scale for a decimal (exact
+- ``scale``: (optional, default 0) The scale for a decimal (exact
  numeric) column (applies only for decimal column), which represents
  the number of digits to the right of the decimal point and must
-  not be greater than ``precision``.
- ``columnDefinition``: Allows to define a custom
+  not be greater than *precision*.
+- ``columnDefinition``: (optional) Allows to define a custom
  DDL snippet that is used to create the column. Warning: This normally
-  confuses the :doc:`SchemaTool <tools>` to always detect the column as changed.
- ``options``: Key-value pairs of options that get passed
+  confuses the SchemaTool to always detect the column as changed.
+- ``options``: (optional) Key-value pairs of options that get passed
  to the underlying database platform when generating DDL statements.

-.. _reference-php-mapping-types:
-
-PHP Types Mapping
-_________________
-
-.. versionadded:: 2.9
-
-The column types can be inferred automatically from PHP's property types.
-However, when the property type is nullable this has no effect on the ``nullable`` Column attribute.
-
-These are the "automatic" mapping rules:
-
-+-----------------------+-------------------------------+
-| PHP property type     | Doctrine column type          |
-+=======================+===============================+
-| ``DateInterval``      | ``Types::DATEINTERVAL``       |
-+-----------------------+-------------------------------+
-| ``DateTime``          | ``Types::DATETIME_MUTABLE``   |
-+-----------------------+-------------------------------+
-| ``DateTimeImmutable`` | ``Types::DATETIME_IMMUTABLE`` |
-+-----------------------+-------------------------------+
-| ``array``             | ``Types::JSON``               |
-+-----------------------+-------------------------------+
-| ``bool``              | ``Types::BOOLEAN``            |
-+-----------------------+-------------------------------+
-| ``float``             | ``Types::FLOAT``              |
-+-----------------------+-------------------------------+
-| ``int``               | ``Types::INTEGER``            |
-+-----------------------+-------------------------------+
-| Any other type        | ``Types::STRING``             |
-+-----------------------+-------------------------------+
-
-As of version 2.11 Doctrine can also automatically map typed properties using a
-PHP 8.1 enum to set the right ``type`` and ``enumType``.
-
-.. versionadded:: 2.14
-
-Since version 2.14 you can specify custom typed field mapping between PHP type and DBAL type using ``Configuration``
-and a custom ``Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\TypedFieldMapper`` implementation.
-
-:doc:`Read more about TypedFieldMapper <typedfieldmapper>`.
-
 .. _reference-mapping-types:

 Doctrine Mapping Types
 ----------------------

-The ``type`` option used in the ``@Column`` accepts any of the
-`existing Doctrine DBAL types <https://docs.doctrine-project.org/projects/doctrine-dbal/en/stable/reference/types.html#reference>`_
-or :doc:`your own custom mapping types
-<../cookbook/custom-mapping-types>`. A Doctrine type defines
+The ``type`` option used in the ``@Column`` accepts any of the existing
+Doctrine types or even your own custom types. A Doctrine type defines
 the conversion between PHP and SQL types, independent from the database vendor
-you are using.
+you are using. All Mapping Types that ship with Doctrine are fully portable
+between the supported database systems.
+
+As an example, the Doctrine Mapping Type ``string`` defines the
+mapping from a PHP string to a SQL VARCHAR (or VARCHAR2 etc.
+depending on the RDBMS brand). Here is a quick overview of the
+built-in mapping types:
+
+-  ``string``: Type that maps a SQL VARCHAR to a PHP string.
+-  ``integer``: Type that maps a SQL INT to a PHP integer.
+-  ``smallint``: Type that maps a database SMALLINT to a PHP
+   integer.
+-  ``bigint``: Type that maps a database BIGINT to a PHP string.
+-  ``boolean``: Type that maps a SQL boolean or equivalent (TINYINT) to a PHP boolean.
+-  ``decimal``: Type that maps a SQL DECIMAL to a PHP string.
+-  ``date``: Type that maps a SQL DATETIME to a PHP DateTime
+   object.
+-  ``time``: Type that maps a SQL TIME to a PHP DateTime object.
+-  ``datetime``: Type that maps a SQL DATETIME/TIMESTAMP to a PHP
+   DateTime object.
+-  ``datetimetz``: Type that maps a SQL DATETIME/TIMESTAMP to a PHP
+   DateTime object with timezone.
+-  ``text``: Type that maps a SQL CLOB to a PHP string.
+-  ``object``: Type that maps a SQL CLOB to a PHP object using
+   ``serialize()`` and ``unserialize()``
+-  ``array``: Type that maps a SQL CLOB to a PHP array using
+   ``serialize()`` and ``unserialize()``
+-  ``simple_array``: Type that maps a SQL CLOB to a PHP array using
+   ``implode()`` and ``explode()``, with a comma as delimiter. *IMPORTANT*
+   Only use this type if you are sure that your values cannot contain a ",".
+-  ``json_array``: Type that maps a SQL CLOB to a PHP array using
+   ``json_encode()`` and ``json_decode()``
+-  ``float``: Type that maps a SQL Float (Double Precision) to a
+   PHP double. *IMPORTANT*: Works only with locale settings that use
+   decimal points as separator.
+-  ``guid``: Type that maps a database GUID/UUID to a PHP string. Defaults to
+   varchar but uses a specific type if the platform supports it.
+-  ``blob``: Type that maps a SQL BLOB to a PHP resource stream
+
+A cookbook article shows how to define :doc:`your own custom mapping types
+<../cookbook/custom-mapping-types>`.

 .. note::

@@ -245,7 +270,7 @@ you are using.
 .. warning::

    All Date types assume that you are exclusively using the default timezone
-    set by `date_default_timezone_set() <https://php.net/manual/en/function.date-default-timezone-set.php>`_
+    set by `date_default_timezone_set() <http://docs.php.net/manual/en/function.date-default-timezone-set.php>`_
    or by the php.ini configuration ``date.timezone``. Working with
    different timezones will cause troubles and unexpected behavior.

@@ -259,20 +284,22 @@ Identifiers / Primary Keys
 --------------------------

 Every entity class must have an identifier/primary key. You can select
-the field that serves as the identifier with the ``#[Id]`` attribute.
+the field that serves as the identifier with the ``@Id``
+annotation.

 .. configuration-block::

-    .. code-block:: attribute
+    .. code-block:: php

        <?php
        class Message
        {
-            #[Id]
-            #[Column(type: 'integer')]
-            #[GeneratedValue]
-            private int|null $id = null;
-            // ...
+            /**
+             * @Id @Column(type="integer")
+             * @GeneratedValue
+             */
+            private $id;
+            //...
        }

    .. code-block:: xml
@@ -286,29 +313,22 @@ the field that serves as the identifier with the ``#[Id]`` attribute.
          </entity>
        </doctrine-mapping>

-In most cases using the automatic generator strategy (``#[GeneratedValue]``) is
-what you want, but for backwards-compatibility reasons it might not. It
-defaults to the identifier generation mechanism your current database
-vendor preferred at the time that strategy was introduced:
-``AUTO_INCREMENT`` with MySQL, sequences with PostgreSQL and Oracle and
-so on.
-If you are using `doctrine/dbal` 4, we now recommend using ``IDENTITY``
-for PostgreSQL, and ``AUTO`` resolves to it because of that.
-You can stick with ``SEQUENCE`` while still using the ``AUTO``
-strategy, by configuring what it defaults to.
+    .. code-block:: yaml

-.. code-block:: php
+        Message:
+          type: entity
+          id:
+            id:
+              type: integer
+              generator:
+                strategy: AUTO
+          fields:
+            # fields here

-    <?php
-    use Doctrine\DBAL\Platforms\PostgreSQLPlatform;
-    use Doctrine\ORM\Configuration;
-
-    $config = new Configuration();
-    $config->setIdentityGenerationPreferences([
-        PostgreSQLPlatform::class => ClassMetadata::GENERATOR_TYPE_SEQUENCE,
-    ]);
-
-.. _identifier-generation-strategies:
+In most cases using the automatic generator strategy (``@GeneratedValue``) is
+what you want. It defaults to the identifier generation mechanism your current
+database vendor prefers: AUTO_INCREMENT with MySQL, SERIAL with PostgreSQL,
+Sequences with Oracle and so on.

 Identifier Generation Strategies
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
@@ -323,24 +343,24 @@ Here is the list of possible generation strategies:

 -  ``AUTO`` (default): Tells Doctrine to pick the strategy that is
   preferred by the used database platform. The preferred strategies
-   are ``IDENTITY`` for MySQL, SQLite, MsSQL and SQL Anywhere and, for
-   historical reasons, ``SEQUENCE`` for Oracle and PostgreSQL. This
-   strategy provides full portability.
-  ``IDENTITY``: Tells Doctrine to use special identity columns in
-   the database that generate a value on insertion of a row. This
-   strategy does currently not provide full portability and is
-   supported by the following platforms: MySQL/SQLite/SQL Anywhere
-   (``AUTO_INCREMENT``), MSSQL (``IDENTITY``) and PostgreSQL (``SERIAL``).
+   are IDENTITY for MySQL, SQLite, MsSQL and SQL Anywhere and SEQUENCE
+   for Oracle and PostgreSQL. This strategy provides full portability.
 -  ``SEQUENCE``: Tells Doctrine to use a database sequence for ID
   generation. This strategy does currently not provide full
   portability. Sequences are supported by Oracle, PostgreSql and
   SQL Anywhere.
+-  ``IDENTITY``: Tells Doctrine to use special identity columns in
+   the database that generate a value on insertion of a row. This
+   strategy does currently not provide full portability and is
+   supported by the following platforms: MySQL/SQLite/SQL Anywhere
+   (AUTO\_INCREMENT), MSSQL (IDENTITY) and PostgreSQL (SERIAL).
+-  ``TABLE``: Tells Doctrine to use a separate table for ID
+   generation. This strategy provides full portability.
+   ***This strategy is not yet implemented!***
 -  ``NONE``: Tells Doctrine that the identifiers are assigned (and
   thus generated) by your code. The assignment must take place before
   a new entity is passed to ``EntityManager#persist``. NONE is the
-   same as leaving off the ``#[GeneratedValue]`` entirely.
-  ``CUSTOM``: With this option, you can use the ``#[CustomIdGenerator]`` attribute.
-   It will allow you to pass a :ref:`class of your own to generate the identifiers. <attrref_customidgenerator>`
+   same as leaving off the @GeneratedValue entirely.

 Sequence Generator
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
@@ -351,16 +371,18 @@ besides specifying the sequence's name:

 .. configuration-block::

-    .. code-block:: attribute
+    .. code-block:: php

        <?php
        class Message
        {
-            #[Id]
-            #[GeneratedValue(strategy: 'SEQUENCE')]
-            #[SequenceGenerator(sequenceName: 'message_seq', initialValue: 1, allocationSize: 100)]
-            protected int|null $id = null;
-            // ...
+            /**
+             * @Id
+             * @GeneratedValue(strategy="SEQUENCE")
+             * @SequenceGenerator(sequenceName="message_seq", initialValue=1, allocationSize=100)
+             */
+            protected $id = null;
+            //...
        }

    .. code-block:: xml
@@ -374,6 +396,20 @@ besides specifying the sequence's name:
          </entity>
        </doctrine-mapping>

+    .. code-block:: yaml
+
+        Message:
+          type: entity
+          id:
+            id:
+              type: integer
+              generator:
+                strategy: SEQUENCE
+              sequenceGenerator:
+                sequenceName: message_seq
+                allocationSize: 100
+                initialValue: 1
+
 The initial value specifies at which value the sequence should
 start.

@@ -382,10 +418,12 @@ performance of Doctrine. The allocationSize specifies by how much
 values the sequence is incremented whenever the next value is
 retrieved. If this is larger than 1 (one) Doctrine can generate
 identifier values for the allocationSizes amount of entities. In
-the above example with ``allocationSize=100`` Doctrine ORM would only
+the above example with ``allocationSize=100`` Doctrine 2 would only
 need to access the sequence once to generate the identifiers for
 100 new entities.

+*The default allocationSize for a @SequenceGenerator is currently 10.*
+
 .. caution::

    The allocationSize is detected by SchemaTool and
@@ -408,12 +446,11 @@ need to access the sequence once to generate the identifiers for
 Composite Keys
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

-With Doctrine ORM you can use composite primary keys, using ``#[Id]`` on
-more than one column. Some restrictions exist opposed to using a single
-identifier in this case: The use of the ``#[GeneratedValue]`` attribute
-is not supported, which means you can only use composite keys if you
-generate the primary key values yourself before calling
-``EntityManager#persist()`` on the entity.
+with Doctrine 2 you can use composite primary keys, using ``@Id`` on more then
+one column. Some restrictions exist opposed to using a single identifier in
+this case: The use of the ``@GeneratedValue`` annotation is not supported,
+which means you can only use composite keys if you generate the primary key
+values yourself before calling ``EntityManager#persist()`` on the entity.

 More details on composite primary keys are discussed in a :doc:`dedicated tutorial
 <../tutorials/composite-primary-keys>`.
@@ -429,8 +466,7 @@ needs to be done explicitly using ticks in the definition.
 .. code-block:: php

    <?php
-
-    #[Column(name: '`number`', type: 'integer')]
+    /** @Column(name="`number`", type="integer") */
    private $number;

 Doctrine will then quote this column name in all SQL statements
@@ -443,11 +479,15 @@ according to the used database platform.

 .. _reference-basic-mapping-custom-mapping-types:

+.. versionadded: 2.3
+
 For more control over column quoting the ``Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\QuoteStrategy`` interface
-was introduced in ORM. It is invoked for every column, table, alias and other
+was introduced in 2.3. It is invoked for every column, table, alias and other
 SQL names. You can implement the QuoteStrategy and set it by calling
 ``Doctrine\ORM\Configuration#setQuoteStrategy()``.

+.. versionadded: 2.4
+
 The ANSI Quote Strategy was added, which assumes quoting is not necessary for any SQL name.
 You can use it with the following code:

@@ -16,23 +16,6 @@ especially what the strategies presented here provide help with.
    operations.


-.. note::
-
-    Having an SQL logger enabled when processing batches can have a
-    serious impact on performance and resource usage.
-    To avoid that, you should use a PSR logger implementation that can be
-    disabled at runtime.
-    For example, with Monolog, you can use ``Logger::pushHandler()``
-    to push a ``NullHandler`` to the logger instance, and then pop it
-    when you need to enable logging again.
-
-    With DBAL 2, you can disable the SQL logger like below:
-
-.. code-block:: php
-
-    <?php
-    $em->getConnection()->getConfiguration()->setSQLLogger(null);
-
 Bulk Inserts
 ------------

@@ -59,7 +42,7 @@ internally but also mean more work during ``flush``.
            $em->clear(); // Detaches all objects from Doctrine!
        }
    }
-    $em->flush(); // Persist objects that did not make up an entire batch
+    $em->flush(); //Persist objects that did not make up an entire batch
    $em->clear();

 Bulk Updates
@@ -83,7 +66,7 @@ Iterating results
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

 An alternative solution for bulk updates is to use the
-``Query#toIterable()`` facility to iterate over the query results step
+``Query#iterate()`` facility to iterate over the query results step
 by step instead of loading the whole result into memory at once.
 The following example shows how to do this, combining the iteration
 with the batching strategy that was already used for bulk inserts:
@@ -94,14 +77,16 @@ with the batching strategy that was already used for bulk inserts:
    $batchSize = 20;
    $i = 0;
    $q = $em->createQuery('select u from MyProject\Model\User u');
-    foreach ($q->toIterable() as $user) {
+    $iterableResult = $q->iterate();
+    foreach ($iterableResult as $row) {
+        $user = $row[0];
        $user->increaseCredit();
        $user->calculateNewBonuses();
-        ++$i;
        if (($i % $batchSize) === 0) {
            $em->flush(); // Executes all updates.
            $em->clear(); // Detaches all objects from Doctrine!
        }
+        ++$i;
    }
    $em->flush();

@@ -115,7 +100,7 @@ with the batching strategy that was already used for bulk inserts:

    Results may be fully buffered by the database client/ connection allocating
    additional memory not visible to the PHP process. For large sets this
-    may easily kill the process for no apparent reason.
+    may easily kill the process for no apparant reason.


 Bulk Deletes
@@ -143,7 +128,7 @@ Iterating results
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

 An alternative solution for bulk deletes is to use the
-``Query#toIterable()`` facility to iterate over the query results step
+``Query#iterate()`` facility to iterate over the query results step
 by step instead of loading the whole result into memory at once.
 The following example shows how to do this:

@@ -153,13 +138,14 @@ The following example shows how to do this:
    $batchSize = 20;
    $i = 0;
    $q = $em->createQuery('select u from MyProject\Model\User u');
-    foreach($q->toIterable() as $row) {
-        $em->remove($row);
-        ++$i;
+    $iterableResult = $q->iterate();
+    while (($row = $iterableResult->next()) !== false) {
+        $em->remove($row[0]);
        if (($i % $batchSize) === 0) {
            $em->flush(); // Executes all deletions.
            $em->clear(); // Detaches all objects from Doctrine!
        }
+        ++$i;
    }
    $em->flush();

@@ -173,18 +159,20 @@ The following example shows how to do this:
 Iterating Large Results for Data-Processing
 -------------------------------------------

-You can use the ``toIterable()`` method just to iterate over a large
-result and no UPDATE or DELETE intention. ``$query->toIterable()`` returns ``iterable``
-so you can process a large result without memory
+You can use the ``iterate()`` method just to iterate over a large
+result and no UPDATE or DELETE intention. The ``IterableResult``
+instance returned from ``$query->iterate()`` implements the
+Iterator interface so you can process a large result without memory
 problems using the following approach:

 .. code-block:: php

    <?php
    $q = $this->_em->createQuery('select u from MyProject\Model\User u');
-    foreach ($q->toIterable() as $row) {
-        // do stuff with the data in the row
-
+    $iterableResult = $q->iterate();
+    foreach ($iterableResult as $row) {
+        // do stuff with the data in the row, $row[0] is always the object
+    
        // detach from Doctrine, so that it can be Garbage-Collected immediately
        $this->_em->detach($row[0]);
    }
@@ -194,3 +182,6 @@ problems using the following approach:
    Iterating results is not possible with queries that
    fetch-join a collection-valued association. The nature of such SQL
    result sets is not suitable for incremental hydration.
+
+
+
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ should use events judiciously.
 Use cascades judiciously
 ------------------------

-Automatic cascades of the persist/remove/etc. operations are
+Automatic cascades of the persist/remove/merge/etc. operations are
 very handy but should be used wisely. Do NOT simply add all
 cascades to all associations. Think about which cascades actually
 do make sense for you for a particular association, given the
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ Don't use special characters

 Avoid using any non-ASCII characters in class, field, table or
 column names. Doctrine itself is not unicode-safe in many places
-and will not be until PHP itself is fully unicode-aware.
+and will not be until PHP itself is fully unicode-aware (PHP6).

 Don't use identifier quoting
 ----------------------------
@@ -74,13 +74,11 @@ collections in entities in the constructor. Example:
    <?php
    namespace MyProject\Model;
    use Doctrine\Common\Collections\ArrayCollection;
-
+    
    class User {
-        /** @var Collection<int, Address> */
-        private Collection $addresses;
-        /** @var Collection<int, Article> */
-        private Collection $articles;
-
+        private $addresses;
+        private $articles;
+    
        public function __construct() {
            $this->addresses = new ArrayCollection;
            $this->articles = new ArrayCollection;
@@ -1,14 +1,272 @@
 Caching
 =======

-The Doctrine ORM package can leverage cache adapters implementing the PSR-6
-standard to allow you to improve the performance of various aspects of
-Doctrine by simply making some additional configurations and method calls.
+Doctrine provides cache drivers in the ``Common`` package for some
+of the most popular caching implementations such as APC, Memcache
+and Xcache. We also provide an ``ArrayCache`` driver which stores
+the data in a PHP array. Obviously, when using ``ArrayCache``, the 
+cache does not persist between requests, but this is useful for 
+testing in a development environment.

-.. _types-of-caches:
+Cache Drivers
+-------------

-Types of Caches
---------------
+The cache drivers follow a simple interface that is defined in
+``Doctrine\Common\Cache\Cache``. All the cache drivers extend a
+base class ``Doctrine\Common\Cache\AbstractCache`` which implements
+this interface.
+
+The interface defines the following public methods for you to implement:
+
+
+-  fetch($id) - Fetches an entry from the cache
+-  contains($id) - Test if an entry exists in the cache
+-  save($id, $data, $lifeTime = false) - Puts data into the cache
+-  delete($id) - Deletes a cache entry
+
+Each driver extends the ``AbstractCache`` class which defines a few
+abstract protected methods that each of the drivers must
+implement:
+
+
+-  \_doFetch($id)
+-  \_doContains($id)
+-  \_doSave($id, $data, $lifeTime = false)
+-  \_doDelete($id)
+
+The public methods ``fetch()``, ``contains()`` etc. use the
+above protected methods which are implemented by the drivers. The
+code is organized this way so that the protected methods in the
+drivers do the raw interaction with the cache implementation and
+the ``AbstractCache`` can build custom functionality on top of
+these methods.
+
+APC
+~~~
+
+In order to use the APC cache driver you must have it compiled and
+enabled in your php.ini. You can read about APC
+`in the PHP Documentation <http://us2.php.net/apc>`_. It will give
+you a little background information about what it is and how you
+can use it as well as how to install it.
+
+Below is a simple example of how you could use the APC cache driver
+by itself.
+
+.. code-block:: php
+
+    <?php
+    $cacheDriver = new \Doctrine\Common\Cache\ApcCache();
+    $cacheDriver->save('cache_id', 'my_data');
+
+Memcache
+~~~~~~~~
+
+In order to use the Memcache cache driver you must have it compiled
+and enabled in your php.ini. You can read about Memcache
+`on the PHP website <http://php.net/memcache>`_. It will
+give you a little background information about what it is and how
+you can use it as well as how to install it.
+
+Below is a simple example of how you could use the Memcache cache
+driver by itself.
+
+.. code-block:: php
+
+    <?php
+    $memcache = new Memcache();
+    $memcache->connect('memcache_host', 11211);
+    
+    $cacheDriver = new \Doctrine\Common\Cache\MemcacheCache();
+    $cacheDriver->setMemcache($memcache);
+    $cacheDriver->save('cache_id', 'my_data');
+
+Memcached
+~~~~~~~~
+
+Memcached is a more recent and complete alternative extension to
+Memcache.
+
+In order to use the Memcached cache driver you must have it compiled
+and enabled in your php.ini. You can read about Memcached
+`on the PHP website <http://php.net/memcached>`_. It will
+give you a little background information about what it is and how
+you can use it as well as how to install it.
+
+Below is a simple example of how you could use the Memcached cache
+driver by itself.
+
+.. code-block:: php
+
+    <?php
+    $memcached = new Memcached();
+    $memcached->addServer('memcache_host', 11211);
+    
+    $cacheDriver = new \Doctrine\Common\Cache\MemcachedCache();
+    $cacheDriver->setMemcached($memcached);
+    $cacheDriver->save('cache_id', 'my_data');
+
+Xcache
+~~~~~~
+
+In order to use the Xcache cache driver you must have it compiled
+and enabled in your php.ini. You can read about Xcache
+`here <http://xcache.lighttpd.net/>`_. It will give you a little
+background information about what it is and how you can use it as
+well as how to install it.
+
+Below is a simple example of how you could use the Xcache cache
+driver by itself.
+
+.. code-block:: php
+
+    <?php
+    $cacheDriver = new \Doctrine\Common\Cache\XcacheCache();
+    $cacheDriver->save('cache_id', 'my_data');
+
+Redis
+~~~~~
+
+In order to use the Redis cache driver you must have it compiled
+and enabled in your php.ini. You can read about what Redis is
+`from here <http://redis.io/>`_. Also check
+`A PHP extension for Redis <https://github.com/nicolasff/phpredis/>`_ for how you can use
+and install the Redis PHP extension.
+
+Below is a simple example of how you could use the Redis cache
+driver by itself.
+
+.. code-block:: php
+
+    <?php
+    $redis = new Redis();
+    $redis->connect('redis_host', 6379);
+
+    $cacheDriver = new \Doctrine\Common\Cache\RedisCache();
+    $cacheDriver->setRedis($redis);
+    $cacheDriver->save('cache_id', 'my_data');
+
+Using Cache Drivers
+-------------------
+
+In this section we'll describe how you can fully utilize the API of
+the cache drivers to save data to a cache, check if some cached data 
+exists, fetch the cached data and delete the cached data. We'll use the
+``ArrayCache`` implementation as our example here.
+
+.. code-block:: php
+
+    <?php
+    $cacheDriver = new \Doctrine\Common\Cache\ArrayCache();
+
+Saving
+~~~~~~
+
+Saving some data to the cache driver is as simple as using the
+``save()`` method.
+
+.. code-block:: php
+
+    <?php
+    $cacheDriver->save('cache_id', 'my_data');
+
+The ``save()`` method accepts three arguments which are described
+below:
+
+
+-  ``$id`` - The cache id
+-  ``$data`` - The cache entry/data.
+-  ``$lifeTime`` - The lifetime. If != false, sets a specific
+   lifetime for this cache entry (null => infinite lifeTime).
+
+You can save any type of data whether it be a string, array,
+object, etc.
+
+.. code-block:: php
+
+    <?php
+    $array = array(
+        'key1' => 'value1',
+        'key2' => 'value2'
+    );
+    $cacheDriver->save('my_array', $array);
+
+Checking
+~~~~~~~~
+
+Checking whether cached data exists is very simple: just use the
+``contains()`` method. It accepts a single argument which is the ID
+of the cache entry.
+
+.. code-block:: php
+
+    <?php
+    if ($cacheDriver->contains('cache_id')) {
+        echo 'cache exists';
+    } else {
+        echo 'cache does not exist';
+    }
+
+Fetching
+~~~~~~~~
+
+Now if you want to retrieve some cache entry you can use the
+``fetch()`` method. It also accepts a single argument just like
+``contains()`` which is again the ID of the cache entry.
+
+.. code-block:: php
+
+    <?php
+    $array = $cacheDriver->fetch('my_array');
+
+Deleting
+~~~~~~~~
+
+As you might guess, deleting is just as easy as saving, checking
+and fetching. You can delete by an individual ID, or you can 
+delete all entries.
+
+By Cache ID
+^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+.. code-block:: php
+
+    <?php
+    $cacheDriver->delete('my_array');
+
+All
+^^^
+
+If you simply want to delete all cache entries you can do so with
+the ``deleteAll()`` method.
+
+.. code-block:: php
+
+    <?php
+    $deleted = $cacheDriver->deleteAll();
+
+Namespaces
+~~~~~~~~~~
+
+If you heavily use caching in your application and use it in
+multiple parts of your application, or use it in different
+applications on the same server you may have issues with cache
+naming collisions. This can be worked around by using namespaces.
+You can set the namespace a cache driver should use by using the
+``setNamespace()`` method.
+
+.. code-block:: php
+
+    <?php
+    $cacheDriver->setNamespace('my_namespace_');
+
+Integrating with the ORM
+------------------------
+
+The Doctrine ORM package is tightly integrated with the cache
+drivers to allow you to improve the performance of various aspects of
+Doctrine by simply making some additional configurations and
+method calls.

 Query Cache
 ~~~~~~~~~~~
@@ -24,27 +282,21 @@ use on your ORM configuration.
 .. code-block:: php

    <?php
-    $cache = new \Symfony\Component\Cache\Adapter\PhpFilesAdapter('doctrine_queries');
    $config = new \Doctrine\ORM\Configuration();
-    $config->setQueryCache($cache);
+    $config->setQueryCacheImpl(new \Doctrine\Common\Cache\ApcCache());

 Result Cache
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~

 The result cache can be used to cache the results of your queries
-so that we don't have to query the database again after the first time.
-You just need to configure the result cache implementation.
+so that we don't have to query the database or hydrate the data
+again after the first time. You just need to configure the result
+cache implementation.

 .. code-block:: php

    <?php
-    $cache = new \Symfony\Component\Cache\Adapter\PhpFilesAdapter(
-        'doctrine_results',
-        0,
-        '/path/to/writable/directory'
-    );
-    $config = new \Doctrine\ORM\Configuration();
-    $config->setResultCache($cache);
+    $config->setResultCacheImpl(new \Doctrine\Common\Cache\ApcCache());

 Now when you're executing DQL queries you can configure them to use
 the result cache.
@@ -53,7 +305,7 @@ the result cache.

    <?php
    $query = $em->createQuery('select u from \Entities\User u');
-    $query->enableResultCache();
+    $query->useResultCache(true);

 You can also configure an individual query to use a different
 result cache driver.
@@ -61,23 +313,18 @@ result cache driver.
 .. code-block:: php

    <?php
-    $cache = new \Symfony\Component\Cache\Adapter\PhpFilesAdapter(
-        'doctrine_results',
-        0,
-        '/path/to/writable/directory'
-    );
-    $query->setResultCache($cache);
+    $query->setResultCacheDriver(new \Doctrine\Common\Cache\ApcCache());

 .. note::

    Setting the result cache driver on the query will
    automatically enable the result cache for the query. If you want to
-    disable it use ``disableResultCache()``.
+    disable it pass false to ``useResultCache()``.

    ::

        <?php
-        $query->disableResultCache();
+        $query->useResultCache(false);


 If you want to set the time the cache has to live you can use the
@@ -98,20 +345,19 @@ yourself with the ``setResultCacheId()`` method.
    $query->setResultCacheId('my_custom_id');

 You can also set the lifetime and cache ID by passing the values as
-the first and second argument to ``enableResultCache()``.
+the second and third argument to ``useResultCache()``.

 .. code-block:: php

    <?php
-    $query->enableResultCache(3600, 'my_custom_id');
+    $query->useResultCache(true, 3600, 'my_custom_id');

 Metadata Cache
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

 Your class metadata can be parsed from a few different sources like
-XML, Attributes, etc. Instead of parsing this
-information on each request we should cache it using one of the cache
-drivers.
+YAML, XML, Annotations, etc. Instead of parsing this information on
+each request we should cache it using one of the cache drivers.

 Just like the query and result cache we need to configure it
 first.
@@ -119,13 +365,7 @@ first.
 .. code-block:: php

    <?php
-    $cache = \Symfony\Component\Cache\Adapter\PhpFilesAdapter(
-        'doctrine_metadata',
-        0,
-        '/path/to/writable/directory'
-    );
-    $config = new \Doctrine\ORM\Configuration();
-    $config->setMetadataCache($cache);
+    $config->setMetadataCacheImpl(new \Doctrine\Common\Cache\ApcCache());

 Now the metadata information will only be parsed once and stored in
 the cache driver.
@@ -161,30 +401,6 @@ To clear the result cache use the ``orm:clear-cache:result`` task.
 All these tasks accept a ``--flush`` option to flush the entire
 contents of the cache instead of invalidating the entries.

-.. note::
-
-    None of these tasks will work with APC, APCu, or XCache drivers
-    because the memory that the cache is stored in is only accessible
-    to the webserver.
-
-Cache Chaining
--------------
-
-A common pattern is to use a static cache to store data that is
-requested many times in a single PHP request. Even though this data
-may be stored in a fast memory cache, often that cache is over a
-network link leading to sizable network traffic.
-
-A chain cache class allows multiple caches to be registered at once.
-For example, a per-request array cache can be used first, followed by
-a (relatively) slower Memcached cache if the array cache misses.
-The chain cache automatically handles pushing data up to faster caches in
-the chain and clearing data in the entire stack when it is deleted.
-
-Symfony Cache provides such a chain cache. To find out how to use it,
-please have a look at the
-`Symfony Documentation <https://symfony.com/doc/current/components/cache/adapters/chain_adapter.html>`_.
-
 Cache Slams
 -----------

@@ -200,3 +416,5 @@ not letting your users' requests populate the cache.

 You can read more about cache slams
 `in this blog post <http://notmysock.org/blog/php/user-cache-timebomb.html>`_.
+
+
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ Change tracking is the process of determining what has changed in
 managed entities since the last time they were synchronized with
 the database.

-Doctrine provides 2 different change tracking policies, each having
+Doctrine provides 3 different change tracking policies, each having
 its particular advantages and disadvantages. The change tracking
 policy can be defined on a per-class basis (or more precisely,
 per-hierarchy).
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ Deferred Explicit

 The deferred explicit policy is similar to the deferred implicit
 policy in that it detects changes through a property-by-property
-comparison at commit time. The difference is that Doctrine ORM only
+comparison at commit time. The difference is that Doctrine 2 only
 considers entities that have been explicitly marked for change detection
 through a call to EntityManager#persist(entity) or through a save
 cascade. All other entities are skipped. This policy therefore
@@ -49,10 +49,103 @@ This policy can be configured as follows:
 .. code-block:: php

    <?php
-
-    #[Entity]
-    #[ChangeTrackingPolicy('DEFERRED_EXPLICIT')]
+    /**
+     * @Entity
+     * @ChangeTrackingPolicy("DEFERRED_EXPLICIT")
+     */
    class User
    {
        // ...
    }
+
+Notify
+~~~~~~
+
+This policy is based on the assumption that the entities notify
+interested listeners of changes to their properties. For that
+purpose, a class that wants to use this policy needs to implement
+the ``NotifyPropertyChanged`` interface from the Doctrine
+namespace. As a guideline, such an implementation can look as
+follows:
+
+.. code-block:: php
+
+    <?php
+    use Doctrine\Common\NotifyPropertyChanged,
+        Doctrine\Common\PropertyChangedListener;
+    
+    /**
+     * @Entity
+     * @ChangeTrackingPolicy("NOTIFY")
+     */
+    class MyEntity implements NotifyPropertyChanged
+    {
+        // ...
+    
+        private $_listeners = array();
+    
+        public function addPropertyChangedListener(PropertyChangedListener $listener)
+        {
+            $this->_listeners[] = $listener;
+        }
+    }
+
+Then, in each property setter of this class or derived classes, you
+need to notify all the ``PropertyChangedListener`` instances. As an
+example we add a convenience method on ``MyEntity`` that shows this
+behaviour:
+
+.. code-block:: php
+
+    <?php
+    // ...
+    
+    class MyEntity implements NotifyPropertyChanged
+    {
+        // ...
+    
+        protected function _onPropertyChanged($propName, $oldValue, $newValue)
+        {
+            if ($this->_listeners) {
+                foreach ($this->_listeners as $listener) {
+                    $listener->propertyChanged($this, $propName, $oldValue, $newValue);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    
+        public function setData($data)
+        {
+            if ($data != $this->data) {
+                $this->_onPropertyChanged('data', $this->data, $data);
+                $this->data = $data;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+You have to invoke ``_onPropertyChanged`` inside every method that
+changes the persistent state of ``MyEntity``.
+
+The check whether the new value is different from the old one is
+not mandatory but recommended. That way you also have full control
+over when you consider a property changed.
+
+The negative point of this policy is obvious: You need implement an
+interface and write some plumbing code. But also note that we tried
+hard to keep this notification functionality abstract. Strictly
+speaking, it has nothing to do with the persistence layer and the
+Doctrine ORM or DBAL. You may find that property notification
+events come in handy in many other scenarios as well. As mentioned
+earlier, the ``Doctrine\Common`` namespace is not that evil and
+consists solely of very small classes and interfaces that have
+almost no external dependencies (none to the DBAL and none to the
+ORM) and that you can easily take with you should you want to swap
+out the persistence layer. This change tracking policy does not
+introduce a dependency on the Doctrine DBAL/ORM or the persistence
+layer.
+
+The positive point and main advantage of this policy is its
+effectiveness. It has the best performance characteristics of the 3
+policies with larger units of work and a flush() operation is very
+cheap when nothing has changed.
+
+
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 Installation and Configuration
 ==============================

-Doctrine can be installed with `Composer <https://getcomposer.org>`_.
+Doctrine can be installed with `Composer <http://www.getcomposer.org>`_.  For
+older versions we still have `PEAR packages
+<http://pear.doctrine-project.org>`_.

 Define the following requirement in your ``composer.json`` file:

@@ -14,7 +16,8 @@ Define the following requirement in your ``composer.json`` file:
    }

 Then call ``composer install`` from your command line. If you don't know
-how Composer works, check out their `Getting Started <https://getcomposer.org/doc/00-intro.md>`_ to set up.
+how Composer works, check out their `Getting Started
+<http://getcomposer.org/doc/00-intro.md>`_ to set up.

 Class loading
 -------------
@@ -41,58 +44,98 @@ access point to ORM functionality provided by Doctrine.
    // bootstrap.php
    require_once "vendor/autoload.php";

-    use Doctrine\DBAL\DriverManager;
+    use Doctrine\ORM\Tools\Setup;
    use Doctrine\ORM\EntityManager;
-    use Doctrine\ORM\ORMSetup;

-    $paths = ['/path/to/entity-files'];
+    $paths = array("/path/to/entity-files");
    $isDevMode = false;

    // the connection configuration
-    $dbParams = [
+    $dbParams = array(
        'driver'   => 'pdo_mysql',
        'user'     => 'root',
        'password' => '',
        'dbname'   => 'foo',
-    ];
+    );

-    $config = ORMSetup::createAttributeMetadataConfiguration($paths, $isDevMode);
-    $connection = DriverManager::getConnection($dbParams, $config);
-    $entityManager = new EntityManager($connection, $config);
+    $config = Setup::createAnnotationMetadataConfiguration($paths, $isDevMode);
+    $entityManager = EntityManager::create($dbParams, $config);

 Or if you prefer XML:

 .. code-block:: php

    <?php
-    $paths = ['/path/to/xml-mappings'];
-    $config = ORMSetup::createXMLMetadataConfiguration($paths, $isDevMode);
-    $connection = DriverManager::getConnection($dbParams, $config);
-    $entityManager = new EntityManager($connection, $config);
+    $paths = array("/path/to/xml-mappings");
+    $config = Setup::createXMLMetadataConfiguration($paths, $isDevMode);
+    $entityManager = EntityManager::create($dbParams, $config);

-Inside the ``ORMSetup`` methods several assumptions are made:
+Or if you prefer YAML:

-  If ``$isDevMode`` is true caching is done in memory with the ``ArrayAdapter``. Proxy objects are recreated on every request.
-  If ``$isDevMode`` is false, check for Caches in the order APCu, Redis (127.0.0.1:6379), Memcache (127.0.0.1:11211) unless `$cache` is passed as fourth argument.
-  If ``$isDevMode`` is false, set then proxy classes have to be explicitly created through the command line.
+.. code-block:: php
+
+    <?php
+    $paths = array("/path/to/yml-mappings");
+    $config = Setup::createYAMLMetadataConfiguration($paths, $isDevMode);
+    $entityManager = EntityManager::create($dbParams, $config);
+
+Inside the ``Setup`` methods several assumptions are made:
+
+-  If `$isDevMode` is true caching is done in memory with the ``ArrayCache``. Proxy objects are recreated on every request.
+-  If `$isDevMode` is false, check for Caches in the order APC, Xcache, Memcache (127.0.0.1:11211), Redis (127.0.0.1:6379) unless `$cache` is passed as fourth argument.
+-  If `$isDevMode` is false, set then proxy classes have to be explicitly created through the command line.
 -  If third argument `$proxyDir` is not set, use the systems temporary directory.

-.. note::
-
-    In order to have ``ORMSetup`` configure the cache automatically, the library ``symfony/cache``
-    has to be installed as a dependency.
-
-If you want to configure Doctrine in more detail, take a look at the :doc:`Advanced Configuration </reference/advanced-configuration>` section.
+If you want to configure Doctrine in more detail, take a look at the :doc:`Advanced
+Configuration <reference/advanced-configuration>` section.

 .. note::

    You can learn more about the database connection configuration in the
-    `Doctrine DBAL connection configuration reference <https://docs.doctrine-project.org/projects/doctrine-dbal/en/stable/reference/configuration.html>`_.
+    `Doctrine DBAL connection configuration reference <http://docs.doctrine-project.org/projects/doctrine-dbal/en/latest/reference/configuration.html>`_.

 Setting up the Commandline Tool
 -------------------------------

 Doctrine ships with a number of command line tools that are very helpful
-during development. In order to make use of them, create an executable PHP
-script in your project as described in the
-:doc:`tools chapter <../reference/tools>`.
+during development. You can call this command from the Composer binary
+directory:
+
+.. code-block:: sh
+
+    $ php vendor/bin/doctrine
+
+You need to register your applications EntityManager to the console tool
+to make use of the tasks by creating a ``cli-config.php`` file with the
+following content:
+
+On Doctrine 2.4 and above:
+
+.. code-block:: php
+
+    <?php
+    use Doctrine\ORM\Tools\Console\ConsoleRunner;
+
+    // replace with file to your own project bootstrap
+    require_once 'bootstrap.php';
+
+    // replace with mechanism to retrieve EntityManager in your app
+    $entityManager = GetEntityManager();
+
+    return ConsoleRunner::createHelperSet($entityManager);
+
+On Doctrine 2.3 and below:
+
+.. code-block:: php
+
+    <?php
+    // cli-config.php
+    require_once 'my_bootstrap.php';
+
+    // Any way to access the EntityManager from  your application
+    $em = GetMyEntityManager();
+
+    $helperSet = new \Symfony\Component\Console\Helper\HelperSet(array(
+        'db' => new \Doctrine\DBAL\Tools\Console\Helper\ConnectionHelper($em->getConnection()),
+        'em' => new \Doctrine\ORM\Tools\Console\Helper\EntityManagerHelper($em)
+    ));
@@ -13,14 +13,20 @@ Database Schema
 How do I set the charset and collation for MySQL tables?
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

-In your mapping configuration, the column definition (for example, the
-``#[Column]`` attribute) has an ``options`` parameter where you can specify
-the ``charset`` and ``collation``. The default values are ``utf8`` and
-``utf8_unicode_ci``, respectively.
+You can't set these values inside the annotations, yml or xml mapping files. To make a database
+work with the default charset and collation you should configure MySQL to use it as default charset,
+or create the database with charset and collation details. This way they get inherited to all newly
+created database tables and columns.

 Entity Classes
 --------------

+I access a variable and its null, what is wrong?
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+If this variable is a public variable then you are violating one of the criteria for entities.
+All properties have to be protected or private for the proxy object pattern to work.
+
 How can I add default values to a column?
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

@@ -32,12 +38,11 @@ upon insert:

    class User
    {
-        private const STATUS_DISABLED = 0;
-        private const STATUS_ENABLED = 1;
+        const STATUS_DISABLED = 0;
+        const STATUS_ENABLED = 1;

-        private string $algorithm = "sha1";
-        /** @var self::STATUS_* */
-        private int $status = self::STATUS_DISABLED;
+        private $algorithm = "sha1";
+        private $status = self:STATUS_DISABLED;
    }

 .
@@ -53,7 +58,7 @@ or adding entities to a collection twice. You have to check for both conditions
 in the code before calling ``$em->flush()`` if you know that unique constraint failures
 can occur.

-In `Symfony2 <https://www.symfony.com>`_ for example there is a Unique Entity Validator
+In `Symfony2 <http://www.symfony.com>`_ for example there is a Unique Entity Validator
 to achieve this task.

 For collections you can check with ``$collection->contains($entity)`` if an entity is already
@@ -81,7 +86,7 @@ You can solve this exception by:
 How can I filter an association?
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

-You should use DQL queries to query for the filtered set of entities.
+Natively you can't filter associations in 2.0 and 2.1. You should use DQL queries to query for the filtered set of entities.

 I call clear() on a One-To-Many collection but the entities are not deleted
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
@@ -99,9 +104,9 @@ How can I add columns to a many-to-many table?

 The many-to-many association is only supporting foreign keys in the table definition
 To work with many-to-many tables containing extra columns you have to use the
-foreign keys as primary keys feature of Doctrine ORM.
+foreign keys as primary keys feature of Doctrine introduced in version 2.1.

-See :doc:`the tutorial on composite primary keys for more information <../tutorials/composite-primary-keys>`.
+See :doc:`the tutorial on composite primary keys for more information<../tutorials/composite-primary-keys>`.


 How can i paginate fetch-joined collections?
@@ -113,8 +118,8 @@ over this collection using a LIMIT statement (or vendor equivalent).
 Doctrine does not offer a solution for this out of the box but there are several extensions
 that do:

-* `DoctrineExtensions <https://github.com/beberlei/DoctrineExtensions>`_
-* `Pagerfanta <https://github.com/whiteoctober/pagerfanta>`_
+* `DoctrineExtensions <http://github.com/beberlei/DoctrineExtensions>`_
+* `Pagerfanta <http://github.com/whiteoctober/pagerfanta>`_

 Why does pagination not work correctly with fetch joins?
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
@@ -129,10 +134,10 @@ See the previous question for a solution to this task.
 Inheritance
 -----------

-Can I use Inheritance with Doctrine ORM?
+Can I use Inheritance with Doctrine 2?
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-Yes, you can use Single- or Joined-Table Inheritance in ORM.
+ 
+Yes, you can use Single- or Joined-Table Inheritance in Doctrine 2.

 See the documentation chapter on :doc:`inheritance mapping <inheritance-mapping>` for
 the details.
@@ -199,21 +204,6 @@ No, it is not supported to sort by function in DQL. If you need this functionali
 use a native-query or come up with another solution. As a side note: Sorting with ORDER BY RAND() is painfully slow
 starting with 1000 rows.

-Is it better to write DQL or to generate it with the query builder?
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-The purpose of the ``QueryBuilder`` is to generate DQL dynamically,
-which is useful when you have optional filters, conditional joins, etc.
-
-But the ``QueryBuilder`` is not an alternative to DQL, it actually generates DQL
-queries at runtime, which are then interpreted by Doctrine. This means that
-using the ``QueryBuilder`` to build and run a query is actually always slower
-than only running the corresponding DQL query.
-
-So if you only need to generate a query and bind parameters to it,
-you should use plain DQL, as this is a simpler and much more readable solution.
-You should only use the ``QueryBuilder`` when you can't achieve what you want to do with a DQL query.
-
 A Query fails, how can I debug it?
 ----------------------------------

@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 Filters
 =======

-Doctrine ORM features a filter system that allows the developer to add SQL to
+.. versionadded:: 2.2
+
+Doctrine 2.2 features a filter system that allows the developer to add SQL to
 the conditional clauses of queries, regardless the place where the SQL is
 generated (e.g. from a DQL query, or by loading associated entities).

@@ -28,22 +30,21 @@ table alias of the SQL table of the entity.
    In the case of joined or single table inheritance, you always get passed the ClassMetadata of the
    inheritance root. This is necessary to avoid edge cases that would break the SQL when applying the filters.

-For the filter to correctly function, the following rules must be followed. Failure to do so will lead to unexpected results from the query cache.
-  1. Parameters for the query should be set on the filter object by ``SQLFilter#setParameter()`` before the filter is used by the ORM ( i.e. do not set parameters inside ``SQLFilter#addFilterConstraint()`` function ).
-  2. The filter must be deterministic. Don't change the values base on external inputs.
-
-The ``SQLFilter#getParameter()`` function takes care of the proper quoting of parameters.
+Parameters for the query should be set on the filter object by
+``SQLFilter#setParameter()``. Only parameters set via this function can be used
+in filters.  The ``SQLFilter#getParameter()`` function takes care of the
+proper quoting of parameters.

 .. code-block:: php

    <?php
    namespace Example;
-    use Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\ClassMetadata,
+    use Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\ClassMetaData,
        Doctrine\ORM\Query\Filter\SQLFilter;

    class MyLocaleFilter extends SQLFilter
    {
-        public function addFilterConstraint(ClassMetadata $targetEntity, $targetTableAlias): string
+        public function addFilterConstraint(ClassMetadata $targetEntity, $targetTableAlias)
        {
            // Check if the entity implements the LocalAware interface
            if (!$targetEntity->reflClass->implementsInterface('LocaleAware')) {
@@ -54,9 +55,6 @@ The ``SQLFilter#getParameter()`` function takes care of the proper quoting of pa
        }
    }

-If the parameter is an array and should be quoted as a list of values for an IN query
-this is possible with the alternative ``SQLFilter#setParameterList()`` and
-``SQLFilter#getParameterList()`` functions.

 Configuration
 -------------
@@ -93,34 +91,3 @@ object.
    want to refresh or reload an object after having modified a filter or the
    FilterCollection, then you should clear the EntityManager and re-fetch your
    entities, having the new rules for filtering applied.
-
-
-Suspending/Restoring Filters
----------------------------
-When a filter is disabled, the instance is fully deleted and all the filter
-parameters previously set are lost. Then, if you enable it again, a new filter
-is created without the previous filter parameters. If you want to keep a filter
-(in order to use it later) but temporary disable it, you'll need to use the
-``FilterCollection#suspend($name)`` and ``FilterCollection#restore($name)``
-methods instead.
-
-.. code-block:: php
-
-    <?php
-    $filter = $em->getFilters()->enable("locale");
-    $filter->setParameter('locale', 'en');
-
-    // Temporary suspend the filter
-    $filter = $em->getFilters()->suspend("locale");
-
-    // Do things
-
-    // Then restore it, the locale parameter will still be set
-    $filter = $em->getFilters()->restore("locale");
-
-.. warning::
-    If you enable a previously disabled filter, doctrine will create a new
-    one without keeping any of the previously parameter set with
-    ``SQLFilter#setParameter()`` or ``SQLFilter#getParameterList()``. If you
-    want to restore the previously disabled filter instead, you must use the
-    ``FilterCollection#restore($name)`` method.
@@ -4,14 +4,14 @@ Improving Performance
 Bytecode Cache
 --------------

-It is highly recommended to make use of a bytecode cache like OPcache.
+It is highly recommended to make use of a bytecode cache like APC.
 A bytecode cache removes the need for parsing PHP code on every
 request and can greatly improve performance.

    "If you care about performance and don't use a bytecode
    cache then you don't really care about performance. Please get one
    and start using it."
-
+    
    *Stas Malyshev, Core Contributor to PHP and Zend Employee*


@@ -20,21 +20,12 @@ Metadata and Query caches

 As already mentioned earlier in the chapter about configuring
 Doctrine, it is strongly discouraged to use Doctrine without a
-Metadata and Query cache.
-
-Operating Doctrine without these caches means
+Metadata and Query cache (preferably with APC or Memcache as the
+cache driver). Operating Doctrine without these caches means
 Doctrine will need to load your mapping information on every single
 request and has to parse each DQL query on every single request.
 This is a waste of resources.

-The preferred cache adapter for metadata and query caches is a PHP file
-cache like Symfony's
-`PHP files adapter <https://symfony.com/doc/current/components/cache/adapters/php_files_adapter.html>`_.
-This kind of cache serializes cache items and writes them to a file.
-This allows for opcode caching to be used and provides high performance in most scenarios.
-
-See :ref:`types-of-caches`
-
 Alternative Query Result Formats
 --------------------------------

@@ -45,32 +36,11 @@ in scenarios where data is loaded for read-only purposes.
 Read-Only Entities
 ------------------

-You can mark entities as read only. For details, see :ref:`attrref_entity`
-
-This means that the entity marked as read only is never considered for updates.
-During flush on the EntityManager these entities are skipped even if properties
-changed.
-
-Read-Only allows to persist new entities of a kind and remove existing ones,
-they are just not considered for updates.
-
-You can also explicitly mark individual entities read only directly on the
-UnitOfWork via a call to ``markReadOnly()``:
-
-.. code-block:: php
-
-   $user = $entityManager->find(User::class, $id);
-   $entityManager->getUnitOfWork()->markReadOnly($user);
-
-Or you can set all objects that are the result of a query hydration to be
-marked as read only with the following query hint:
-
-.. code-block:: php
-
-   $query = $entityManager->createQuery('SELECT u FROM App\\Entity\\User u');
-   $query->setHint(Query::HINT_READ_ONLY, true);
-
-   $users = $query->getResult();
+Starting with Doctrine 2.1 you can mark entities as read only (See metadata mapping
+references for details). This means that the entity marked as read only is never considered
+for updates, which means when you call flush on the EntityManager these entities are skipped
+even if properties changed. Read-Only allows to persist new entities of a kind and remove existing
+ones, they are just not considered for updates.

 Extra-Lazy Collections
 ----------------------
@@ -82,7 +52,7 @@ for more information on how this fetch mode works.
 Temporarily change fetch mode in DQL
 ------------------------------------

-See :ref:`dql-temporarily-change-fetch-mode`
+See :ref:`Doctrine Query Language chapter <dql-temporarily-change-fetch-mode>`


 Apply Best Practices
@@ -91,9 +61,8 @@ Apply Best Practices
 A lot of the points mentioned in the Best Practices chapter will
 also positively affect the performance of Doctrine.

-See :doc:`Best Practices </reference/best-practices>`

 Change Tracking policies
 ------------------------

-See: :doc:`Change Tracking Policies <change-tracking-policies>`
+See: :doc:`Change Tracking Policies <reference/change-tracking-policies>`
@@ -1,9 +1,6 @@
 Inheritance Mapping
 ===================

-This chapter explains the available options for mapping class
-hierarchies.
-
 Mapped Superclasses
 -------------------

@@ -15,96 +12,49 @@ is common to multiple entity classes.

 Mapped superclasses, just as regular, non-mapped classes, can
 appear in the middle of an otherwise mapped inheritance hierarchy
-(through Single Table Inheritance or Class Table Inheritance). They
-are not query-able, and do not require an ``#[Id]`` property.
-
-No database table will be created for a mapped superclass itself,
-only for entity classes inheriting from it. That  implies that a
-mapped superclass cannot be the ``targetEntity`` in associations.
-
-In other words, a mapped superclass can use unidirectional One-To-One
-and Many-To-One associations where it is the owning side.
-Many-To-Many associations are only possible if the mapped
-superclass is only used in exactly one entity at the moment. For further
-support of inheritance, the single or joined table inheritance features
-have to be used.
+(through Single Table Inheritance or Class Table Inheritance).

 .. note::

-    One-To-Many associations are not generally possible on a mapped
-    superclass, since they require the "many" side to hold the foreign
-    key.
+    A mapped superclass cannot be an entity, it is not query-able and
+    persistent relationships defined by a mapped superclass must be
+    unidirectional (with an owning side only). This means that One-To-Many
+    associations are not possible on a mapped superclass at all.
+    Furthermore Many-To-Many associations are only possible if the
+    mapped superclass is only used in exactly one entity at the moment.
+    For further support of inheritance, the single or
+    joined table inheritance features have to be used.

-    It is, however, possible to use the :doc:`ResolveTargetEntityListener </cookbook/resolve-target-entity-listener>`
-    to replace references to a mapped superclass with an entity class at runtime.
-    As long as there is only one entity subclass inheriting from the mapped
-    superclass and all references to the mapped superclass are resolved to that
-    entity class at runtime, the mapped superclass *can* use One-To-Many associations
-    and be named as the ``targetEntity`` on the owning sides.
-
-.. warning::
-
-    At least when using attributes or annotations to specify your mapping,
-    it *seems* as if you could inherit from a base class that is neither
-    an entity nor a mapped superclass, but has properties with mapping configuration
-    on them that would also be used in the inheriting class.
-
-    This, however, is due to how the corresponding mapping
-    drivers work and what the PHP reflection API reports for inherited fields.
-
-    Such a configuration is explicitly not supported. To give just one example,
-    it will break for ``private`` properties.
-
-.. note::
-
-    You may be tempted to use traits to mix mapped fields or relationships
-    into your entity classes to circumvent some of the limitations of
-    mapped superclasses. Before doing that, please read the section on traits
-    in the :doc:`Limitations and Known Issues </reference/limitations-and-known-issues>` chapter.

 Example:

 .. code-block:: php

    <?php
-    use Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\Column;
-    use Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\JoinColumn;
-    use Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\OneToOne;
-    use Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\Id;
-    use Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\MappedSuperclass;
-    use Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\Entity;
-
-    #[MappedSuperclass]
-    class Person
+    /** @MappedSuperclass */
+    class MappedSuperclassBase
    {
-        #[Column(type: 'integer')]
-        protected int $mapped1;
-        #[Column(type: 'string')]
-        protected string $mapped2;
-        #[OneToOne(targetEntity: Toothbrush::class)]
-        #[JoinColumn(name: 'toothbrush_id', referencedColumnName: 'id')]
-        protected Toothbrush|null $toothbrush = null;
-
+        /** @Column(type="integer") */
+        protected $mapped1;
+        /** @Column(type="string") */
+        protected $mapped2;
+        /**
+         * @OneToOne(targetEntity="MappedSuperclassRelated1")
+         * @JoinColumn(name="related1_id", referencedColumnName="id")
+         */
+        protected $mappedRelated1;
+    
        // ... more fields and methods
    }
-
-    #[Entity]
-    class Employee extends Person
+    
+    /** @Entity */
+    class EntitySubClass extends MappedSuperclassBase
    {
-        #[Id, Column(type: 'integer')]
-        private int|null $id = null;
-        #[Column(type: 'string')]
-        private string $name;
-
-        // ... more fields and methods
-    }
-
-    #[Entity]
-    class Toothbrush
-    {
-        #[Id, Column(type: 'integer')]
-        private int|null $id = null;
-
+        /** @Id @Column(type="integer") */
+        private $id;
+        /** @Column(type="string") */
+        private $name;
+    
        // ... more fields and methods
    }

@@ -113,105 +63,86 @@ like this (this is for SQLite):

 .. code-block:: sql

-    CREATE TABLE Employee (mapped1 INTEGER NOT NULL, mapped2 TEXT NOT NULL, id INTEGER NOT NULL, name TEXT NOT NULL, toothbrush_id INTEGER DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY(id))
+    CREATE TABLE EntitySubClass (mapped1 INTEGER NOT NULL, mapped2 TEXT NOT NULL, id INTEGER NOT NULL, name TEXT NOT NULL, related1_id INTEGER DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY(id))

 As you can see from this DDL snippet, there is only a single table
 for the entity subclass. All the mappings from the mapped
 superclass were inherited to the subclass as if they had been
 defined on that class directly.

-Entity Inheritance
------------------
-
-As soon as one entity class inherits from another entity class, either
-directly, with a mapped superclass or other unmapped (also called
-"transient") classes in between, these entities form an inheritance
-hierarchy. The topmost entity class in this hierarchy is called the
-root entity, and the hierarchy includes all entities that are
-descendants of this root entity.
-
-On the root entity class, ``#[InheritanceType]``,
-``#[DiscriminatorColumn]`` and ``#[DiscriminatorMap]`` must be specified.
-
-``#[InheritanceType]`` specifies one of the two available inheritance
-mapping strategies that are explained in the following sections.
-
-``#[DiscriminatorColumn]`` designates the so-called discriminator column.
-This is an extra column in the table that keeps information about which
-type from the hierarchy applies for a particular database row.
-
-``#[DiscriminatorMap]`` declares the possible values for the discriminator
-column and maps them to class names in the hierarchy. This discriminator map
-has to declare all non-abstract entity classes that exist in that particular
-inheritance hierarchy. That includes the root as well as any intermediate
-entity classes, given they are not abstract.
-
-The names of the classes in the discriminator map do not need to be fully
-qualified if the classes are contained in the same namespace as the entity
-class on which the discriminator map is applied.
-
-If no discriminator map is provided, then the map is generated
-automatically. The automatically generated discriminator map contains the
-lowercase short name of each class as key.
-
-.. note::
-
-    Automatically generating the discriminator map is very expensive
-    computation-wise. The mapping driver has to provide all classes
-    for which mapping configuration exists, and those have to be
-    loaded and checked against  the current inheritance hierarchy
-    to see if they are part of it. The resulting map, however, can be kept
-    in the metadata cache.
-
-Performance impact on to-one associations
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-There is a general performance consideration when using entity inheritance:
-If the target-entity of a many-to-one or one-to-one association is part of
-an inheritance hierarchy, it is preferable for performance reasons that it
-be a leaf entity (ie. have no subclasses).
-
-Otherwise, the ORM is currently unable to tell beforehand which entity class
-will have to be used, and so no appropriate proxy instance can be created.
-That means the referred-to entities will *always* be loaded eagerly, which
-might even propagate to relationships of these entities (in the case of
-self-referencing associations).
-
 Single Table Inheritance
 ------------------------

-`Single Table Inheritance <https://martinfowler.com/eaaCatalog/singleTableInheritance.html>`_
-is an inheritance mapping strategy where all classes of a hierarchy are
-mapped to a single database table.
+`Single Table Inheritance <http://martinfowler.com/eaaCatalog/singleTableInheritance.html>`_
+is an inheritance mapping strategy where all classes of a hierarchy
+are mapped to a single database table. In order to distinguish
+which row represents which type in the hierarchy a so-called
+discriminator column is used.

 Example:

 .. configuration-block::

-    .. code-block:: attribute
-
+    .. code-block:: php
+    
        <?php
        namespace MyProject\Model;
-
-        #[Entity]
-        #[InheritanceType('SINGLE_TABLE')]
-        #[DiscriminatorColumn(name: 'discr', type: 'string')]
-        #[DiscriminatorMap(['person' => Person::class, 'employee' => Employee::class])]
+        
+        /**
+         * @Entity
+         * @InheritanceType("SINGLE_TABLE")
+         * @DiscriminatorColumn(name="discr", type="string")
+         * @DiscriminatorMap({"person" = "Person", "employee" = "Employee"})
+         */
        class Person
        {
            // ...
        }
-
-        #[Entity]
+        
+        /**
+         * @Entity
+         */
        class Employee extends Person
        {
            // ...
        }

+    .. code-block:: yaml
+    
+        MyProject\Model\Person:
+          type: entity
+          inheritanceType: SINGLE_TABLE
+          discriminatorColumn:
+            name: discr
+            type: string
+          discriminatorMap:
+            person: Person
+            employee: Employee
+                
+        MyProject\Model\Employee:
+          type: entity
+            
+Things to note:

-In this example, the ``#[DiscriminatorMap]`` specifies that in the
-discriminator column, a value of "person" identifies a row as being of type
-``Person`` and employee" identifies a row as being of type ``Employee``.
+
+-  The @InheritanceType, @DiscriminatorColumn and @DiscriminatorMap
+   must be specified on the topmost class that is part of the mapped
+   entity hierarchy.
+-  The @DiscriminatorMap specifies which values of the
+   discriminator column identify a row as being of a certain type. In
+   the case above a value of "person" identifies a row as being of
+   type ``Person`` and "employee" identifies a row as being of type
+   ``Employee``.
+-  All entity classes that is part of the mapped entity hierarchy
+   (including the topmost class) should be specified in the
+   @DiscriminatorMap. In the case above Person class included.
+-  The names of the classes in the discriminator map do not need to
+   be fully qualified if the classes are contained in the same
+   namespace as the entity class on which the discriminator map is
+   applied.
+-  If no discriminator map is provided, then the map is generated
+   automatically. The automatically generated discriminator map 
+   contains the lowercase short name of each class as key.

 Design-time considerations
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
@@ -227,9 +158,16 @@ Performance impact

 This strategy is very efficient for querying across all types in
 the hierarchy or for specific types. No table joins are required,
-only a ``WHERE`` clause listing the type identifiers. In particular,
+only a WHERE clause listing the type identifiers. In particular,
 relationships involving types that employ this mapping strategy are
-very performing.
+very performant.
+
+There is a general performance consideration with Single Table
+Inheritance: If the target-entity of a many-to-one or one-to-one 
+association is an STI entity, it is preferable for performance reasons that it 
+be a leaf entity in the inheritance hierarchy, (ie. have no subclasses). 
+Otherwise Doctrine *CANNOT* create proxy instances
+of this entity and will *ALWAYS* load the entity eagerly.

 SQL Schema considerations
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
@@ -237,22 +175,21 @@ SQL Schema considerations
 For Single-Table-Inheritance to work in scenarios where you are
 using either a legacy database schema or a self-written database
 schema you have to make sure that all columns that are not in the
-root entity but in any of the different sub-entities has to allow
-null values. Columns that have ``NOT NULL`` constraints have to be on
+root entity but in any of the different sub-entities has to allows
+null values. Columns that have NOT NULL constraints have to be on
 the root entity of the single-table inheritance hierarchy.

 Class Table Inheritance
 -----------------------

-`Class Table Inheritance <https://martinfowler.com/eaaCatalog/classTableInheritance.html>`_
+`Class Table Inheritance <http://martinfowler.com/eaaCatalog/classTableInheritance.html>`_
 is an inheritance mapping strategy where each class in a hierarchy
 is mapped to several tables: its own table and the tables of all
 parent classes. The table of a child class is linked to the table
-of a parent class through a foreign key constraint.
-
-The discriminator column is placed in the topmost table of the hierarchy,
-because this is the easiest way to achieve polymorphic queries with Class
-Table Inheritance.
+of a parent class through a foreign key constraint. Doctrine 2
+implements this strategy through the use of a discriminator column
+in the topmost table of the hierarchy because this is the easiest
+way to achieve polymorphic queries with Class Table Inheritance.

 Example:

@@ -260,25 +197,42 @@ Example:

    <?php
    namespace MyProject\Model;
-
-    #[Entity]
-    #[InheritanceType('JOINED')]
-    #[DiscriminatorColumn(name: 'discr', type: 'string')]
-    #[DiscriminatorMap(['person' => Person::class, 'employee' => Employee::class])]
+    
+    /**
+     * @Entity
+     * @InheritanceType("JOINED")
+     * @DiscriminatorColumn(name="discr", type="string")
+     * @DiscriminatorMap({"person" = "Person", "employee" = "Employee"})
+     */
    class Person
    {
        // ...
    }
-
-    #[Entity]
+    
+    /** @Entity */
    class Employee extends Person
    {
        // ...
    }

-As before, the ``#[DiscriminatorMap]`` specifies that in the
-discriminator column, a value of "person" identifies a row as being of type
-``Person`` and "employee" identifies a row as being of type ``Employee``.
+Things to note:
+
+
+-  The @InheritanceType, @DiscriminatorColumn and @DiscriminatorMap
+   must be specified on the topmost class that is part of the mapped
+   entity hierarchy.
+-  The @DiscriminatorMap specifies which values of the
+   discriminator column identify a row as being of which type. In the
+   case above a value of "person" identifies a row as being of type
+   ``Person`` and "employee" identifies a row as being of type
+   ``Employee``.
+-  The names of the classes in the discriminator map do not need to
+   be fully qualified if the classes are contained in the same
+   namespace as the entity class on which the discriminator map is
+   applied.
+-  If no discriminator map is provided, then the map is generated
+   automatically. The automatically generated discriminator map 
+   contains the lowercase short name of each class as key.

 .. note::

@@ -309,13 +263,17 @@ perform just about any query which can have a negative impact on
 performance, especially with large tables and/or large hierarchies.
 When partial objects are allowed, either globally or on the
 specific query, then querying for any type will not cause the
-tables of subtypes to be ``OUTER JOIN``ed which can increase
+tables of subtypes to be OUTER JOINed which can increase
 performance but the resulting partial objects will not fully load
 themselves on access of any subtype fields, so accessing fields of
 subtypes after such a query is not safe.

-There is also another important performance consideration that it is *not possible*
-to query for the base entity without any ``LEFT JOIN``s to the sub-types.
+There is a general performance consideration with Class Table
+Inheritance: If the target-entity of a many-to-one or one-to-one 
+association is a CTI entity, it is preferable for performance reasons that it 
+be a leaf entity in the inheritance hierarchy, (ie. have no subclasses). 
+Otherwise Doctrine *CANNOT* create proxy instances
+of this entity and will *ALWAYS* load the entity eagerly.

 SQL Schema considerations
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
@@ -332,17 +290,9 @@ column and cascading on delete.

 Overrides
 ---------
-
-Overrides can only be applied to entities that extend a mapped superclass or
-use traits. They are used to override a mapping for an entity field or
-relationship defined in that mapped superclass or trait.
-
-It is not supported to use overrides in entity inheritance scenarios.
-
-.. note::
-
-    When using traits, make sure not to miss the warnings given in the
-    :doc:`Limitations and Known Issues </reference/limitations-and-known-issues>` chapter.
+Used to override a mapping for an entity field or relationship.
+May be applied to an entity that extends a mapped superclass
+to override a relationship or field mapping defined by the mapped superclass.


 Association Override
@@ -356,47 +306,53 @@ Example:

 .. configuration-block::

-    .. code-block:: attribute
+    .. code-block:: php

        <?php
        // user mapping
        namespace MyProject\Model;
-
-        #[MappedSuperclass]
+        /**
+         * @MappedSuperclass
+         */
        class User
        {
-            // other fields mapping
+            //other fields mapping

-            /** @var Collection<int, Group> */
-            #[JoinTable(name: 'users_groups')]
-            #[JoinColumn(name: 'user_id', referencedColumnName: 'id')]
-            #[InverseJoinColumn(name: 'group_id', referencedColumnName: 'id')]
-            #[ManyToMany(targetEntity: 'Group', inversedBy: 'users')]
-            protected Collection $groups;
+            /**
+             * @ManyToMany(targetEntity="Group", inversedBy="users")
+             * @JoinTable(name="users_groups",
+             *  joinColumns={@JoinColumn(name="user_id", referencedColumnName="id")},
+             *  inverseJoinColumns={@JoinColumn(name="group_id", referencedColumnName="id")}
+             * )
+             */
+            protected $groups;

-            #[ManyToOne(targetEntity: 'Address')]
-            #[JoinColumn(name: 'address_id', referencedColumnName: 'id')]
-            protected Address|null $address = null;
+            /**
+             * @ManyToOne(targetEntity="Address")
+             * @JoinColumn(name="address_id", referencedColumnName="id")
+             */
+            protected $address;
        }

        // admin mapping
        namespace MyProject\Model;
-
-        #[Entity]
-        #[AssociationOverrides([
-            new AssociationOverride(
-                name: 'groups',
-                joinTable: new JoinTable(
-                    name: 'users_admingroups',
-                ),
-                joinColumns: [new JoinColumn(name: 'adminuser_id')],
-                inverseJoinColumns: [new JoinColumn(name: 'admingroup_id')]
-            ),
-            new AssociationOverride(
-                name: 'address',
-                joinColumns: [new JoinColumn(name: 'adminaddress_id', referencedColumnName: 'id')]
-            )
-        ])]
+        /**
+         * @Entity
+         * @AssociationOverrides({
+         *      @AssociationOverride(name="groups",
+         *          joinTable=@JoinTable(
+         *              name="users_admingroups",
+         *              joinColumns=@JoinColumn(name="adminuser_id"),
+         *              inverseJoinColumns=@JoinColumn(name="admingroup_id")
+         *          )
+         *      ),
+         *      @AssociationOverride(name="address",
+         *          joinColumns=@JoinColumn(
+         *              name="adminaddress_id", referencedColumnName="id"
+         *          )
+         *      )
+         * })
+         */
        class Admin extends User
        {
        }
@@ -410,6 +366,7 @@ Example:
                <many-to-many field="groups" target-entity="Group" inversed-by="users">
                    <cascade>
                        <cascade-persist/>
+                        <cascade-merge/>
                        <cascade-detach/>
                    </cascade>
                    <join-table name="users_groups">
@@ -446,16 +403,58 @@ Example:
                </association-overrides>
            </entity>
        </doctrine-mapping>
+    .. code-block:: yaml
+
+        # user mapping
+        MyProject\Model\User:
+          type: mappedSuperclass
+          # other fields mapping
+          manyToOne:
+            address:
+              targetEntity: Address
+              joinColumn:
+                name: address_id
+                referencedColumnName: id
+              cascade: [ persist, merge ]
+          manyToMany:
+            groups:
+              targetEntity: Group
+              joinTable:
+                name: users_groups
+                joinColumns:
+                  user_id:
+                    referencedColumnName: id
+                inverseJoinColumns:
+                  group_id:
+                    referencedColumnName: id
+              cascade: [ persist, merge, detach ]
+
+        # admin mapping
+        MyProject\Model\Admin:
+          type: entity
+          associationOverride:
+            address:
+              joinColumn:
+                adminaddress_id:
+                  name: adminaddress_id
+                  referencedColumnName: id
+            groups:
+              joinTable:
+                name: users_admingroups
+                joinColumns:
+                  adminuser_id:
+                    referencedColumnName: id
+                inverseJoinColumns:
+                  admingroup_id:
+                    referencedColumnName: id
+

 Things to note:

-  The "association override" specifies the overrides based on the property
- name.
-  This feature is available for all kind of associations (OneToOne, OneToMany, ManyToOne, ManyToMany).
-  The association type *cannot* be changed.
-  The override could redefine the ``joinTables`` or ``joinColumns`` depending on the association type.
-  The override could redefine ``inversedBy`` to reference more than one extended entity.
-  The override could redefine fetch to modify the fetch strategy of the extended entity.
+-  The "association override" specifies the overrides base on the property name.
+-  This feature is available for all kind of associations. (OneToOne, OneToMany, ManyToOne, ManyToMany)
+-  The association type *CANNOT* be changed.
+-  The override could redefine the joinTables or joinColumns depending on the association type.

 Attribute Override
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
@@ -465,46 +464,47 @@ Could be used by an entity that extends a mapped superclass to override a field

 .. configuration-block::

-    .. code-block:: attribute
+    .. code-block:: php

        <?php
        // user mapping
        namespace MyProject\Model;
-
-        #[MappedSuperclass]
+        /**
+         * @MappedSuperclass
+         */
        class User
        {
-            #[Id, GeneratedValue, Column(type: 'integer', name: 'user_id', length: 150)]
-            protected int|null $id = null;
+            /** @Id @GeneratedValue @Column(type="integer", name="user_id", length=150) */
+            protected $id;

-            #[Column(name: 'user_name', nullable: true, unique: false, length: 250)]
-            protected string $name;
+            /** @Column(name="user_name", nullable=true, unique=false, length=250) */
+            protected $name;

            // other fields mapping
        }

        // guest mapping
        namespace MyProject\Model;
-        #[Entity]
-        #[AttributeOverrides([
-            new AttributeOverride(
-                name: 'id',
-                column: new Column(
-                    name: 'guest_id',
-                    type: 'integer',
-                    length: 140
-                )
-            ),
-            new AttributeOverride(
-                name: 'name',
-                column: new Column(
-                    name: 'guest_name',
-                    nullable: false,
-                    unique: true,
-                    length: 240
-                )
-            )
-        ])]
+        /**
+         * @Entity
+         * @AttributeOverrides({
+         *      @AttributeOverride(name="id",
+         *          column=@Column(
+         *              name     = "guest_id",
+         *              type     = "integer",
+                        length   = 140
+         *          )
+         *      ),
+         *      @AttributeOverride(name="name",
+         *          column=@Column(
+         *              name     = "guest_name",
+         *              nullable = false,
+         *              unique   = true,
+                        length   = 240
+         *          )
+         *      )
+         * })
+         */
        class Guest extends User
        {
        }
@@ -521,6 +521,7 @@ Could be used by an entity that extends a mapped superclass to override a field
                <many-to-one field="address" target-entity="Address">
                    <cascade>
                        <cascade-persist/>
+                        <cascade-merge/>
                    </cascade>
                    <join-column name="address_id" referenced-column-name="id"/>
                </many-to-one>
@@ -541,12 +542,48 @@ Could be used by an entity that extends a mapped superclass to override a field
                </attribute-overrides>
            </entity>
        </doctrine-mapping>
+    .. code-block:: yaml
+
+        # user mapping
+        MyProject\Model\User:
+          type: mappedSuperclass
+          id:
+            id:
+              type: integer
+              column: user_id
+              length: 150
+              generator:
+                strategy: AUTO
+          fields:
+            name:
+              type: string
+              column: user_name
+              length: 250
+              nullable: true
+              unique: false
+          #other fields mapping
+
+
+        # guest mapping
+        MyProject\Model\Guest:
+          type: entity
+          attributeOverride:
+            id:
+              column: guest_id
+              type: integer
+              length: 140
+            name:
+              column: guest_name
+              type: string
+              length: 240
+              nullable: false
+              unique: true

 Things to note:

-  The "attribute override" specifies the overrides based on the property name.
-  The column type *cannot* be changed. If the column type is not equal, you get a ``MappingException``.
-  The override can redefine all the attributes except the type.
+-  The "attribute override" specifies the overrides base on the property name.
+-  The column type *CANNOT* be changed. If the column type is not equal you get a ``MappingException``
+-  The override can redefine all the columns except the type.

 Query the Type
 --------------
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
-:orphan:
-
 Installation
 ============

-The installation chapter has moved to :doc:`Installation and Configuration </reference/configuration>`.
+The installation chapter has moved to `Installation and Configuration
+<reference/configuration>`_.
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 Limitations and Known Issues
 ============================

-We try to make using Doctrine ORM a very pleasant experience.
+We try to make using Doctrine2 a very pleasant experience.
 Therefore we think it is very important to be honest about the
 current limitations to our users. Much like every other piece of
-software the ORM is not perfect and far from feature complete.
+software Doctrine2 is not perfect and far from feature complete.
 This section should give you an overview of current limitations of
-Doctrine ORM as well as critical known issues that you should know
+Doctrine 2 as well as critical known issues that you should know
 about.

 Current Limitations
@@ -63,7 +63,16 @@ Where the ``attribute_name`` column contains the key and
 ``$attributes``.

 The feature request for persistence of primitive value arrays
-`is described in the DDC-298 ticket <https://github.com/doctrine/orm/issues/3743>`_.
+`is described in the DDC-298 ticket <http://www.doctrine-project.org/jira/browse/DDC-298>`_.
+
+Cascade Merge with Bi-directional Associations
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+There are two bugs now that concern the use of cascade merge in combination with bi-directional associations.
+Make sure to study the behavior of cascade merge if you are using it:
+
+-  `DDC-875 <http://www.doctrine-project.org/jira/browse/DDC-875>`_ Merge can sometimes add the same entity twice into a collection
+-  `DDC-763 <http://www.doctrine-project.org/jira/browse/DDC-763>`_ Cascade merge on associated entities can insert too many rows through "Persistence by Reachability"

 Custom Persisters
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
@@ -74,8 +83,10 @@ Currently there is no way to overwrite the persister implementation
 for a given entity, however there are several use-cases that can
 benefit from custom persister implementations:

-  `Add Upsert Support <https://github.com/doctrine/orm/issues/5178>`_
-  `Evaluate possible ways in which stored-procedures can be used <https://github.com/doctrine/orm/issues/4946>`_
+
+-  `Add Upsert Support <http://www.doctrine-project.org/jira/browse/DDC-668>`_
+-  `Evaluate possible ways in which stored-procedures can be used <http://www.doctrine-project.org/jira/browse/DDC-445>`_
+-  The previous Filter Rules Feature Request

 Persist Keys of Collections
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
@@ -85,7 +96,7 @@ PHP Arrays are ordered hash-maps and so should be the
 evaluate a feature that optionally persists and hydrates the keys
 of a Collection instance.

-`Ticket DDC-213 <https://github.com/doctrine/orm/issues/2817>`_
+`Ticket DDC-213 <http://www.doctrine-project.org/jira/browse/DDC-213>`_

 Mapping many tables to one entity
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
@@ -98,17 +109,18 @@ to the same entity.
 Behaviors
 ~~~~~~~~~

-Doctrine ORM will **never** include a behavior system like Doctrine 1
+Doctrine 2 will **never** include a behavior system like Doctrine 1
 in the core library. We don't think behaviors add more value than
 they cost pain and debugging hell. Please see the many different
 blog posts we have written on this topics:

-  `Doctrine2 "Behaviors" in a Nutshell <https://www.doctrine-project.org/2010/02/17/doctrine2-behaviours-nutshell.html>`_
-  `A re-usable Versionable behavior for Doctrine2 <https://www.doctrine-project.org/2010/02/24/doctrine2-versionable.html>`_
-  `Write your own ORM on top of Doctrine2 <https://www.doctrine-project.org/2010/07/19/your-own-orm-doctrine2.html>`_
-  `Doctrine ORM Behavioral Extensions <https://www.doctrine-project.org/2010/11/18/doctrine2-behavioral-extensions.html>`_
+-  `Doctrine2 "Behaviors" in a Nutshell <http://www.doctrine-project.org/blog/doctrine2-behaviours-nutshell>`_
+-  `A re-usable Versionable behavior for Doctrine2 <http://www.doctrine-project.org/blog/doctrine2-versionable>`_
+-  `Write your own ORM on top of Doctrine2 <http://www.doctrine-project.org/blog/your-own-orm-doctrine2>`_
+-  `Doctrine 2 Behavioral Extensions <http://www.doctrine-project.org/blog/doctrine2-behavioral-extensions>`_
+-  `Doctrator <https://github.com/pablodip/doctrator`>_

-Doctrine ORM has enough hooks and extension points so that **you** can
+Doctrine 2 has enough hooks and extension points so that **you** can
 add whatever you want on top of it. None of this will ever become
 core functionality of Doctrine2 however, you will have to rely on
 third party extensions for magical behaviors.
@@ -117,66 +129,13 @@ Nested Set
 ~~~~~~~~~~

 NestedSet was offered as a behavior in Doctrine 1 and will not be
-included in the core of Doctrine ORM. However there are already two
+included in the core of Doctrine 2. However there are already two
 extensions out there that offer support for Nested Set with
-ORM:
+Doctrine 2:

-  `Doctrine2 Hierarchical-Structural Behavior <https://github.com/guilhermeblanco/Doctrine2-Hierarchical-Structural-Behavior>`_
-  `Doctrine2 NestedSet <https://github.com/blt04/doctrine2-nestedset>`_

-Using Traits in Entity Classes
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-The use of traits in entity or mapped superclasses, at least when they
-include mapping configuration or mapped fields, is currently not
-endorsed by the Doctrine project. The reasons for this are as follows.
-
-Traits were added in PHP 5.4 more than 10 years ago, but at the same time
-more than two years after the initial Doctrine 2 release and the time where
-core components were designed.
-
-In fact, this documentation mentions traits only in the context of
-:doc:`overriding field association mappings in subclasses </tutorials/override-field-association-mappings-in-subclasses>`.
-Coverage of traits in test cases is practically nonexistent.
-
-Thus, you should at least be aware that when using traits in your entity and
-mapped superclasses, you will be in uncharted terrain.
-
-.. warning::
-
-    There be dragons.
-
-From a more technical point of view, traits basically work at the language level
-as if the code contained in them had been copied into the class where the trait
-is used, and even private fields are accessible by the using class. In addition to
-that, some precedence and conflict resolution rules apply.
-
-When it comes to loading mapping configuration, the annotation and attribute drivers
-rely on PHP reflection to inspect class properties including their docblocks.
-As long as the results are consistent with what a solution *without* traits would
-have produced, this is probably fine.
-
-However, to mention known limitations, it is currently not possible to use "class"
-level `annotations <https://github.com/doctrine/orm/pull/1517>`_ or
-`attributes <https://github.com/doctrine/orm/issues/8868>`_ on traits, and attempts to
-improve parser support for traits as `here <https://github.com/doctrine/annotations/pull/102>`_
-or `there <https://github.com/doctrine/annotations/pull/63>`_ have been abandoned
-due to complexity.
-
-XML mapping configuration probably needs to completely re-configure or otherwise
-copy-and-paste configuration for fields used from traits.
-
-Mapping multiple private fields of the same name
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-When two classes, say a mapped superclass and an entity inheriting from it,
-both contain a ``private`` field of the same name, this will lead to a ``MappingException``.
-
-Since the fields are ``private``, both are technically separate and can contain
-different values at the same time. However, the ``ClassMetadata`` configuration used
-internally by the ORM currently refers to fields by their name only, without taking the
-class containing the field into consideration. This makes it impossible to keep separate
-mapping configuration for both fields.
+-  `Doctrine2 Hierarchical-Structural Behavior <http://github.com/guilhermeblanco/Doctrine2-Hierarchical-Structural-Behavior>`_
+-  `Doctrine2 NestedSet <http://github.com/blt04/doctrine2-nestedset>`_

 Known Issues
 ------------
@@ -187,15 +146,17 @@ backwards compatibility issues or where no simple fix exists (yet).
 We don't plan to add every bug in the tracker there, just those
 issues that can potentially cause nightmares or pain of any sort.

-See bugs, improvement and feature requests on `Github issues <https://github.com/doctrine/orm/issues>`_.
+See the Open Bugs on Jira for more details on `bugs, improvement and feature
+requests
+<http://www.doctrine-project.org/jira/secure/IssueNavigator.jspa?reset=true&mode=hide&pid=10032&resolution=-1&sorter/field=updated&sorter/order=DESC>`_.

 Identifier Quoting and Legacy Databases
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

 For compatibility reasons between all the supported vendors and
-edge case problems Doctrine ORM does **NOT** do automatic identifier
+edge case problems Doctrine 2 does **NOT** do automatic identifier
 quoting. This can lead to problems when trying to get
-legacy-databases to work with Doctrine ORM.
+legacy-databases to work with Doctrine 2.


 -  You can quote column-names as described in the
@@ -13,7 +13,8 @@ metadata:


 -  **XML files** (XmlDriver)
-  **Attributes** (AttributeDriver)
+-  **Class DocBlock Annotations** (AnnotationDriver)
+-  **YAML files** (YamlDriver)
 -  **PHP Code in files or static functions** (PhpDriver)

 Something important to note about the above drivers is they are all
@@ -34,10 +35,12 @@ an entity.
    .. code-block:: php

        <?php
-        $em->getConfiguration()->setMetadataCacheImpl(new ApcuCache());
+        $em->getConfiguration()->setMetadataCacheImpl(new ApcCache());


-All the drivers are in the ``Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\Driver`` namespace:
+If you want to use one of the included core metadata drivers you
+just need to configure it. All the drivers are in the
+``Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\Driver`` namespace:

 .. code-block:: php

@@ -50,83 +53,69 @@ Implementing Metadata Drivers

 In addition to the included metadata drivers you can very easily
 implement your own. All you need to do is define a class which
-implements the ``MappingDriver`` interface:
+implements the ``Driver`` interface:

 .. code-block:: php

    <?php
-
-    declare(strict_types=1);
-
-    namespace Doctrine\Persistence\Mapping\Driver;
-
-    use Doctrine\Persistence\Mapping\ClassMetadata;
-
-    /**
-     * Contract for metadata drivers.
-     */
-    interface MappingDriver
+    namespace Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\Driver;
+    
+    use Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\ClassMetadataInfo;
+    
+    interface Driver
    {
        /**
         * Loads the metadata for the specified class into the provided container.
-         *
-         * @param class-string<T> $className
-         * @param ClassMetadata<T> $metadata
-         *
-         * @return void
-         *
-         * @template T of object
+         * 
+         * @param string $className
+         * @param ClassMetadataInfo $metadata
         */
-        public function loadMetadataForClass(string $className, ClassMetadata $metadata);
-
+        function loadMetadataForClass($className, ClassMetadataInfo $metadata);
+    
        /**
         * Gets the names of all mapped classes known to this driver.
-         *
-         * @return list<class-string> The names of all mapped classes known to this driver.
+         * 
+         * @return array The names of all mapped classes known to this driver.
         */
-        public function getAllClassNames();
-
+        function getAllClassNames(); 
+    
        /**
-         * Returns whether the class with the specified name should have its metadata loaded.
-         * This is only the case if it is either mapped as an Entity or a MappedSuperclass.
+         * Whether the class with the specified name should have its metadata loaded.
+         * This is only the case if it is either mapped as an Entity or a
+         * MappedSuperclass.
         *
-         * @param class-string $className
-         *
-         * @return bool
+         * @param string $className
+         * @return boolean
         */
-        public function isTransient(string $className);
+        function isTransient($className);
    }

 If you want to write a metadata driver to parse information from
 some file format we've made your life a little easier by providing
-the ``FileDriver`` implementation for you to extend from:
+the ``AbstractFileDriver`` implementation for you to extend from:

 .. code-block:: php

    <?php
-
-    use Doctrine\Persistence\Mapping\ClassMetadata;
-    use Doctrine\Persistence\Mapping\Driver\FileDriver;
-
-    class MyMetadataDriver extends FileDriver
+    class MyMetadataDriver extends AbstractFileDriver
    {
        /**
-         * {@inheritDoc}
+         * {@inheritdoc}
         */
        protected $_fileExtension = '.dcm.ext';
-
+    
        /**
-         * {@inheritDoc}
+         * {@inheritdoc}
         */
-        public function loadMetadataForClass($className, ClassMetadata $metadata)
+        public function loadMetadataForClass($className, ClassMetadataInfo $metadata)
        {
            $data = $this->_loadMappingFile($file);
-
-            // populate ClassMetadata instance from $data
+    
+            // populate ClassMetadataInfo instance from $data
        }
-
+    
        /**
-         * {@inheritDoc}
+         * {@inheritdoc}
         */
        protected function _loadMappingFile($file)
        {
@@ -136,12 +125,13 @@ the ``FileDriver`` implementation for you to extend from:

 .. note::

-    When using the ``FileDriver`` it requires that you only have one
-    entity defined per file and the file named after the class described
-    inside where namespace separators are replaced by periods. So if you
-    have an entity named ``Entities\User`` and you wanted to write a
-    mapping file for your driver above you would need to name the file
-    ``Entities.User.dcm.ext`` for it to be recognized.
+    When using the ``AbstractFileDriver`` it requires that you
+    only have one entity defined per file and the file named after the
+    class described inside where namespace separators are replaced by
+    periods. So if you have an entity named ``Entities\User`` and you
+    wanted to write a mapping file for your driver above you would need
+    to name the file ``Entities.User.dcm.ext`` for it to be
+    recognized.


 Now you can use your ``MyMetadataDriver`` implementation by setting
@@ -157,13 +147,21 @@ ClassMetadata
 -------------

 The last piece you need to know and understand about metadata in
-Doctrine ORM is the API of the ``ClassMetadata`` classes. You need to
+Doctrine 2 is the API of the ``ClassMetadata`` classes. You need to
 be familiar with them in order to implement your own drivers but
 more importantly to retrieve mapping information for a certain
 entity when needed.

 You have all the methods you need to manually specify the mapping
 information instead of using some mapping file to populate it from.
+The base ``ClassMetadataInfo`` class is responsible for only data
+storage and is not meant for runtime use. It does not require that
+the class actually exists yet so it is useful for describing some
+entity before it exists and using that information to generate for
+example the entities themselves. The class ``ClassMetadata``
+extends ``ClassMetadataInfo`` and adds some functionality required
+for runtime usage and requires that the PHP class is present and
+can be autoloaded.

 You can read more about the API of the ``ClassMetadata`` classes in
 the PHP Mapping chapter.
@@ -192,3 +190,5 @@ iterate over them:
    foreach ($class->fieldMappings as $fieldMapping) {
        echo $fieldMapping['fieldName'] . "\n";
    }
+
+
@@ -1,47 +1,50 @@
 Implementing a NamingStrategy
 ==============================

-Using a naming strategy you can provide rules for generating database identifiers,
-column or table names. This feature helps
-reduce the verbosity of the mapping document, eliminating repetitive noise (eg: ``TABLE_``).
+.. versionadded:: 2.3

-.. warning
+Using a naming strategy you can provide rules for automatically generating
+database identifiers, columns and tables names
+when the table/column name is not given.
+This feature helps reduce the verbosity of the mapping document,
+eliminating repetitive noise (eg: ``TABLE_``).

-    The naming strategy is always overridden by entity mapping such as the `Table` attribute.

 Configuring a naming strategy
 -----------------------------
 The default strategy used by Doctrine is quite minimal.

 By default the ``Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\DefaultNamingStrategy``
-uses the simple class name and the attribute names to generate tables and columns.
+uses the simple class name and the attributes names to generate tables and columns

-You can specify a different strategy by calling ``Doctrine\ORM\Configuration#setNamingStrategy()``:
+You can specify a different strategy by calling ``Doctrine\ORM\Configuration#setNamingStrategy()`` :

 .. code-block:: php

    <?php
    $namingStrategy = new MyNamingStrategy();
-    $configuration->setNamingStrategy($namingStrategy);
+    $configuration()->setNamingStrategy($namingStrategy);

 Underscore naming strategy
 ---------------------------

-``\Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\UnderscoreNamingStrategy`` is a built-in strategy.
+``\Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\UnderscoreNamingStrategy`` is a built-in strategy
+that might be a useful if you want to use a underlying convention.

 .. code-block:: php

    <?php
    $namingStrategy = new \Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\UnderscoreNamingStrategy(CASE_UPPER);
-    $configuration->setNamingStrategy($namingStrategy);
+    $configuration()->setNamingStrategy($namingStrategy);
+
+Then SomeEntityName will generate the table SOME_ENTITY_NAME when CASE_UPPER
+or some_entity_name using CASE_LOWER is given.

-For SomeEntityName the strategy will generate the table SOME_ENTITY_NAME with the
-``CASE_UPPER`` option, or some_entity_name with the ``CASE_LOWER`` option.

 Naming strategy interface
 -------------------------
 The interface ``Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\NamingStrategy`` allows you to specify
-a naming strategy for database tables and columns.
+a "naming standard" for database tables and columns.

 .. code-block:: php

@@ -98,11 +101,10 @@ a naming strategy for database tables and columns.

 Implementing a naming strategy
 -------------------------------
-If you have database naming standards, like all table names should be prefixed
-by the application prefix, all column names should be lower case, you can easily
-achieve such standards by implementing a naming strategy.
-
-You need to create a class which implements ``Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\NamingStrategy``.
+If you have database naming standards like all tables names should be prefixed
+by the application prefix, all column names should be upper case,
+you can easily achieve such standards by implementing a naming strategy.
+You need to implements NamingStrategy first. Following is an example


 .. code-block:: php
@@ -110,30 +112,39 @@ You need to create a class which implements ``Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\NamingStrateg
    <?php
    class MyAppNamingStrategy implements NamingStrategy
    {
-        public function classToTableName(string $className): string
+        public function classToTableName($className)
        {
            return 'MyApp_' . substr($className, strrpos($className, '\\') + 1);
        }
-        public function propertyToColumnName(string $propertyName): string
+        public function propertyToColumnName($propertyName)
        {
            return $propertyName;
        }
-        public function referenceColumnName(): string
+        public function referenceColumnName()
        {
            return 'id';
        }
-        public function joinColumnName(string $propertyName, ?string $className = null): string
+        public function joinColumnName($propertyName, $className = null)
        {
            return $propertyName . '_' . $this->referenceColumnName();
        }
-        public function joinTableName(string $sourceEntity, string $targetEntity, string $propertyName): string
+        public function joinTableName($sourceEntity, $targetEntity, $propertyName = null)
        {
            return strtolower($this->classToTableName($sourceEntity) . '_' .
                    $this->classToTableName($targetEntity));
        }
-        public function joinKeyColumnName(string $entityName, ?string $referencedColumnName): string
+        public function joinKeyColumnName($entityName, $referencedColumnName = null)
        {
            return strtolower($this->classToTableName($entityName) . '_' .
                    ($referencedColumnName ?: $this->referenceColumnName()));
        }
    }
+
+Configuring the namingstrategy is easy if.
+Just set your naming strategy calling ``Doctrine\ORM\Configuration#setNamingStrategy()`` :.
+
+.. code-block:: php
+
+    <?php
+    $namingStrategy = new MyAppNamingStrategy();
+    $configuration()->setNamingStrategy($namingStrategy);
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ This has several benefits:
 - The API is much simpler than the usual ``ResultSetMapping`` API.

 One downside is that the builder API does not yet support entities
-with inheritance hierarchies.
+with inheritance hierachies.

 .. code-block:: php

@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ with inheritance hierarchies.

    use Doctrine\ORM\Query\ResultSetMappingBuilder;

-    $sql = "SELECT u.id, u.name, a.id AS address_id, a.street, a.city " .
+    $sql = "SELECT u.id, u.name, a.id AS address_id, a.street, a.city " . 
           "FROM users u INNER JOIN address a ON u.address_id = a.id";

    $rsm = new ResultSetMappingBuilder($entityManager);
@@ -80,7 +80,9 @@ with inheritance hierarchies.

 The builder extends the ``ResultSetMapping`` class and as such has all the functionality of it as well.

-The ``SELECT`` clause can be generated
+.. versionadded:: 2.4
+
+Starting with Doctrine ORM 2.4 you can generate the ``SELECT`` clause
 from a ``ResultSetMappingBuilder``. You can either cast the builder
 object to ``(string)`` and the DQL aliases are used as SQL table aliases
 or use the ``generateSelectClause($tableAliases)`` method and pass
@@ -90,7 +92,7 @@ a mapping from DQL alias (key) to SQL alias (value)

    <?php

-    $selectClause = $rsm->generateSelectClause(array(
+    $selectClause = $builder->generateSelectClause(array(
        'u' => 't1',
        'g' => 't2'
    ));
@@ -250,40 +252,6 @@ The first parameter is the name of the column in the SQL result set
 and the second parameter is the result alias under which the value
 of the column will be placed in the transformed Doctrine result.

-Special case: DTOs
-...................
-
-You can also use ``ResultSetMapping`` to map the results of a native SQL
-query to a DTO (Data Transfer Object). This is done by adding scalar
-results for each argument of the DTO's constructor, then filling the
-``newObjectMappings`` property of the ``ResultSetMapping`` with
-information about where to map each scalar result:
-
-.. code-block:: php
-
-   <?php
-
-    $rsm = new ResultSetMapping();
-    $rsm->addScalarResult('name', 1, 'string');
-    $rsm->addScalarResult('email', 2, 'string');
-    $rsm->addScalarResult('city', 3, 'string');
-    $rsm->newObjectMappings['name']  = [
-        'className' => CmsUserDTO::class,
-        'objIndex'  => 0, // a result can contain many DTOs, this is the index of the DTO to map to
-        'argIndex'  => 0, // each scalar result can be mapped to a different argument of the DTO constructor
-    ];
-    $rsm->newObjectMappings['email'] = [
-        'className' => CmsUserDTO::class,
-        'objIndex'  => 0,
-        'argIndex'  => 1,
-    ];
-    $rsm->newObjectMappings['city']  = [
-        'className' => CmsUserDTO::class,
-        'objIndex'  => 0,
-        'argIndex'  => 2,
-    ];
-
-
 Meta results
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~

@@ -299,7 +267,7 @@ detail:
    <?php
    /**
     * Adds a meta column (foreign key or discriminator column) to the result set.
-     *
+     * 
     * @param string  $alias
     * @param string  $columnAlias
     * @param string  $columnName
@@ -354,10 +322,10 @@ entity.
    $rsm->addEntityResult('User', 'u');
    $rsm->addFieldResult('u', 'id', 'id');
    $rsm->addFieldResult('u', 'name', 'name');
-
+    
    $query = $this->_em->createNativeQuery('SELECT id, name FROM users WHERE name = ?', $rsm);
    $query->setParameter(1, 'romanb');
-
+    
    $users = $query->getResult();

 The result would look like this:
@@ -390,10 +358,10 @@ thus owns the foreign key.
    $rsm->addFieldResult('u', 'id', 'id');
    $rsm->addFieldResult('u', 'name', 'name');
    $rsm->addMetaResult('u', 'address_id', 'address_id');
-
+    
    $query = $this->_em->createNativeQuery('SELECT id, name, address_id FROM users WHERE name = ?', $rsm);
    $query->setParameter(1, 'romanb');
-
+    
    $users = $query->getResult();

 Foreign keys are used by Doctrine for lazy-loading purposes when
@@ -419,12 +387,12 @@ associations that are lazy.
    $rsm->addFieldResult('a', 'address_id', 'id');
    $rsm->addFieldResult('a', 'street', 'street');
    $rsm->addFieldResult('a', 'city', 'city');
-
+    
    $sql = 'SELECT u.id, u.name, a.id AS address_id, a.street, a.city FROM users u ' .
           'INNER JOIN address a ON u.address_id = a.id WHERE u.name = ?';
    $query = $this->_em->createNativeQuery($sql, $rsm);
    $query->setParameter(1, 'romanb');
-
+    
    $users = $query->getResult();

 In this case the nested entity ``Address`` is registered with the
@@ -454,10 +422,10 @@ to map the hierarchy (both use a discriminator column).
    $rsm->addFieldResult('u', 'name', 'name');
    $rsm->addMetaResult('u', 'discr', 'discr'); // discriminator column
    $rsm->setDiscriminatorColumn('u', 'discr');
-
+    
    $query = $this->_em->createNativeQuery('SELECT id, name, discr FROM users WHERE name = ?', $rsm);
    $query->setParameter(1, 'romanb');
-
+    
    $users = $query->getResult();

 Note that in the case of Class Table Inheritance, an example as
@@ -465,3 +433,473 @@ above would result in partial objects if any objects in the result
 are actually a subtype of User. When using DQL, Doctrine
 automatically includes the necessary joins for this mapping
 strategy but with native SQL it is your responsibility.
+
+Named Native Query
+------------------
+
+You can also map a native query using a named native query mapping.
+
+To achieve that, you must describe the SQL resultset structure
+using named native query (and sql resultset mappings if is a several resultset mappings).
+
+Like named query, a named native query can be defined at class level or in a XML or YAML file.
+
+
+A resultSetMapping parameter is defined in @NamedNativeQuery,
+it represents the name of a defined @SqlResultSetMapping.
+
+.. configuration-block::
+
+    .. code-block:: php
+
+        <?php
+        namespace MyProject\Model;
+        /**
+         * @NamedNativeQueries({
+         *      @NamedNativeQuery(
+         *          name            = "fetchMultipleJoinsEntityResults",
+         *          resultSetMapping= "mappingMultipleJoinsEntityResults",
+         *          query           = "SELECT u.id AS u_id, u.name AS u_name, u.status AS u_status, a.id AS a_id, a.zip AS a_zip, a.country AS a_country, COUNT(p.phonenumber) AS numphones FROM users u INNER JOIN addresses a ON u.id = a.user_id INNER JOIN phonenumbers p ON u.id = p.user_id GROUP BY u.id, u.name, u.status, u.username, a.id, a.zip, a.country ORDER BY u.username"
+         *      ),
+         * })
+         * @SqlResultSetMappings({
+         *      @SqlResultSetMapping(
+         *          name    = "mappingMultipleJoinsEntityResults",
+         *          entities= {
+         *              @EntityResult(
+         *                  entityClass = "__CLASS__",
+         *                  fields      = {
+         *                      @FieldResult(name = "id",       column="u_id"),
+         *                      @FieldResult(name = "name",     column="u_name"),
+         *                      @FieldResult(name = "status",   column="u_status"),
+         *                  }
+         *              ),
+         *              @EntityResult(
+         *                  entityClass = "Address",
+         *                  fields      = {
+         *                      @FieldResult(name = "id",       column="a_id"),
+         *                      @FieldResult(name = "zip",      column="a_zip"),
+         *                      @FieldResult(name = "country",  column="a_country"),
+         *                  }
+         *              )
+         *          },
+         *          columns = {
+         *              @ColumnResult("numphones")
+         *          }
+         *      )
+         *})
+         */
+         class User
+        {
+            /** @Id @Column(type="integer") @GeneratedValue */
+            public $id;
+
+            /** @Column(type="string", length=50, nullable=true) */
+            public $status;
+
+            /** @Column(type="string", length=255, unique=true) */
+            public $username;
+
+            /** @Column(type="string", length=255) */
+            public $name;
+
+            /** @OneToMany(targetEntity="Phonenumber") */
+            public $phonenumbers;
+
+            /** @OneToOne(targetEntity="Address") */
+            public $address;
+
+            // ....
+        }
+
+    .. code-block:: xml
+
+        <doctrine-mapping>
+            <entity name="MyProject\Model\User">
+                <named-native-queries>
+                    <named-native-query name="fetchMultipleJoinsEntityResults" result-set-mapping="mappingMultipleJoinsEntityResults">
+                        <query>SELECT u.id AS u_id, u.name AS u_name, u.status AS u_status, a.id AS a_id, a.zip AS a_zip, a.country AS a_country, COUNT(p.phonenumber) AS numphones FROM users u INNER JOIN addresses a ON u.id = a.user_id INNER JOIN phonenumbers p ON u.id = p.user_id GROUP BY u.id, u.name, u.status, u.username, a.id, a.zip, a.country ORDER BY u.username</query>
+                    </named-native-query>
+                </named-native-queries>
+                <sql-result-set-mappings>
+                    <sql-result-set-mapping name="mappingMultipleJoinsEntityResults">
+                        <entity-result entity-class="__CLASS__">
+                            <field-result name="id" column="u_id"/>
+                            <field-result name="name" column="u_name"/>
+                            <field-result name="status" column="u_status"/>
+                        </entity-result>
+                        <entity-result entity-class="Address">
+                            <field-result name="id" column="a_id"/>
+                            <field-result name="zip" column="a_zip"/>
+                            <field-result name="country" column="a_country"/>
+                        </entity-result>
+                        <column-result name="numphones"/>
+                    </sql-result-set-mapping>
+                </sql-result-set-mappings>
+            </entity>
+        </doctrine-mapping>
+    .. code-block:: yaml
+
+        MyProject\Model\User:
+          type: entity
+          namedNativeQueries:
+            fetchMultipleJoinsEntityResults:
+              name: fetchMultipleJoinsEntityResults
+              resultSetMapping: mappingMultipleJoinsEntityResults
+              query: SELECT u.id AS u_id, u.name AS u_name, u.status AS u_status, a.id AS a_id, a.zip AS a_zip, a.country AS a_country, COUNT(p.phonenumber) AS numphones FROM users u INNER JOIN addresses a ON u.id = a.user_id INNER JOIN phonenumbers p ON u.id = p.user_id GROUP BY u.id, u.name, u.status, u.username, a.id, a.zip, a.country ORDER BY u.username
+          sqlResultSetMappings:
+            mappingMultipleJoinsEntityResults:
+              name: mappingMultipleJoinsEntityResults
+              columnResult:
+                0:
+                  name: numphones
+              entityResult:
+                0:
+                  entityClass: __CLASS__
+                  fieldResult:
+                    0:
+                      name: id
+                      column: u_id
+                    1:
+                      name: name
+                      column: u_name
+                    2:
+                      name: status
+                      column: u_status
+                1:
+                  entityClass: Address
+                  fieldResult:
+                    0:
+                      name: id
+                      column: a_id
+                    1:
+                      name: zip
+                      column: a_zip
+                    2:
+                      name: country
+                      column: a_country
+
+
+Things to note:
+    - The resultset mapping declares the entities retrieved by this native query.
+    - Each field of the entity is bound to a SQL alias (or column name).
+    - All fields of the entity including the ones of subclasses
+      and the foreign key columns of related entities have to be present in the SQL query.
+    - Field definitions are optional provided that they map to the same
+      column name as the one declared on the class property.
+    - ``__CLASS__`` is an alias for the mapped class
+
+
+In the above example,
+the ``fetchJoinedAddress`` named query use the joinMapping result set mapping.
+This mapping returns 2 entities, User and Address, each property is declared and associated to a column name,
+actually the column name retrieved by the query.
+
+Let's now see an implicit declaration of the property / column.
+
+.. configuration-block::
+
+    .. code-block:: php
+
+        <?php
+        namespace MyProject\Model;
+            /**
+             * @NamedNativeQueries({
+             *      @NamedNativeQuery(
+             *          name                = "findAll",
+             *          resultSetMapping    = "mappingFindAll",
+             *          query               = "SELECT * FROM addresses"
+             *      ),
+             * })
+             * @SqlResultSetMappings({
+             *      @SqlResultSetMapping(
+             *          name    = "mappingFindAll",
+             *          entities= {
+             *              @EntityResult(
+             *                  entityClass = "Address"
+             *              )
+             *          }
+             *      )
+             * })
+             */
+           class Address
+           {
+                /**  @Id @Column(type="integer") @GeneratedValue */
+                public $id;
+
+                /** @Column() */
+                public $country;
+
+                /** @Column() */
+                public $zip;
+
+                /** @Column()*/
+                public $city;
+
+                // ....
+            }
+
+    .. code-block:: xml
+
+        <doctrine-mapping>
+            <entity name="MyProject\Model\Address">
+                <named-native-queries>
+                    <named-native-query name="findAll" result-set-mapping="mappingFindAll">
+                        <query>SELECT * FROM addresses</query>
+                    </named-native-query>
+                </named-native-queries>
+                <sql-result-set-mappings>
+                    <sql-result-set-mapping name="mappingFindAll">
+                        <entity-result entity-class="Address"/>
+                    </sql-result-set-mapping>
+                </sql-result-set-mappings>
+            </entity>
+        </doctrine-mapping>
+    .. code-block:: yaml
+
+        MyProject\Model\Address:
+          type: entity
+          namedNativeQueries:
+            findAll:
+              resultSetMapping: mappingFindAll
+              query: SELECT * FROM addresses
+          sqlResultSetMappings:
+            mappingFindAll:
+              name: mappingFindAll
+              entityResult:
+                address:
+                  entityClass: Address
+
+
+In this example, we only describe the entity member of the result set mapping.
+The property / column mappings is done using the entity mapping values.
+In this case the model property is bound to the model_txt column.
+If the association to a related entity involve a composite primary key,
+a @FieldResult element should be used for each foreign key column.
+The @FieldResult name is composed of the property name for the relationship,
+followed by a dot ("."), followed by the name or the field or property of the primary key.
+
+
+.. configuration-block::
+
+    .. code-block:: php
+
+        <?php
+        namespace MyProject\Model;
+            /**
+             * @NamedNativeQueries({
+             *      @NamedNativeQuery(
+             *          name            = "fetchJoinedAddress",
+             *          resultSetMapping= "mappingJoinedAddress",
+             *          query           = "SELECT u.id, u.name, u.status, a.id AS a_id, a.country AS a_country, a.zip AS a_zip, a.city AS a_city FROM users u INNER JOIN addresses a ON u.id = a.user_id WHERE u.username = ?"
+             *      ),
+             * })
+             * @SqlResultSetMappings({
+             *      @SqlResultSetMapping(
+             *          name    = "mappingJoinedAddress",
+             *          entities= {
+             *              @EntityResult(
+             *                  entityClass = "__CLASS__",
+             *                  fields      = {
+             *                      @FieldResult(name = "id"),
+             *                      @FieldResult(name = "name"),
+             *                      @FieldResult(name = "status"),
+             *                      @FieldResult(name = "address.id", column = "a_id"),
+             *                      @FieldResult(name = "address.zip", column = "a_zip"),
+             *                      @FieldResult(name = "address.city", column = "a_city"),
+             *                      @FieldResult(name = "address.country", column = "a_country"),
+             *                  }
+             *              )
+             *          }
+             *      )
+             * })
+             */
+            class User
+            {
+                /** @Id @Column(type="integer") @GeneratedValue */
+                public $id;
+
+                /** @Column(type="string", length=50, nullable=true) */
+                public $status;
+
+                /** @Column(type="string", length=255, unique=true) */
+                public $username;
+
+                /** @Column(type="string", length=255) */
+                public $name;
+
+                /** @OneToOne(targetEntity="Address") */
+                public $address;
+
+                // ....
+            }
+
+    .. code-block:: xml
+
+        <doctrine-mapping>
+            <entity name="MyProject\Model\User">
+                <named-native-queries>
+                    <named-native-query name="fetchJoinedAddress" result-set-mapping="mappingJoinedAddress">
+                        <query>SELECT u.id, u.name, u.status, a.id AS a_id, a.country AS a_country, a.zip AS a_zip, a.city AS a_city FROM users u INNER JOIN addresses a ON u.id = a.user_id WHERE u.username = ?</query>
+                    </named-native-query>
+                </named-native-queries>
+                <sql-result-set-mappings>
+                    <sql-result-set-mapping name="mappingJoinedAddress">
+                        <entity-result entity-class="__CLASS__">
+                            <field-result name="id"/>
+                            <field-result name="name"/>
+                            <field-result name="status"/>
+                            <field-result name="address.id" column="a_id"/>
+                            <field-result name="address.zip"  column="a_zip"/>
+                            <field-result name="address.city"  column="a_city"/>
+                            <field-result name="address.country" column="a_country"/>
+                        </entity-result>
+                    </sql-result-set-mapping>
+                </sql-result-set-mappings>
+            </entity>
+        </doctrine-mapping>
+    .. code-block:: yaml
+
+        MyProject\Model\User:
+          type: entity
+          namedNativeQueries:
+            fetchJoinedAddress:
+              name: fetchJoinedAddress
+              resultSetMapping: mappingJoinedAddress
+              query: SELECT u.id, u.name, u.status, a.id AS a_id, a.country AS a_country, a.zip AS a_zip, a.city AS a_city FROM users u INNER JOIN addresses a ON u.id = a.user_id WHERE u.username = ?
+          sqlResultSetMappings:
+            mappingJoinedAddress:
+              entityResult:
+                0:
+                  entityClass: __CLASS__
+                  fieldResult:
+                    0:
+                      name: id
+                    1:
+                      name: name
+                    2:
+                      name: status
+                    3:
+                      name: address.id
+                      column: a_id
+                    4:
+                      name: address.zip
+                      column: a_zip
+                    5:
+                      name: address.city
+                      column: a_city
+                    6:
+                      name: address.country
+                      column: a_country
+                    
+
+
+If you retrieve a single entity and if you use the default mapping,
+you can use the resultClass attribute instead of resultSetMapping:
+
+.. configuration-block::
+
+    .. code-block:: php
+
+        <?php
+        namespace MyProject\Model;
+            /**
+             * @NamedNativeQueries({
+             *      @NamedNativeQuery(
+             *          name           = "find-by-id",
+             *          resultClass    = "Address",
+             *          query          = "SELECT * FROM addresses"
+             *      ),
+             * })
+             */
+           class Address
+           {
+                // ....
+           }
+
+    .. code-block:: xml
+
+        <doctrine-mapping>
+            <entity name="MyProject\Model\Address">
+                <named-native-queries>
+                    <named-native-query name="find-by-id" result-class="Address">
+                        <query>SELECT * FROM addresses WHERE id = ?</query>
+                    </named-native-query>
+                </named-native-queries>
+            </entity>
+        </doctrine-mapping>
+    .. code-block:: yaml
+
+        MyProject\Model\Address:
+          type: entity
+          namedNativeQueries:
+            findAll:
+              name: findAll
+              resultClass: Address
+              query: SELECT * FROM addresses
+
+
+In some of your native queries, you'll have to return scalar values,
+for example when building report queries.
+You can map them in the @SqlResultsetMapping through @ColumnResult.
+You actually can even mix, entities and scalar returns in the same native query (this is probably not that common though).
+
+.. configuration-block::
+
+    .. code-block:: php
+
+        <?php
+        namespace MyProject\Model;
+            /**
+             * @NamedNativeQueries({
+             *      @NamedNativeQuery(
+             *          name            = "count",
+             *          resultSetMapping= "mappingCount",
+             *          query           = "SELECT COUNT(*) AS count FROM addresses"
+             *      )
+             * })
+             * @SqlResultSetMappings({
+             *      @SqlResultSetMapping(
+             *          name    = "mappingCount",
+             *          columns = {
+             *              @ColumnResult(
+             *                  name = "count"
+             *              )
+             *          }
+             *      )
+             * })
+             */
+           class Address
+           {
+                // ....
+           }
+
+    .. code-block:: xml
+
+        <doctrine-mapping>
+            <entity name="MyProject\Model\Address">
+                <named-native-query name="count" result-set-mapping="mappingCount">
+                    <query>SELECT COUNT(*) AS count FROM addresses</query>
+                </named-native-query>
+                <sql-result-set-mappings>
+                    <sql-result-set-mapping name="mappingCount">
+                        <column-result name="count"/>
+                    </sql-result-set-mapping>
+                </sql-result-set-mappings>
+            </entity>
+        </doctrine-mapping>
+    .. code-block:: yaml
+
+        MyProject\Model\Address:
+          type: entity
+          namedNativeQueries:
+            count:
+              name: count
+              resultSetMapping: mappingCount
+              query: SELECT COUNT(*) AS count FROM addresses
+          sqlResultSetMappings:
+            mappingCount:
+              name: mappingCount
+              columnResult:
+                count:
+                  name: count
@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-Partial Hydration
-=================
-
-Partial hydration of entities is allowed in the array hydrator, when
-only a subset of the fields of an entity are loaded from the database
-and the nested results are still created based on the entity relationship structure.
-
-.. code-block:: php
-
-    <?php
-    $users = $em->createQuery("SELECT PARTIAL u.{id,name}, partial a.{id,street} FROM MyApp\Domain\User u JOIN u.addresses a")
-                ->getArrayResult();
-
-This is a useful optimization when you are not interested in all fields of an entity
-for performance reasons, for example in use-cases for exporting or rendering lots of data.
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ A partial object is an object whose state is not fully initialized
 after being reconstituted from the database and that is
 disconnected from the rest of its data. The following section will
 describe why partial objects are problematic and what the approach
-of Doctrine to this problem is.
+of Doctrine2 to this problem is.

 .. note::

@@ -86,3 +86,5 @@ When should I force partial objects?
 Mainly for optimization purposes, but be careful of premature
 optimization as partial objects lead to potentially more fragile
 code.
+
+
@@ -1,26 +1,96 @@
 PHP Mapping
 ===========

-Doctrine ORM also allows you to provide the ORM metadata in the form of plain
-PHP code using the ``ClassMetadata`` API. You can write the code in inside of a
-static function named ``loadMetadata($class)`` on the entity class itself.
+Doctrine 2 also allows you to provide the ORM metadata in the form
+of plain PHP code using the ``ClassMetadata`` API. You can write
+the code in PHP files or inside of a static function named
+``loadMetadata($class)`` on the entity class itself.

-Static Function
---------------
+PHP Files
+---------

-In addition to other drivers using configuration languages you can also
-programatically specify your mapping information inside of a static function
-defined on the entity class itself.
-
-This is useful for cases where you want to keep your entity and mapping
-information together but don't want to use attributes. For this you just
-need to use the ``StaticPHPDriver``:
+If you wish to write your mapping information inside PHP files that
+are named after the entity and included to populate the metadata
+for an entity you can do so by using the ``PHPDriver``:

 .. code-block:: php

    <?php
-    use Doctrine\Persistence\Mapping\Driver\StaticPHPDriver;
+    $driver = new PHPDriver('/path/to/php/mapping/files');
+    $em->getConfiguration()->setMetadataDriverImpl($driver);

+Now imagine we had an entity named ``Entities\User`` and we wanted
+to write a mapping file for it using the above configured
+``PHPDriver`` instance:
+
+.. code-block:: php
+
+    <?php
+    namespace Entities;
+
+    class User
+    {
+        private $id;
+        private $username;
+    }
+
+To write the mapping information you just need to create a file
+named ``Entities.User.php`` inside of the
+``/path/to/php/mapping/files`` folder:
+
+.. code-block:: php
+
+    <?php
+    // /path/to/php/mapping/files/Entities.User.php
+
+    $metadata->mapField(array(
+       'id' => true,
+       'fieldName' => 'id',
+       'type' => 'integer'
+    ));
+
+    $metadata->mapField(array(
+       'fieldName' => 'username',
+       'type' => 'string',
+       'options' => array(
+           'fixed' => true,
+           'comment' => "User's login name"
+       )
+    ));
+
+    $metadata->mapField(array(
+       'fieldName' => 'login_count',
+       'type' => 'integer',
+       'nullable' => false,
+       'options' => array(
+           'unsigned' => true,
+           'default' => 0
+       )
+    ));
+
+Now we can easily retrieve the populated ``ClassMetadata`` instance
+where the ``PHPDriver`` includes the file and the
+``ClassMetadataFactory`` caches it for later retrieval:
+
+.. code-block:: php
+
+    <?php
+    $class = $em->getClassMetadata('Entities\User');
+    // or
+    $class = $em->getMetadataFactory()->getMetadataFor('Entities\User');
+
+Static Function
+---------------
+
+In addition to the PHP files you can also specify your mapping
+information inside of a static function defined on the entity class
+itself. This is useful for cases where you want to keep your entity
+and mapping information together but don't want to use annotations.
+For this you just need to use the ``StaticPHPDriver``:
+
+.. code-block:: php
+
+    <?php
    $driver = new StaticPHPDriver('/path/to/entities');
    $em->getConfiguration()->setMetadataDriverImpl($driver);

@@ -87,11 +157,13 @@ The API of the ClassMetadataBuilder has the following methods with a fluent inte
 -   ``setTable($name)``
 -   ``addIndex(array $columns, $indexName)``
 -   ``addUniqueConstraint(array $columns, $constraintName)``
+-   ``addNamedQuery($name, $dqlQuery)``
 -   ``setJoinedTableInheritance()``
 -   ``setSingleTableInheritance()``
-   ``setDiscriminatorColumn($name, $type = 'string', $length = 255, $columnDefinition = null, $enumType = null, $options = [])``
+-   ``setDiscriminatorColumn($name, $type = 'string', $length = 255)``
 -   ``addDiscriminatorMapClass($name, $class)``
 -   ``setChangeTrackingPolicyDeferredExplicit()``
+-   ``setChangeTrackingPolicyNotify()``
 -   ``addLifecycleEvent($methodName, $event)``
 -   ``addManyToOne($name, $targetEntity, $inversedBy = null)``
 -   ``addInverseOneToOne($name, $targetEntity, $mappedBy)``
@@ -108,12 +180,13 @@ It also has several methods that create builders (which are necessary for advanc
 -   ``createManyToMany($name, $targetEntity)`` returns an ``ManyToManyAssociationBuilder`` instance
 -   ``createOneToMany($name, $targetEntity)`` returns an ``OneToManyAssociationBuilder`` instance

-ClassMetadata API
-----------------
+ClassMetadataInfo API
+---------------------

-The ``ClassMetadata`` class is the data object for storing the mapping
-metadata for a single entity. It contains all the getters and setters
-you need populate and retrieve information for an entity.
+The ``ClassMetadataInfo`` class is the base data object for storing
+the mapping metadata for a single entity. It contains all the
+getters and setters you need populate and retrieve information for
+an entity.

 General Setters
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
@@ -193,6 +266,7 @@ Inheritance Getters
 -  ``isInheritanceTypeNone()``
 -  ``isInheritanceTypeJoined()``
 -  ``isInheritanceTypeSingleTable()``
+-  ``isInheritanceTypeTablePerClass()``
 -  ``isInheritedField($fieldName)``
 -  ``isInheritedAssociation($fieldName)``

@@ -202,6 +276,7 @@ Change Tracking Getters

 -  ``isChangeTrackingDeferredExplicit()``
 -  ``isChangeTrackingDeferredImplicit()``
+-  ``isChangeTrackingNotify()``

 Field & Association Getters
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
@@ -229,11 +304,13 @@ Lifecycle Callback Getters
 -  ``hasLifecycleCallbacks($lifecycleEvent)``
 -  ``getLifecycleCallbacks($event)``

-Runtime reflection methods
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+ClassMetadata API
+-----------------

-These are methods related to runtime reflection for working with the
-entities themselves.
+The ``ClassMetadata`` class extends ``ClassMetadataInfo`` and adds
+the runtime functionality required by Doctrine. It adds a few extra
+methods related to runtime reflection for working with the entities
+themselves.


 -  ``getReflectionClass()``
@@ -244,3 +321,5 @@ entities themselves.
 -  ``setIdentifierValues($entity, $id)``
 -  ``setFieldValue($entity, $field, $value)``
 -  ``getFieldValue($entity, $field)``
+
+
@@ -7,20 +7,14 @@ conditionally constructing a DQL query in several steps.
 It provides a set of classes and methods that is able to
 programmatically build queries, and also provides a fluent API.
 This means that you can change between one methodology to the other
-as you want, or just pick a preferred one.
-
-.. note::
-
-    The ``QueryBuilder`` is not an abstraction of DQL, but merely a tool to dynamically build it.
-    You should still use plain DQL when you can, as it is simpler and more readable.
-    More about this in the :doc:`FAQ <faq>`.
+as you want, and also pick one if you prefer.

 Constructing a new QueryBuilder object
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

 The same way you build a normal Query, you build a ``QueryBuilder``
-object. Here is an example of how to build a ``QueryBuilder``
-object:
+object, just providing the correct method name. Here is an example
+how to build a ``QueryBuilder`` object:

 .. code-block:: php

@@ -30,9 +24,9 @@ object:
    // example1: creating a QueryBuilder instance
    $qb = $em->createQueryBuilder();

-An instance of QueryBuilder has several informative methods.  One
-good example is to inspect what type of object the
-``QueryBuilder`` is.
+Once you have created an instance of QueryBuilder, it provides a
+set of useful informative functions that you can use. One good
+example is to inspect what type of object the ``QueryBuilder`` is.

 .. code-block:: php

@@ -86,11 +80,11 @@ Working with QueryBuilder
 High level API methods
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

-The most straightforward way to build a dynamic query with the ``QueryBuilder`` is by taking
-advantage of Helper methods. For all base code, there is a set of
-useful methods to simplify a programmer's life. To illustrate how
-to work with them, here is the same example 6 re-written using
-``QueryBuilder`` helper methods:
+To simplify even more the way you build a query in Doctrine, we can take
+advantage of what we call Helper methods. For all base code, there
+is a set of useful methods to simplify a programmer's life. To
+illustrate how to work with them, here is the same example 6
+re-written using ``QueryBuilder`` helper methods:

 .. code-block:: php

@@ -103,9 +97,10 @@ to work with them, here is the same example 6 re-written using
       ->orderBy('u.name', 'ASC');

 ``QueryBuilder`` helper methods are considered the standard way to
-use the ``QueryBuilder``. The ``$qb->expr()->*`` methods can help you
-build conditional expressions dynamically. Here is a converted example 8 to
-suggested way to build queries with dynamic conditions:
+build DQL queries. Although it is supported, it should be avoided
+to use string based queries and greatly encouraged to use
+``$qb->expr()->*`` methods. Here is a converted example 8 to
+suggested standard way to build queries:

 .. code-block:: php

@@ -118,7 +113,7 @@ suggested way to build queries with dynamic conditions:
           $qb->expr()->eq('u.id', '?1'),
           $qb->expr()->like('u.nickname', '?2')
       ))
-       ->orderBy('u.surname', 'ASC');
+       ->orderBy('u.surname', 'ASC'));

 Here is a complete list of helper methods available in ``QueryBuilder``:

@@ -131,7 +126,7 @@ Here is a complete list of helper methods available in ``QueryBuilder``:
        // Example - $qb->select(array('u', 'p'))
        // Example - $qb->select($qb->expr()->select('u', 'p'))
        public function select($select = null);
-
+        
        // addSelect does not override previous calls to select
        //
        // Example - $qb->select('u');
@@ -252,23 +247,8 @@ while the named placeholders start with a : followed by a string.
 Calling ``setParameter()`` automatically infers which type you are setting as
 value. This works for integers, arrays of strings/integers, DateTime instances
 and for managed entities. If you want to set a type explicitly you can call
-the third argument to ``setParameter()`` explicitly. It accepts either a DBAL
-``Doctrine\DBAL\ParameterType::*`` or a DBAL Type name for conversion.
-
-.. note::
-
-    Even though passing DateTime instance is allowed, it impacts performance 
-    as by default there is an attempt to load metadata for object, and if it's not found, 
-    type is inferred from the original value.
-    
-.. code-block:: php
-
-    <?php
-    
-    use Doctrine\DBAL\Types\Types;
-    
-    // prevents attempt to load metadata for date time class, improving performance
-    $qb->setParameter('date', new \DateTimeImmutable(), Types::DATETIME_IMMUTABLE)
+the third argument to ``setParameter()`` explicitly. It accepts either a PDO
+type or a DBAL Type name for conversion.

 If you've got several parameters to bind to your query, you can
 also use setParameters() instead of setParameter() with the
@@ -277,17 +257,10 @@ following syntax:
 .. code-block:: php

    <?php
-
-    use Doctrine\Common\Collections\ArrayCollection;
-    use Doctrine\ORM\Query\Parameter;
-    
    // $qb instanceof QueryBuilder

    // Query here...
-    $qb->setParameters(new ArrayCollection([
-        new Parameter('1', 'value for ?1'),
-        new Parameter('2', 'value for ?2')
-    ]));
+    $qb->setParameters(array(1 => 'value for ?1', 2 => 'value for ?2'));

 Getting already bound parameters is easy - simply use the above
 mentioned syntax with "getParameter()" or "getParameters()":
@@ -344,7 +317,7 @@ the Query object which can be retrieved from ``EntityManager#createQuery()``.
 Executing a Query
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

-The QueryBuilder is a builder object only -  it has no means of actually
+The QueryBuilder is a builder object only, it has no means of actually
 executing the Query. Additionally a set of parameters such as query hints
 cannot be set on the QueryBuilder itself. This is why you always have to convert
 a querybuilder instance into a Query object:
@@ -361,7 +334,6 @@ a querybuilder instance into a Query object:

    // Execute Query
    $result = $query->getResult();
-    $iterableResult = $query->toIterable();
    $single = $query->getSingleResult();
    $array = $query->getArrayResult();
    $scalar = $query->getScalarResult();
@@ -434,12 +406,6 @@ complete list of supported helper methods available:
        // Example - $qb->expr()->isNotNull('u.id') => u.id IS NOT NULL
        public function isNotNull($x); // Returns string

-        // Example - $qb->expr()->isMemberOf('?1', 'u.groups') => ?1 MEMBER OF u.groups
-        public function isMemberOf($x, $y); // Returns Expr\Comparison instance
-
-        // Example - $qb->expr()->isInstanceOf('u', Employee::class) => u INSTANCE OF Employee
-        public function isInstanceOf($x, $y); // Returns Expr\Comparison instance
-

        /** Arithmetic objects **/

@@ -526,9 +492,6 @@ complete list of supported helper methods available:
        // Example - $qb->expr()->sqrt('u.currentBalance')
        public function sqrt($x); // Returns Expr\Func

-        // Example - $qb->expr()->mod('u.currentBalance', '10')
-        public function mod($x); // Returns Expr\Func
-
        // Example - $qb->expr()->count('u.firstname')
        public function count($x); // Returns Expr\Func

@@ -536,32 +499,14 @@ complete list of supported helper methods available:
        public function countDistinct($x); // Returns Expr\Func
    }

-Adding a Criteria to a Query
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-
-You can also add a :ref:`filtering-collections` to a QueryBuilder by
-using ``addCriteria``:
-
-.. code-block:: php
-
-    <?php
-    use Doctrine\Common\Collections\Criteria;
-    // ...
-
-    $criteria = Criteria::create()
-        ->orderBy(['firstName' => Criteria::ASC]);
-
-    // $qb instanceof QueryBuilder
-    $qb->addCriteria($criteria);
-    // then execute your query like normal

 Low Level API
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^

-Now we will describe the low level method of creating queries.
-It may be useful to work at this level for optimization purposes,
-but most of the time it is preferred to work at a higher level of
-abstraction.
+Now we have describe the low level (thought of as the
+hardcore method) of creating queries. It may be useful to work at
+this level for optimization purposes, but most of the time it is
+preferred to work at a higher level of abstraction.

 All helper methods in ``QueryBuilder`` actually rely on a single
 one: ``add()``. This method is responsible of building every piece
@@ -578,6 +523,8 @@ of DQL. It takes 3 parameters: ``$dqlPartName``, ``$dqlPart`` and
   not (no effect on the ``where`` and ``having`` DQL query parts,
   which always override all previously defined items)

+-
+
 .. code-block:: php

    <?php
@@ -612,20 +559,7 @@ same query of example 6 written using
      ->add('where', new Expr\Comparison('u.id', '=', '?1'))
      ->add('orderBy', new Expr\OrderBy('u.name', 'ASC'));

-Binding Parameters to Placeholders
----------------------------------
+Of course this is the hardest way to build a DQL query in Doctrine.
+To simplify some of these efforts, we introduce what we call as
+``Expr`` helper class.

-It is often not necessary to know about the exact placeholder names when
-building a query. You can use a helper method to bind a value to a placeholder
-and directly use that placeholder in your query as a return value:
-
-.. code-block:: php
-
-    <?php
-    // $qb instanceof QueryBuilder
-
-    $qb->select('u')
-        ->from('User', 'u')
-        ->where('u.email = ' .  $qb->createNamedParameter($userInputEmail))
-    ;
-    // SELECT u FROM User u WHERE email = :dcValue1
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ The Second Level Cache is designed to reduce the amount of necessary database ac
 It sits between your application and the database to avoid the number of database hits as much as possible.

 When turned on, entities will be first searched in cache and if they are not found,
-a database query will be fired and then the entity result will be stored in a cache provider.
+a database query will be fired an then the entity result will be stored in a cache provider.

 There are some flavors of caching available, but is better to cache read-only data.

@@ -31,31 +31,31 @@ Each cache region resides in a specific cache namespace and has its own lifetime
 Notice that when caching collection and queries only identifiers are stored.
 The entity values will be stored in its own region

-Something like below for an entity region:
+Something like below for an entity region :

 .. code-block:: php

    <?php
    [
-      'region_name:entity_1_hash' => ['id' => 1, 'name' => 'FooBar', 'associationName' => null],
-      'region_name:entity_2_hash' => ['id' => 2, 'name' => 'Foo', 'associationName' => ['id' => 11]],
-      'region_name:entity_3_hash' => ['id' => 3, 'name' => 'Bar', 'associationName' => ['id' => 22]]
+      'region_name:entity_1_hash' => ['id'=> 1, 'name' => 'FooBar', 'associationName'=>null],
+      'region_name:entity_2_hash' => ['id'=> 2, 'name' => 'Foo', 'associationName'=>['id'=>11]],
+      'region_name:entity_3_hash' => ['id'=> 3, 'name' => 'Bar', 'associationName'=>['id'=>22]]
    ];


 If the entity holds a collection that also needs to be cached.
-An collection region could look something like:
+An collection region could look something like :

 .. code-block:: php

    <?php
    [
-      'region_name:entity_1_coll_assoc_name_hash' => ['ownerId' => 1, 'list' => [1, 2, 3]],
-      'region_name:entity_2_coll_assoc_name_hash' => ['ownerId' => 2, 'list' => [2, 3]],
-      'region_name:entity_3_coll_assoc_name_hash' => ['ownerId' => 3, 'list' => [2, 4]]
+      'region_name:entity_1_coll_assoc_name_hash' => ['ownerId'=> 1, 'list' => [1, 2, 3]],
+      'region_name:entity_2_coll_assoc_name_hash' => ['ownerId'=> 2, 'list' => [2, 3]],
+      'region_name:entity_3_coll_assoc_name_hash' => ['ownerId'=> 3, 'list' => [2, 4]]
    ];

-A query region might be something like:
+A query region might be something like :

 .. code-block:: php

@@ -77,10 +77,11 @@ A query region might be something like:
 Cache Regions
 -------------

-``Doctrine\ORM\Cache\Region\DefaultRegion`` is the default implementation.
+``Doctrine\ORM\Cache\Region\DefaultRegion`` It's the default implementation.
 A simplest cache region compatible with all doctrine-cache drivers but does not support locking.
+
 ``Doctrine\ORM\Cache\Region`` and ``Doctrine\ORM\Cache\ConcurrentRegion``
-define contracts that should be implemented by a cache provider.
+Defines contracts that should be implemented by a cache provider.

 It allows you to provide your own cache implementation that might take advantage of specific cache driver.

@@ -90,8 +91,13 @@ If you want to support locking for ``READ_WRITE`` strategies you should implemen
 Cache region
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~

-``Doctrine\ORM\Cache\Region`` defines a contract for accessing a particular
-cache region.
+Defines a contract for accessing a particular region.
+
+``Doctrine\ORM\Cache\Region``
+
+Defines a contract for accessing a particular cache region.
+
+`See API Doc <http://www.doctrine-project.org/api/orm/2.5/class-Doctrine.ORM.Cache.Region.html/>`_.

 Concurrent cache region
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
@@ -101,7 +107,11 @@ By default, Doctrine provides a very simple implementation based on file locks `

 If you want to use an ``READ_WRITE`` cache, you should consider providing your own cache region.

-``Doctrine\ORM\Cache\ConcurrentRegion`` defines a contract for concurrently managed data region.
+``Doctrine\ORM\Cache\ConcurrentRegion``
+
+Defines contract for concurrently managed data region.
+
+`See API Doc <http://www.doctrine-project.org/api/orm/2.5/class-Doctrine.ORM.Cache.ConcurrentRegion.html/>`_.

 Timestamp region
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
@@ -110,6 +120,8 @@ Timestamp region

 Tracks the timestamps of the most recent updates to particular entity.

+`See API Doc <http://www.doctrine-project.org/api/orm/2.5/class-Doctrine.ORM.Cache.TimestampRegion.html/>`_.
+
 .. _reference-second-level-cache-mode:

 Caching mode
@@ -126,7 +138,7 @@ Caching mode

  * Read Write Cache doesn’t employ any locks but can do reads, inserts, updates and deletes.
  * Good if the application needs to update data rarely.
-
+    

 * ``READ_WRITE``

@@ -137,25 +149,25 @@ Caching mode


 Built-in cached persisters
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

 Cached persisters are responsible to access cache regions.

-    +-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
-    | Cache Usage           | Persister                                                                                |
-    +=======================+==========================================================================================+
-    | READ_ONLY             | ``Doctrine\ORM\Cache\Persister\Entity\ReadOnlyCachedEntityPersister``                    |
-    +-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
-    | READ_WRITE            | ``Doctrine\ORM\Cache\Persister\Entity\ReadWriteCachedEntityPersister``                   |
-    +-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
-    | NONSTRICT_READ_WRITE  | ``Doctrine\ORM\Cache\Persister\Entity\NonStrictReadWriteCachedEntityPersister``          |
-    +-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
-    | READ_ONLY             | ``Doctrine\ORM\Cache\Persister\Collection\ReadOnlyCachedCollectionPersister``            |
-    +-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
-    | READ_WRITE            | ``Doctrine\ORM\Cache\Persister\Collection\ReadWriteCachedCollectionPersister``           |
-    +-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
-    | NONSTRICT_READ_WRITE  | ``Doctrine\ORM\Cache\Persister\Collection\NonStrictReadWriteCachedCollectionPersister``  |
-    +-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
+    +-----------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
+    | Cache Usage           | Persister                                                                     |
+    +=======================+===============================================================================+
+    | READ_ONLY             | Doctrine\\ORM\\Cache\\Persister\\ReadOnlyCachedEntityPersister                |
+    +-----------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
+    | READ_WRITE            | Doctrine\\ORM\\Cache\\Persister\\ReadWriteCachedEntityPersister               |
+    +-----------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
+    | NONSTRICT_READ_WRITE  | Doctrine\\ORM\\Cache\\Persister\\NonStrictReadWriteCachedEntityPersister      |
+    +-----------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
+    | READ_ONLY             | Doctrine\\ORM\\Cache\\Persister\\ReadOnlyCachedCollectionPersister            |
+    +-----------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
+    | READ_WRITE            | Doctrine\\ORM\\Cache\\Persister\\ReadWriteCachedCollectionPersister           |
+    +-----------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
+    | NONSTRICT_READ_WRITE  | Doctrine\\ORM\\Cache\\Persister\\NonStrictReadWriteCacheCollectionPersister   |
+    +-----------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

 Configuration
 -------------
@@ -165,17 +177,16 @@ Doctrine allows you to specify configurations and some points of extension for t
 Enable Second Level Cache
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

-To enable the second-level-cache, you should provide a cache factory.
-``Doctrine\ORM\Cache\DefaultCacheFactory`` is the default implementation.
+To enable the second-level-cache, you should provide a cache factory
+``\Doctrine\ORM\Cache\DefaultCacheFactory`` is the default implementation.

 .. code-block:: php

    <?php
-    /** @var \Doctrine\ORM\Cache\RegionsConfiguration $cacheConfig */
-    /** @var \Psr\Cache\CacheItemPoolInterface $cache */
-    /** @var \Doctrine\ORM\Configuration $config */
+    /* @var $config \Doctrine\ORM\Cache\RegionsConfiguration */
+    /* @var $cache \Doctrine\Common\Cache\Cache */

-    $factory = new \Doctrine\ORM\Cache\DefaultCacheFactory($cacheConfig, $cache);
+    $factory = new \Doctrine\ORM\Cache\DefaultCacheFactory($config, $cache);

    // Enable second-level-cache
    $config->setSecondLevelCacheEnabled();
@@ -190,18 +201,15 @@ Cache Factory

 Cache Factory is the main point of extension.

-It allows you to provide a specific implementation of the following components:
+It allows you to provide a specific implementation of the following components :

-``QueryCache``
-    stores and retrieves query cache results.
-``CachedEntityPersister``
-    stores and retrieves entity results.
-``CachedCollectionPersister``
-    stores and retrieves query results.
-``EntityHydrator``
-    transforms entities into a cache entries and cache entries into entities
-``CollectionHydrator``
-    transforms collections into cache entries and cache entries into collections
+* ``QueryCache`` Store and retrieve query cache results.
+* ``CachedEntityPersister`` Store and retrieve entity results.
+* ``CachedCollectionPersister`` Store and retrieve query results.
+* ``EntityHydrator``  Transform an entity into a cache entry and cache entry into entities
+* ``CollectionHydrator`` Transform a collection into a cache entry and cache entry into collection
+
+`See API Doc <http://www.doctrine-project.org/api/orm/2.5/class-Doctrine.ORM.Cache.DefaultCacheFactory.html/>`_.

 Region Lifetime
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
@@ -211,28 +219,27 @@ To specify a default lifetime for all regions or specify a different lifetime fo
 .. code-block:: php

    <?php
-    /** @var \Doctrine\ORM\Configuration $config */
-    /** @var \Doctrine\ORM\Cache\CacheConfiguration $cacheConfig */
-    /** @var \Doctrine\ORM\Cache\RegionsConfiguration $regionConfig */
+    /* @var $config \Doctrine\ORM\Configuration */
+    /* @var $cacheConfig \Doctrine\ORM\Configuration */
    $cacheConfig  =  $config->getSecondLevelCacheConfiguration();
    $regionConfig =  $cacheConfig->getRegionsConfiguration();

    // Cache Region lifetime
-    $regionConfig->setLifetime('my_entity_region', 3600);   // Time to live for a specific region (in seconds)
-    $regionConfig->setDefaultLifetime(7200);                // Default time to live (in seconds)
+    $regionConfig->setLifetime('my_entity_region', 3600);   // Time to live for a specific region; In seconds
+    $regionConfig->setDefaultLifetime(7200);                // Default time to live; In seconds


 Cache Log
 ~~~~~~~~~
 By providing a cache logger you should be able to get information about all cache operations such as hits, misses and puts.

-``Doctrine\ORM\Cache\Logging\StatisticsCacheLogger`` is a built-in implementation that provides basic statistics.
+``\Doctrine\ORM\Cache\Logging\StatisticsCacheLogger`` is a built-in implementation that provides basic statistics.

 .. code-block:: php

    <?php
-    /** @var \Doctrine\ORM\Configuration $config */
-    $logger = new \Doctrine\ORM\Cache\Logging\StatisticsCacheLogger();
+    /* @var $config \Doctrine\ORM\Configuration */
+    $logger = \Doctrine\ORM\Cache\Logging\StatisticsCacheLogger();

    // Cache logger
    $config->setSecondLevelCacheEnabled(true);
@@ -260,37 +267,42 @@ By providing a cache logger you should be able to get information about all cach
    // Get the total number of cached entries *not* found in all regions.
    $logger->getMissCount();

-If you want to get more information you should implement
-``Doctrine\ORM\Cache\Logging\CacheLogger`` and collect
-all the information you want.
+If you want to get more information you should implement ``\Doctrine\ORM\Cache\Logging\CacheLogger``.
+and collect all information you want.
+
+`See API Doc <http://www.doctrine-project.org/api/orm/2.5/class-Doctrine.ORM.Cache.CacheLogger.html/>`_.
+

 Entity cache definition
 -----------------------
 * Entity cache configuration allows you to define the caching strategy and region for an entity.

-  * ``usage`` specifies the caching strategy: ``READ_ONLY``,
-``NONSTRICT_READ_WRITE``, ``READ_WRITE``.
-See :ref:`reference-second-level-cache-mode`.
-  * ``region`` is an optional value that specifies the name of the second
-level cache region.
+  * ``usage`` Specifies the caching strategy: ``READ_ONLY``, ``NONSTRICT_READ_WRITE``, ``READ_WRITE``. see :ref:`reference-second-level-cache-mode`
+  * ``region`` Optional value that specifies the name of the second level cache region.


 .. configuration-block::

-    .. code-block:: attribute
+    .. code-block:: php

        <?php
-        #[Entity]
-        #[Cache(usage: 'READ_ONLY', region: 'my_entity_region')]
+        /**
+         * @Entity
+         * @Cache(usage="READ_ONLY", region="my_entity_region")
+         */
        class Country
        {
-            #[Id]
-            #[GeneratedValue]
-            #[Column]
-            protected int|null $id = null;
+            /**
+             * @Id
+             * @GeneratedValue
+             * @Column(type="integer")
+             */
+            protected $id;

-            #[Column(unique: true)]
-            protected string $name;
+            /**
+             * @Column(unique=true)
+             */
+            protected $name;

            // other properties and methods
        }
@@ -298,10 +310,7 @@ level cache region.
    .. code-block:: xml

        <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
-        <doctrine-mapping xmlns="http://doctrine-project.org/schemas/orm/doctrine-mapping"
-                          xmlns:xsi="https://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
-                          xsi:schemaLocation="http://doctrine-project.org/schemas/orm/doctrine-mapping
-                                              https://www.doctrine-project.org/schemas/orm/doctrine-mapping.xsd">
+        <doctrine-mapping xmlns="http://doctrine-project.org/schemas/orm/doctrine-mapping" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://doctrine-project.org/schemas/orm/doctrine-mapping http://doctrine-project.org/schemas/orm/doctrine-mapping.xsd">
          <entity name="Country">
            <cache usage="READ_ONLY" region="my_entity_region" />
            <id name="id" type="integer" column="id">
@@ -311,6 +320,24 @@ level cache region.
          </entity>
        </doctrine-mapping>

+    .. code-block:: yaml
+
+        Country:
+          type: entity
+          cache:
+            usage : READ_ONLY
+            region : my_entity_region
+          id:
+            id:
+              type: integer
+              id: true
+              generator:
+                strategy: IDENTITY
+          fields:
+            name:
+              type: string
+
+
 Association cache definition
 ----------------------------
 The most common use case is to cache entities. But we can also cache relationships.
@@ -319,30 +346,39 @@ It caches the primary keys of association and cache each element will be cached

 .. configuration-block::

-    .. code-block:: attribute
+    .. code-block:: php

        <?php
-        #[Entity]
-        #[Cache(usage: 'NONSTRICT_READ_WRITE')]
+        /**
+         * @Entity
+         * @Cache("NONSTRICT_READ_WRITE")
+         */
        class State
        {
-            #[Id]
-            #[GeneratedValue]
-            #[Column]
-            protected int|null $id = null;
+            /**
+             * @Id
+             * @GeneratedValue
+             * @Column(type="integer")
+             */
+            protected $id;

-            #[Column(unique: true)]
-            protected string $name;
+            /**
+             * @Column(unique=true)
+             */
+            protected $name;

-            #[Cache(usage: 'NONSTRICT_READ_WRITE')]
-            #[ManyToOne(targetEntity: Country::class)]
-            #[JoinColumn(name: 'country_id', referencedColumnName: 'id')]
-            protected Country|null $country = null;
+            /**
+             * @Cache("NONSTRICT_READ_WRITE")
+             * @ManyToOne(targetEntity="Country")
+             * @JoinColumn(name="country_id", referencedColumnName="id")
+             */
+            protected $country;

-            /** @var Collection<int, City> */
-            #[Cache(usage: 'NONSTRICT_READ_WRITE')]
-            #[OneToMany(targetEntity: City::class, mappedBy: 'state')]
-            protected Collection $cities;
+            /**
+             * @Cache("NONSTRICT_READ_WRITE")
+             * @OneToMany(targetEntity="City", mappedBy="state")
+             */
+            protected $cities;

            // other properties and methods
        }
@@ -350,10 +386,7 @@ It caches the primary keys of association and cache each element will be cached
    .. code-block:: xml

        <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
-        <doctrine-mapping xmlns="http://doctrine-project.org/schemas/orm/doctrine-mapping"
-                          xmlns:xsi="https://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
-                          xsi:schemaLocation="http://doctrine-project.org/schemas/orm/doctrine-mapping
-                                              https://www.doctrine-project.org/schemas/orm/doctrine-mapping.xsd">
+        <doctrine-mapping xmlns="http://doctrine-project.org/schemas/orm/doctrine-mapping" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://doctrine-project.org/schemas/orm/doctrine-mapping http://doctrine-project.org/schemas/orm/doctrine-mapping.xsd">
          <entity name="State">

            <cache usage="NONSTRICT_READ_WRITE" />
@@ -363,7 +396,7 @@ It caches the primary keys of association and cache each element will be cached
            </id>

            <field name="name" type="string" column="name"/>
-
+            
            <many-to-one field="country" target-entity="Country">
              <cache usage="NONSTRICT_READ_WRITE" />

@@ -378,9 +411,40 @@ It caches the primary keys of association and cache each element will be cached
          </entity>
        </doctrine-mapping>

-.. note::
+    .. code-block:: yaml

-    for this to work, the target entity must also be marked as cacheable.
+        State:
+          type: entity
+          cache:
+            usage : NONSTRICT_READ_WRITE
+          id:
+            id:
+              type: integer
+              id: true
+              generator:
+                strategy: IDENTITY
+          fields:
+            name:
+              type: string
+
+          manyToOne:
+            state:
+              targetEntity: Country
+              joinColumns:
+                country_id:
+                  referencedColumnName: id
+              cache:
+                usage : NONSTRICT_READ_WRITE
+
+          oneToMany:
+            cities:
+              targetEntity:City
+              mappedBy: state
+              cache:
+                usage : NONSTRICT_READ_WRITE
+
+
+> Note: for this to work, the target entity must also be marked as cacheable.

 Cache usage
 ~~~~~~~~~~~
@@ -397,8 +461,8 @@ Basic entity cache

    $country1  = $em->find('Country', 1); // Retrieve item from cache

-    $country1->setName('New Name');
-
+    $country->setName("New Name");
+    $em->persist($country);
    $em->flush();                         // Hit database to update the row and update cache

    $em->clear();                         // Clear entity manager
@@ -423,7 +487,7 @@ Association cache
    $state = $em->find('State', 1);

    // Hit database to update the row and update cache entry
-    $state->setName('New Name');
+    $state->setName("New Name");
    $em->persist($state);
    $em->flush();

@@ -474,14 +538,14 @@ The query cache stores the results of the query but as identifiers, entity value
 .. code-block:: php

    <?php
-    /** @var \Doctrine\ORM\EntityManager $em */
+    /* @var $em \Doctrine\ORM\EntityManager */

    // Execute database query, store query cache and entity cache
    $result1 = $em->createQuery('SELECT c FROM Country c ORDER BY c.name')
        ->setCacheable(true)
        ->getResult();

-    $em->clear();
+    $em->clear()

    // Check if query result is valid and load entities from cache
    $result2 = $em->createQuery('SELECT c FROM Country c ORDER BY c.name')
@@ -501,22 +565,21 @@ The Cache Mode controls how a particular query interacts with the second-level c
 .. code-block:: php

    <?php
-    /** @var \Doctrine\ORM\EntityManager $em */
+    /* @var $em \Doctrine\ORM\EntityManager */
    // Will refresh the query cache and all entities the cache as it reads from the database.
    $result1 = $em->createQuery('SELECT c FROM Country c ORDER BY c.name')
-        ->setCacheMode(\Doctrine\ORM\Cache::MODE_GET)
+        ->setCacheMode(Cache::MODE_GET)
        ->setCacheable(true)
        ->getResult();

 .. note::

-    The default query cache mode is ```Cache::MODE_NORMAL```
+    The the default query cache mode is ```Cache::MODE_NORMAL```

 DELETE / UPDATE queries
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

-DQL UPDATE / DELETE statements are ported directly into a database and bypass
-the second-level cache.
+DQL UPDATE / DELETE statements are ported directly into a database and bypass the second-level cache,
 Entities that are already cached will NOT be invalidated.
 However the cached data could be evicted using the cache API or an special query hint.

@@ -528,7 +591,7 @@ Execute the ``UPDATE`` and invalidate ``all cache entries`` using ``Query::HINT_
    <?php
    // Execute and invalidate
    $this->_em->createQuery("UPDATE Entity\Country u SET u.name = 'unknown' WHERE u.id = 1")
-        ->setHint(\Doctrine\ORM\Query::HINT_CACHE_EVICT, true)
+        ->setHint(Query::HINT_CACHE_EVICT, true)
        ->execute();


@@ -556,10 +619,10 @@ Execute the ``UPDATE`` and invalidate ``a specific cache entry`` using the cache
    $em->getCache()->evictEntity('Entity\Country', 1);

 Using the repository query cache
--------------------------------
+---------------------

 As well as ``Query Cache`` all persister queries store only identifier values for an individual query.
-All persisters use a single timestamp cache region to keep track of the last update for each persister,
+All persister use a single timestamps cache region keeps track of the last update for each persister,
 When a query is loaded from cache, the timestamp region is checked for the last update for that persister.
 Using the last update timestamps as part of the query key invalidate the cache key when an update occurs.

@@ -578,7 +641,7 @@ Using the last update timestamps as part of the query key invalidate the cache k
    $em->clear();

    // Reload from database.
-    // At this point the query cache key is no longer valid, the select goes straight to the database
+    // At this point the query cache key if not logger valid, the select goes straight
    $entities   = $em->getRepository('Entity\Country')->findAll();

 Cache API
@@ -590,7 +653,7 @@ However, you can use the cache API to check / invalidate cache entries.
 .. code-block:: php

    <?php
-    /** @var \Doctrine\ORM\Cache $cache */
+    /* @var $cache \Doctrine\ORM\Cache */
    $cache = $em->getCache();

    $cache->containsEntity('Entity\State', 1)      // Check if the cache exists
@@ -614,35 +677,40 @@ For performance reasons the cache API does not extract from composite primary ke
 .. code-block:: php

    <?php
-
-    #[Entity]
+    /**
+     * @Entity
+     */
    class Reference
    {
-        #[Id]
-        #[ManyToOne(targetEntity: Article::class, inversedBy: 'references')]
-        #[JoinColumn(name: 'source_id', referencedColumnName: 'article_id')]
-        private Article|null $source = null;
+        /**
+         * @Id
+         * @ManyToOne(targetEntity="Article", inversedBy="references")
+         * @JoinColumn(name="source_id", referencedColumnName="article_id")
+         */
+        private $source;

-        #[Id]
-        #[ManyToOne(targetEntity: Article::class, inversedBy: 'references')]
-        #[JoinColumn(name: 'target_id', referencedColumnName: 'article_id')]
+        /**
+         * @Id
+         * @ManyToOne(targetEntity="Article")
+         * @JoinColumn(name="target_id", referencedColumnName="article_id")
+         */
        private $target;
    }

    // Supported
-    /** @var Article $article */
+    /* @var $article Article */
    $article = $em->find('Article', 1);

    // Supported
-    /** @var Article $article */
+    /* @var $article Article */
    $article = $em->find('Article', $article);

    // Supported
-    $id        = ['source' => 1, 'target' => 2];
+    $id        = array('source' => 1, 'target' => 2);
    $reference = $em->find('Reference', $id);

    // NOT Supported
-    $id        = ['source' => new Article(1), 'target' => new Article(2)];
+    $id        = array('source' => new Article(1), 'target' => new Article(2));
    $reference = $em->find('Reference', $id);

 Distributed environments
@@ -660,5 +728,4 @@ Paginator
 ~~~~~~~~~

 Count queries generated by ``Doctrine\ORM\Tools\Pagination\Paginator`` are not cached by second-level cache.
-Although entities and query result are cached, count queries will hit the
-database every time.
+Although entities and query result are cached count queries will hit the database every time.
@@ -10,10 +10,11 @@ we cannot protect you from SQL injection.
 Please also read the documentation chapter on Security in Doctrine DBAL. This
 page only handles Security issues in the ORM.

- `DBAL Security Page <https://www.doctrine-project.org/projects/doctrine-dbal/en/current/reference/security.html>`
+- [DBAL Security Page](https://github.com/doctrine/dbal/blob/master/docs/en/reference/security.rst)

-If you find a Security bug in Doctrine, please follow our
-`Security reporting guidelines <https://www.doctrine-project.org/policies/security.html#reporting>`_.
+If you find a Security bug in Doctrine, please report it on Jira and change the
+Security Level to "Security Issues". It will be visible to Doctrine Core
+developers and you only.

 User input and Doctrine ORM
 ---------------------------
@@ -31,7 +32,7 @@ You can consider the following APIs to be safe from SQL injection:
 - Queries through the Criteria API on ``Doctrine\ORM\PersistentCollection`` and
  ``Doctrine\ORM\EntityRepository``.

-You are **NOT** safe from SQL injection when using user input with:
+You are **NOT** save from SQL injection when using user input with:

 - Expression API of ``Doctrine\ORM\QueryBuilder``
 - Concatenating user input into DQL SELECT, UPDATE or DELETE statements or
@@ -97,20 +98,19 @@ entity might look like this:

    <?php

-    #[Entity]
+    /**
+     * @Entity
+     */
    class InsecureEntity
    {
-        #[Id, Column, GeneratedValue]
-        private int|null $id = null;
+        /** @Id @Column(type="integer") @GeneratedValue */
+        private $id;
+        /** @Column */
+        private $email;
+        /** @Column(type="boolean") */
+        private $isAdmin;

-        #[Column]
-        private string $email;
-
-        #[Column]
-        private bool $isAdmin;
-
-        /** @param array<string, mixed> $userInput */
-        public function fromArray(array $userInput): void
+        public function fromArray(array $userInput)
        {
            foreach ($userInput as $key => $value) {
                $this->$key = $value;
@@ -118,8 +118,8 @@ entity might look like this:
        }
    }

-Now the possiblity of mass-assignment exists on this entity and can
-be exploited by attackers to set the "isAdmin" flag to true on any
+Now the possiblity of mass-asignment exists on this entity and can
+be exploitet by attackers to set the "isAdmin" flag to true on any
 object when you pass the whole request data to this method like:

 .. code-block:: php
@@ -5,67 +5,91 @@ Doctrine Console
 ----------------

 The Doctrine Console is a Command Line Interface tool for simplifying common
-administration tasks during the development of a project that uses ORM.
+administration tasks during the development of a project that uses Doctrine 2.

-For the following examples, we will set up the CLI as ``bin/doctrine``.
+Take a look at the :doc:`Installation and Configuration <configuration>`
+chapter for more information how to setup the console command.

-Setting Up the Console
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+Display Help Information
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Type ``php vendor/bin/doctrine`` on the command line and you should see an
+overview of the available commands or use the --help flag to get
+information on the available commands. If you want to know more
+about the use of generate entities for example, you can call:
+
+.. code-block:: php
+
+    $> php vendor/bin/doctrine orm:generate-entities --help
+
+
+Configuration
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~

 Whenever the ``doctrine`` command line tool is invoked, it can
-access all Commands that were registered by a developer. There is no
+access all Commands that were registered by developer. There is no
 auto-detection mechanism at work. The Doctrine binary
 already registers all the commands that currently ship with
 Doctrine DBAL and ORM. If you want to use additional commands you
 have to register them yourself.

-All the commands of the Doctrine Console require access to the
-``EntityManager``. You have to inject it into the console application.
+All the commands of the Doctrine Console require access to the ``EntityManager``
+or ``DBAL`` Connection. You have to inject them into the console application
+using so called Helper-Sets. This requires either the ``db``
+or the ``em`` helpers to be defined in order to work correctly.

-Here is an example of a the project-specific ``bin/doctrine`` binary.
+Whenever you invoke the Doctrine binary the current folder is searched for a
+``cli-config.php`` file. This file contains the project specific configuration:

 .. code-block:: php

-    #!/usr/bin/env php
    <?php
+    $helperSet = new \Symfony\Component\Console\Helper\HelperSet(array(
+        'db' => new \Doctrine\DBAL\Tools\Console\Helper\ConnectionHelper($conn)
+    ));
+    $cli->setHelperSet($helperSet);

-    use Doctrine\ORM\Tools\Console\ConsoleRunner;
-    use Doctrine\ORM\Tools\Console\EntityManagerProvider\SingleManagerProvider;
+When dealing with the ORM package, the EntityManagerHelper is
+required:

-    // replace with path to your own project bootstrap file
-    require_once 'bootstrap.php';
+.. code-block:: php

-    // replace with mechanism to retrieve EntityManager in your app
-    $entityManager = GetEntityManager();
+    <?php
+    $helperSet = new \Symfony\Component\Console\Helper\HelperSet(array(
+        'em' => new \Doctrine\ORM\Tools\Console\Helper\EntityManagerHelper($em)
+    ));
+    $cli->setHelperSet($helperSet);

-    $commands = [
-        // If you want to add your own custom console commands,
-        // you can do so here.
-    ];
+The HelperSet instance has to be generated in a separate file (i.e.
+``cli-config.php``) that contains typical Doctrine bootstrap code
+and predefines the needed HelperSet attributes mentioned above. A
+sample ``cli-config.php`` file looks as follows:

-    ConsoleRunner::run(
-        new SingleManagerProvider($entityManager),
-        $commands
-    );
+.. code-block:: php

-.. note::
+    <?php
+    // cli-config.php
+    require_once 'my_bootstrap.php';
+
+    // Any way to access the EntityManager from  your application
+    $em = GetMyEntityManager();
+    
+    $helperSet = new \Symfony\Component\Console\Helper\HelperSet(array(
+        'db' => new \Doctrine\DBAL\Tools\Console\Helper\ConnectionHelper($em->getConnection()),
+        'em' => new \Doctrine\ORM\Tools\Console\Helper\EntityManagerHelper($em)
+    ));
+
+It is important to define a correct HelperSet that Doctrine binary
+script will ultimately use. The Doctrine Binary will automatically
+find the first instance of HelperSet in the global variable
+namespace and use this.
+
+.. note:: 

    You have to adjust this snippet for your specific application or framework
    and use their facilities to access the Doctrine EntityManager and
    Connection Resources.

-Display Help Information
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-Type ``php bin/doctrine`` on the command line and you should see an
-overview of the available commands or use the ``--help`` flag to get
-information on the available commands. If you want to know more
-about the use of generate entities for example, you can call:
-
-::
-
-    $> php bin/doctrine orm:generate-entities --help
-
 Command Overview
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

@@ -83,8 +107,18 @@ The following Commands are currently available:
   cache drivers.
 -  ``orm:clear-cache:result`` Clear result cache of the various
   cache drivers.
+-  ``orm:convert-d1-schema`` Converts Doctrine 1.X schema into a
+   Doctrine 2.X schema.
+-  ``orm:convert-mapping`` Convert mapping information between
+   supported formats.
+-  ``orm:ensure-production-settings`` Verify that Doctrine is
+   properly configured for a production environment.
+-  ``orm:generate-entities`` Generate entity classes and method
+   stubs from your mapping information.
 -  ``orm:generate-proxies`` Generates proxy classes for entity
   classes.
+-  ``orm:generate-repositories`` Generate repository classes from
+   your mapping information.
 -  ``orm:run-dql`` Executes arbitrary DQL directly from the command
   line.
 -  ``orm:schema-tool:create`` Processes the schema and either
@@ -97,10 +131,14 @@ The following Commands are currently available:
   update the database schema of EntityManager Storage Connection or
   generate the SQL output.

-The following alias is defined:
+For these commands are also available aliases:


+-  ``orm:convert:d1-schema`` is alias for ``orm:convert-d1-schema``.
+-  ``orm:convert:mapping`` is alias for ``orm:convert-mapping``.
+-  ``orm:generate:entities`` is alias for ``orm:generate-entities``.
 -  ``orm:generate:proxies`` is alias for ``orm:generate-proxies``.
+-  ``orm:generate:repositories`` is alias for ``orm:generate-repositories``.

 .. note::

@@ -135,7 +173,7 @@ When using the SchemaTool class directly, create your schema using
 the ``createSchema()`` method. First create an instance of the
 ``SchemaTool`` and pass it an instance of the ``EntityManager``
 that you want to use to create the schema. This method receives an
-array of ``ClassMetadata`` instances.
+array of ``ClassMetadataInfo`` instances.

 .. code-block:: php

@@ -166,8 +204,8 @@ tables of the current model to clean up with orphaned tables.

 You can also use database introspection to update your schema
 easily with the ``updateSchema()`` method. It will compare your
-existing database schema to the passed array of ``ClassMetadata``
-instances.
+existing database schema to the passed array of
+``ClassMetdataInfo`` instances.

 .. code-block:: php

@@ -181,40 +219,208 @@ To create the schema use the ``create`` command:

 .. code-block:: php

-    $ php bin/doctrine orm:schema-tool:create
+    $ php doctrine orm:schema-tool:create

 To drop the schema use the ``drop`` command:

 .. code-block:: php

-    $ php bin/doctrine orm:schema-tool:drop
+    $ php doctrine orm:schema-tool:drop

 If you want to drop and then recreate the schema then use both
 options:

 .. code-block:: php

-    $ php bin/doctrine orm:schema-tool:drop
-    $ php bin/doctrine orm:schema-tool:create
+    $ php doctrine orm:schema-tool:drop
+    $ php doctrine orm:schema-tool:create

 As you would think, if you want to update your schema use the
 ``update`` command:

 .. code-block:: php

-    $ php bin/doctrine orm:schema-tool:update
+    $ php doctrine orm:schema-tool:update

 All of the above commands also accept a ``--dump-sql`` option that
 will output the SQL for the ran operation.

 .. code-block:: php

-    $ php bin/doctrine orm:schema-tool:create --dump-sql
+    $ php doctrine orm:schema-tool:create --dump-sql
+
+Before using the orm:schema-tool commands, remember to configure
+your cli-config.php properly.
+
+.. note::
+
+    When using the Annotation Mapping Driver you have to either setup
+    your autoloader in the cli-config.php correctly to find all the
+    entities, or you can use the second argument of the
+    ``EntityManagerHelper`` to specify all the paths of your entities
+    (or mapping files), i.e.
+    ``new \Doctrine\ORM\Tools\Console\Helper\EntityManagerHelper($em, $mappingPaths);``
+
+Entity Generation
+-----------------
+
+Generate entity classes and method stubs from your mapping information.
+
+.. code-block:: php
+
+    $ php doctrine orm:generate-entities
+    $ php doctrine orm:generate-entities --update-entities
+    $ php doctrine orm:generate-entities --regenerate-entities
+
+This command is not suited for constant usage. It is a little helper and does
+not support all the mapping edge cases very well. You still have to put work
+in your entities after using this command.
+
+It is possible to use the EntityGenerator on code that you have already written. It will
+not be lost. The EntityGenerator will only append new code to your
+file and will not delete the old code. However this approach may still be prone
+to error and we suggest you use code repositories such as GIT or SVN to make
+backups of your code.
+
+It makes sense to generate the entity code if you are using entities as Data
+Access Objects only and don't put much additional logic on them. If you are
+however putting much more logic on the entities you should refrain from using
+the entity-generator and code your entities manually.
+
+.. note::
+
+    Even if you specified Inheritance options in your
+    XML or YAML Mapping files the generator cannot generate the base and
+    child classes for you correctly, because it doesn't know which
+    class is supposed to extend which. You have to adjust the entity
+    code manually for inheritance to work!
+
+
+Convert Mapping Information
+---------------------------
+
+Convert mapping information between supported formats.
+
+This is an **execute one-time** command. It should not be necessary for
+you to call this method multiple times, especially when using the ``--from-database``
+flag.
+
+Converting an existing database schema into mapping files only solves about 70-80%
+of the necessary mapping information. Additionally the detection from an existing
+database cannot detect inverse associations, inheritance types,
+entities with foreign keys as primary keys and many of the
+semantical operations on associations such as cascade.
+
+.. note::
+
+    There is no need to convert YAML or XML mapping files to annotations
+    every time you make changes. All mapping drivers are first class citizens
+    in Doctrine 2 and can be used as runtime mapping for the ORM. See the
+    docs on XML and YAML Mapping for an example how to register this metadata
+    drivers as primary mapping source.
+
+To convert some mapping information between the various supported
+formats you can use the ``ClassMetadataExporter`` to get exporter
+instances for the different formats:
+
+.. code-block:: php
+
+    <?php
+    $cme = new \Doctrine\ORM\Tools\Export\ClassMetadataExporter();
+
+Once you have a instance you can use it to get an exporter. For
+example, the yml exporter:
+
+.. code-block:: php
+
+    <?php
+    $exporter = $cme->getExporter('yml', '/path/to/export/yml');
+
+Now you can export some ``ClassMetadata`` instances:
+
+.. code-block:: php
+
+    <?php
+    $classes = array(
+      $em->getClassMetadata('Entities\User'),
+      $em->getClassMetadata('Entities\Profile')
+    );
+    $exporter->setMetadata($classes);
+    $exporter->export();
+
+This functionality is also available from the command line to
+convert your loaded mapping information to another format. The
+``orm:convert-mapping`` command accepts two arguments, the type to
+convert to and the path to generate it:
+
+.. code-block:: php
+
+    $ php doctrine orm:convert-mapping xml /path/to/mapping-path-converted-to-xml
+
+Reverse Engineering
+-------------------
+
+You can use the ``DatabaseDriver`` to reverse engineer a database
+to an array of ``ClassMetadataInfo`` instances and generate YAML,
+XML, etc. from them.
+
+.. note::
+
+    Reverse Engineering is a **one-time** process that can get you started with a project.
+    Converting an existing database schema into mapping files only detects about 70-80%
+    of the necessary mapping information. Additionally the detection from an existing
+    database cannot detect inverse associations, inheritance types,
+    entities with foreign keys as primary keys and many of the
+    semantical operations on associations such as cascade.
+
+First you need to retrieve the metadata instances with the
+``DatabaseDriver``:
+
+.. code-block:: php
+
+    <?php
+    $em->getConfiguration()->setMetadataDriverImpl(
+        new \Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\Driver\DatabaseDriver(
+            $em->getConnection()->getSchemaManager()
+        )
+    );
+    
+    $cmf = new DisconnectedClassMetadataFactory();
+    $cmf->setEntityManager($em);
+    $metadata = $cmf->getAllMetadata();
+
+Now you can get an exporter instance and export the loaded metadata
+to yml:
+
+.. code-block:: php
+
+    <?php
+    $exporter = $cme->getExporter('yml', '/path/to/export/yml');
+    $exporter->setMetadata($metadata);
+    $exporter->export();
+
+You can also reverse engineer a database using the
+``orm:convert-mapping`` command:
+
+.. code-block:: php
+
+    $ php doctrine orm:convert-mapping --from-database yml /path/to/mapping-path-converted-to-yml
+
+.. note::
+
+    Reverse Engineering is not always working perfectly
+    depending on special cases. It will only detect Many-To-One
+    relations (even if they are One-To-One) and will try to create
+    entities from Many-To-Many tables. It also has problems with naming
+    of foreign keys that have multiple column names. Any Reverse
+    Engineered Database-Schema needs considerable manual work to become
+    a useful domain model.
+

 Runtime vs Development Mapping Validation
 -----------------------------------------

-For performance reasons Doctrine ORM has to skip some of the
+For performance reasons Doctrine 2 has to skip some of the
 necessary validation of metadata mappings. You have to execute
 this validation in your development workflow to verify the
 associations are correctly defined.
@@ -225,11 +431,6 @@ You can either use the Doctrine Command Line Tool:

    doctrine orm:validate-schema

-If the validation fails, you can change the verbosity level to
-check the detected errors:
-
-    doctrine orm:validate-schema -v
-
 Or you can trigger the validation manually:

 .. code-block:: php
@@ -275,7 +476,7 @@ To include a new command on Doctrine Console, you need to do modify the

    <?php
    // doctrine.php
-    use Symfony\Component\Console\Application;
+    use Symfony\Component\Console\Helper\Application;

    // as before ...

@@ -324,3 +525,4 @@ HelperSet, like it is described in the configuration section.

    // Runs console application
    $cli->run();
+
@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 Transactions and Concurrency
 ============================

-.. _transactions-and-concurrency_transaction-demarcation:
-
 Transaction Demarcation
 -----------------------

@@ -16,20 +14,18 @@ transaction. Without any explicit transaction demarcation from your
 side, this quickly results in poor performance because transactions
 are not cheap.

-For the most part, Doctrine ORM already takes care of proper
+For the most part, Doctrine 2 already takes care of proper
 transaction demarcation for you: All the write operations
 (INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE) are queued until ``EntityManager#flush()``
 is invoked which wraps all of these changes in a single
 transaction.

-However, Doctrine ORM also allows (and encourages) you to take over
+However, Doctrine 2 also allows (and encourages) you to take over
 and control transaction demarcation yourself.

 These are two ways to deal with transactions when using the
 Doctrine ORM and are now described in more detail.

-.. _transactions-and-concurrency_approach-implicitly:
-
 Approach 1: Implicitly
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

@@ -53,8 +49,6 @@ the DML operations by the Doctrine ORM and is sufficient if all the
 data manipulation that is part of a unit of work happens through
 the domain model and thus the ORM.

-.. _transactions-and-concurrency_approach-explicitly:
-
 Approach 2: Explicitly
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

@@ -68,14 +62,14 @@ looks like this:
    // $em instanceof EntityManager
    $em->getConnection()->beginTransaction(); // suspend auto-commit
    try {
-        // ... do some work
+        //... do some work
        $user = new User;
        $user->setName('George');
        $em->persist($user);
        $em->flush();
        $em->getConnection()->commit();
    } catch (Exception $e) {
-        $em->getConnection()->rollBack();
+        $em->getConnection()->rollback();
        throw $e;
    }

@@ -88,7 +82,7 @@ requirement.

 A more convenient alternative for explicit transaction demarcation is the use
 of provided control abstractions in the form of
-``Connection#transactional($func)`` and ``EntityManager#wrapInTransaction($func)``.
+``Connection#transactional($func)`` and ``EntityManager#transactional($func)``.
 When used, these control abstractions ensure that you never forget to rollback
 the transaction, in addition to the obvious code reduction. An example that is
 functionally equivalent to the previously shown code looks as follows:
@@ -96,18 +90,9 @@ functionally equivalent to the previously shown code looks as follows:
 .. code-block:: php

    <?php
-    // transactional with Connection instance
-    // $conn instanceof Connection
-    $conn->transactional(function($conn) {
-        // ... do some work
-        $user = new User;
-        $user->setName('George');
-    });
-
-    // transactional with EntityManager instance
    // $em instanceof EntityManager
-    $em->wrapInTransaction(function($em) {
-        // ... do some work
+    $em->transactional(function($em) {
+        //... do some work
        $user = new User;
        $user->setName('George');
        $em->persist($user);
@@ -116,10 +101,8 @@ functionally equivalent to the previously shown code looks as follows:
 The difference between ``Connection#transactional($func)`` and
 ``EntityManager#transactional($func)`` is that the latter
 abstraction flushes the ``EntityManager`` prior to transaction
-commit and in case of an exception the ``EntityManager`` gets closed
-in addition to the transaction rollback.
-
-.. _transactions-and-concurrency_exception-handling:
+commit and rolls back the transaction when an
+exception occurs.

 Exception Handling
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
@@ -151,18 +134,14 @@ knowing that their state is potentially no longer accurate.
 If you intend to start another unit of work after an exception has
 occurred you should do that with a new ``EntityManager``.

-.. _transactions-and-concurrency_locking-support:
-
 Locking Support
 ---------------

-Doctrine ORM offers support for Pessimistic- and Optimistic-locking
+Doctrine 2 offers support for Pessimistic- and Optimistic-locking
 strategies natively. This allows to take very fine-grained control
 over what kind of locking is required for your Entities in your
 application.

-.. _transactions-and-concurrency_optimistic-locking:
-
 Optimistic Locking
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

@@ -189,50 +168,30 @@ has been modified by someone else already.
 You designate a version field in an entity as follows. In this
 example we'll use an integer.

-.. configuration-block::
+.. code-block:: php

-    .. code-block:: attribute
-
-        <?php
-        class User
-        {
-            // ...
-            #[Version, Column(type: 'integer')]
-            private int $version;
-            // ...
-        }
-
-    .. code-block:: xml
-
-        <doctrine-mapping>
-          <entity name="User">
-            <field name="version" type="integer" version="true" />
-          </entity>
-        </doctrine-mapping>
+    <?php
+    class User
+    {
+        // ...
+        /** @Version @Column(type="integer") */
+        private $version;
+        // ...
+    }

 Alternatively a datetime type can be used (which maps to a SQL
 timestamp or datetime):

-.. configuration-block::
+.. code-block:: php

-    .. code-block:: attribute
-
-        <?php
-        class User
-        {
-            // ...
-            #[Version, Column(type: 'datetime')]
-            private DateTime $version;
-            // ...
-        }
-
-    .. code-block:: xml
-
-        <doctrine-mapping>
-          <entity name="User">
-            <field name="version" type="datetime" version="true" />
-          </entity>
-        </doctrine-mapping>
+    <?php
+    class User
+    {
+        // ...
+        /** @Version @Column(type="datetime") */
+        private $version;
+        // ...
+    }

 Version numbers (not timestamps) should however be preferred as
 they can not potentially conflict in a highly concurrent
@@ -263,15 +222,15 @@ either when calling ``EntityManager#find()``:
    <?php
    use Doctrine\DBAL\LockMode;
    use Doctrine\ORM\OptimisticLockException;
-
+    
    $theEntityId = 1;
    $expectedVersion = 184;
-
+    
    try {
        $entity = $em->find('User', $theEntityId, LockMode::OPTIMISTIC, $expectedVersion);
-
+    
        // do the work
-
+    
        $em->flush();
    } catch(OptimisticLockException $e) {
        echo "Sorry, but someone else has already changed this entity. Please apply the changes again!";
@@ -284,16 +243,16 @@ Or you can use ``EntityManager#lock()`` to find out:
    <?php
    use Doctrine\DBAL\LockMode;
    use Doctrine\ORM\OptimisticLockException;
-
+    
    $theEntityId = 1;
    $expectedVersion = 184;
-
+    
    $entity = $em->find('User', $theEntityId);
-
+    
    try {
        // assert version
        $em->lock($entity, LockMode::OPTIMISTIC, $expectedVersion);
-
+    
    } catch(OptimisticLockException $e) {
        echo "Sorry, but someone else has already changed this entity. Please apply the changes again!";
    }
@@ -332,7 +291,7 @@ See the example code, The form (GET Request):

    <?php
    $post = $em->find('BlogPost', 123456);
-
+    
    echo '<input type="hidden" name="id" value="' . $post->getId() . '" />';
    echo '<input type="hidden" name="version" value="' . $post->getCurrentVersion() . '" />';

@@ -343,15 +302,13 @@ And the change headline action (POST Request):
    <?php
    $postId = (int)$_GET['id'];
    $postVersion = (int)$_GET['version'];
-
+    
    $post = $em->find('BlogPost', $postId, \Doctrine\DBAL\LockMode::OPTIMISTIC, $postVersion);

-.. _transactions-and-concurrency_pessimistic-locking:
-
 Pessimistic Locking
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

-Doctrine ORM supports Pessimistic Locking at the database level. No
+Doctrine 2 supports Pessimistic Locking at the database level. No
 attempt is being made to implement pessimistic locking inside
 Doctrine, rather vendor-specific and ANSI-SQL commands are used to
 acquire row-level locks. Every Entity can be part of a pessimistic
@@ -360,11 +317,11 @@ lock, there is no special metadata required to use this feature.
 However for Pessimistic Locking to work you have to disable the
 Auto-Commit Mode of your Database and start a transaction around
 your pessimistic lock use-case using the "Approach 2: Explicit
-Transaction Demarcation" described above. Doctrine ORM will throw an
+Transaction Demarcation" described above. Doctrine 2 will throw an
 Exception if you attempt to acquire an pessimistic lock and no
 transaction is running.

-Doctrine ORM currently supports two pessimistic lock modes:
+Doctrine 2 currently supports two pessimistic lock modes:


 -  Pessimistic Write
@@ -374,7 +331,7 @@ Doctrine ORM currently supports two pessimistic lock modes:
   locks other concurrent requests that attempt to update or lock rows
   in write mode.

-You can use pessimistic locks in four different scenarios:
+You can use pessimistic locks in three different scenarios:


 1. Using
@@ -386,10 +343,8 @@ You can use pessimistic locks in four different scenarios:
   or
   ``EntityManager#lock($entity, \Doctrine\DBAL\LockMode::PESSIMISTIC_READ)``
 3. Using
-   ``EntityManager#refresh($entity, \Doctrine\DBAL\LockMode::PESSIMISTIC_WRITE)``
-   or
-   ``EntityManager#refresh($entity, \Doctrine\DBAL\LockMode::PESSIMISTIC_READ)``
-4. Using
   ``Query#setLockMode(\Doctrine\DBAL\LockMode::PESSIMISTIC_WRITE)``
   or
   ``Query#setLockMode(\Doctrine\DBAL\LockMode::PESSIMISTIC_READ)``
+
+
@@ -1,164 +0,0 @@
-Implementing a TypedFieldMapper
-===============================
-
-.. versionadded:: 2.14
-
-You can specify custom typed field mapping between PHP type and DBAL type using ``Doctrine\ORM\Configuration``
-and a custom ``Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\TypedFieldMapper`` implementation.
-
-.. code-block:: php
-
-    <?php
-    $configuration->setTypedFieldMapper(new CustomTypedFieldMapper());
-
-
-DefaultTypedFieldMapper
-----------------------
-
-By default the ``Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\DefaultTypedFieldMapper`` is used, and you can pass an array of
-PHP type => DBAL type mappings into its constructor to override the default behavior or add new mappings.
-
-.. code-block:: php
-
-    <?php
-    use App\CustomIds\CustomIdObject;
-    use App\DBAL\Type\CustomIdObjectType;
-    use Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\DefaultTypedFieldMapper;
-
-    $configuration->setTypedFieldMapper(new DefaultTypedFieldMapper([
-        CustomIdObject::class => CustomIdObjectType::class,
-    ]));
-
-Then, an entity using the ``CustomIdObject`` typed field will be correctly assigned its DBAL type
-(``CustomIdObjectType``) without the need of explicit declaration.
-
-.. configuration-block::
-
-    .. code-block:: attribute
-
-        <?php
-        #[ORM\Entity]
-        #[ORM\Table(name: 'cms_users_typed_with_custom_typed_field')]
-        class UserTypedWithCustomTypedField
-        {
-            #[ORM\Column]
-            public CustomIdObject $customId;
-
-            // ...
-        }
-
-    .. code-block:: xml
-
-        <doctrine-mapping>
-          <entity name="UserTypedWithCustomTypedField">
-            <field name="customId"/>
-            <!-- -->
-          </entity>
-        </doctrine-mapping>
-
-    .. code-block:: yaml
-
-        UserTypedWithCustomTypedField:
-          type: entity
-          fields:
-            customId: ~
-
-It is perfectly valid to override even the "automatic" mapping rules mentioned above:
-
-.. code-block:: php
-
-    <?php
-    use App\DBAL\Type\CustomIntType;
-    use Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\DefaultTypedFieldMapper;
-
-    $configuration->setTypedFieldMapper(new DefaultTypedFieldMapper([
-        'int' => CustomIntType::class,
-    ]));
-
-.. note::
-
-    If chained, once the first ``TypedFieldMapper`` assigns a type to a field, the ``DefaultTypedFieldMapper`` will
-    ignore its mapping and not override it anymore (if it is later in the chain). See below for chaining type mappers.
-
-
-TypedFieldMapper interface
-------------------------
-The interface ``Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\TypedFieldMapper`` allows you to implement your own
-typed field mapping logic. It consists of just one function
-
-
-.. code-block:: php
-
-    <?php
-    /**
-     * Validates & completes the given field mapping based on typed property.
-     *
-     * @param array{fieldName: string, enumType?: string, type?: mixed}  $mapping The field mapping to validate & complete.
-     * @param \ReflectionProperty                                        $field
-     *
-     * @return array{fieldName: string, enumType?: string, type?: mixed} The updated mapping.
-     */
-    public function validateAndComplete(array $mapping, ReflectionProperty $field): array;
-
-
-ChainTypedFieldMapper
---------------------
-
-The class ``Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\ChainTypedFieldMapper`` allows you to chain multiple ``TypedFieldMapper`` instances.
-When being evaluated, the ``TypedFieldMapper::validateAndComplete`` is called in the order in which
-the instances were supplied to the ``ChainTypedFieldMapper`` constructor.
-
-.. code-block:: php
-
-    <?php
-    use App\DBAL\Type\CustomIntType;
-    use Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\ChainTypedFieldMapper;
-    use Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\DefaultTypedFieldMapper;
-
-    $configuration->setTypedFieldMapper(
-        new ChainTypedFieldMapper(
-            new DefaultTypedFieldMapper(['int' => CustomIntType::class,]),
-            new CustomTypedFieldMapper()
-        )
-    );
-
-
-Implementing a TypedFieldMapper
-------------------------------
-
-If you want to assign all ``BackedEnum`` fields to your custom ``BackedEnumDBALType`` or you want to use different
-DBAL types based on whether the entity field is nullable or not, you can achieve this by implementing your own
-typed field mapper.
-
-You need to create a class which implements ``Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\TypedFieldMapper``.
-
-.. code-block:: php
-
-    <?php
-    final class CustomEnumTypedFieldMapper implements TypedFieldMapper
-    {
-        /**
-         * {@inheritDoc}
-         */
-        public function validateAndComplete(array $mapping, ReflectionProperty $field): array
-        {
-            $type = $field->getType();
-
-            if (
-                ! isset($mapping['type'])
-                && ($type instanceof ReflectionNamedType)
-            ) {
-                if (! $type->isBuiltin() && enum_exists($type->getName())) {
-                    $mapping['type'] = BackedEnumDBALType::class;
-                }
-            }
-
-            return $mapping;
-        }
-    }
-
-.. note::
-
-    Note that this case checks whether the mapping is already assigned, and if yes, it skips it. This is up to your
-    implementation. You can make a "greedy" mapper which will always override the mapping with its own type, or one
-    that behaves like the ``DefaultTypedFieldMapper`` and does not modify the type once its set prior in the chain.
@@ -15,12 +15,12 @@ Bidirectional Associations

 The following rules apply to **bidirectional** associations:

- The inverse side has to have the ``mappedBy`` attribute of the OneToOne,
-  OneToMany, or ManyToMany mapping declaration. The ``mappedBy``
+- The inverse side has to use the ``mappedBy`` attribute of the OneToOne,
+  OneToMany, or ManyToMany mapping declaration. The mappedBy
  attribute contains the name of the association-field on the owning side.
- The owning side has to have the ``inversedBy`` attribute of the
-  OneToOne, ManyToOne, or ManyToMany mapping declaration.
-  The ``inversedBy`` attribute contains the name of the association-field
+- The owning side has to use the ``inversedBy`` attribute of the
+  OneToOne, ManyToOne, or ManyToMany mapping declaration. 
+  The inversedBy attribute contains the name of the association-field
  on the inverse-side.
 - ManyToOne is always the owning side of a bidirectional association.
 - OneToMany is always the inverse side of a bidirectional association.
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ side of the association and these 2 references both represent the
 same association but can change independently of one another. Of
 course, in a correct application the semantics of the bidirectional
 association are properly maintained by the application developer
-(that's their responsibility). Doctrine needs to know which of these
+(that's his responsibility). Doctrine needs to know which of these
 two in-memory references is the one that should be persisted and
 which not. This is what the owning/inverse concept is mainly used
 for.
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ ask for an entity with a specific ID twice, it will return the same instance:

 .. code-block:: php

-    public function testIdentityMap(): void
+    public function testIdentityMap()
    {
        $objectA = $this->entityManager->find('EntityName', 1);
        $objectB = $this->entityManager->find('EntityName', 1);
@@ -34,11 +34,11 @@ will still end up with the same reference:

 .. code-block:: php

-    public function testIdentityMapReference(): void
+    public function testIdentityMapReference()
    {
        $objectA = $this->entityManager->getReference('EntityName', 1);
-        // check entity is not initialized
-        $this->assertTrue($this->entityManager->isUninitializedObject($objectA));
+        // check for proxyinterface
+        $this->assertInstanceOf('Doctrine\ORM\Proxy\Proxy', $objectA);

        $objectB = $this->entityManager->find('EntityName', 1);

@@ -102,9 +102,9 @@ How Doctrine Detects Changes
 ----------------------------

 Doctrine is a data-mapper that tries to achieve persistence-ignorance (PI).
-This means you map PHP objects into a relational database that don't
+This means you map php objects into a relational database that don't
 necessarily know about the database at all. A natural question would now be,
-"how does Doctrine even detect objects have changed?".
+"how does Doctrine even detect objects have changed?". 

 For this Doctrine keeps a second map inside the UnitOfWork. Whenever you fetch
 an object from the database Doctrine will keep a copy of all the properties and
@@ -129,10 +129,12 @@ optimize the performance of the Flush Operation:
 - Temporarily mark entities as read only. If you have a very large UnitOfWork
  but know that a large set of entities has not changed, just mark them as read
  only with ``$entityManager->getUnitOfWork()->markReadOnly($entity)``.
+- Flush only a single entity with ``$entityManager->flush($entity)``.
 - Use :doc:`Change Tracking Policies <change-tracking-policies>` to use more
  explicit strategies of notifying the UnitOfWork what objects/properties
  changed.

+
 Query Internals
 ---------------

@@ -146,15 +148,15 @@ Hydration
 ~~~~~~~~~

 Responsible for creating a final result from a raw database statement and a
-result-set mapping object. The developer can choose which kind of result they
-wish to be hydrated. Default result-types include:
+result-set mapping object. The developer can choose which kind of result he
+wishes to be hydrated. Default result-types include:

 - SQL to Entities
 - SQL to structured Arrays
 - SQL to simple scalar result arrays
 - SQL to a single result variable

-Hydration to entities and arrays is one of the most complex parts of Doctrine
+Hydration to entities and arrays is one of most complex parts of Doctrine
 algorithm-wise. It can build results with for example:

 - Single table selects
@@ -196,3 +198,4 @@ ClassMetadataFactory
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

 tbr
+
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More