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MySQL Conf technical talk

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Rasmus Lerdorf
2007-04-24 08:40:38 +00:00
parent d0919a1571
commit 71b9993fc9
10 changed files with 239 additions and 3 deletions
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<presentation
template="php2"
navmode="html"
titlecolor="#1111aa"
navbarbackground="url(images/trans-ffffff.png)"
logo1="images/php-med-trans-light.gif"
titlesize="2em"
navbarheight="4.1em"
>
<!--
Scale, latency, and security are the key words for this year's talk. In order to build
these bigger and faster web applications, PHP has gotten bigger and faster as well.
This talk will explore recent PHP development and apply it to the three key words.
-->
<topic>PHP</topic>
<title>Performance and Security</title>
<event>MySQL Conference</event>
<location>Santa Clara</location>
<date>Apr.24, 2007</date>
<speaker>Rasmus Lerdorf</speaker>
<email>rasmus@php.net</email>
<url>http://talks.php.net/show/mysql07</url>
<slide>slides/intro/titlepage.xml</slide>
<slide>slides/intro/sls.xml</slide>
<!-- Performance -->
<slide>slides/intro/performance_title.xml</slide>
<slide>slides/intro/mysqlnd1.xml</slide>
<slide>slides/intro/mysqlnd2.xml</slide>
<slide>slides/intro/mysqlnd3.xml</slide>
<slide>slides/intro/opt_callgrind.xml</slide>
<slide>slides/intro/mysqlnd4.xml</slide>
<slide>slides/intro/mysqlnd5.xml</slide>
<!-- Security -->
<slide>slides/intro/security_title.xml</slide>
<slide>slides/intro/xss_basic.xml</slide>
<slide>slides/intro/xss_yrisk.xml</slide>
<slide>slides/intro/input_filter2.xml</slide>
<slide>slides/intro/xss_type1.xml</slide>
<slide>slides/intro/xss_type2.xml</slide>
<slide>slides/intro/xss_type3.xml</slide>
<slide>slides/intro/xss_type4.xml</slide>
<slide>slides/intro/xss_type5.xml</slide>
<slide>slides/intro/xss_type6.xml</slide>
<slide>slides/intro/xss_type7.xml</slide>
<slide>slides/intro/xss_type8.xml</slide>
<slide>slides/intro/the_web_is_broken.xml</slide>
<slide>slides/intro/xsrf.xml</slide>
<slide>slides/intro/perfsec_ref.xml</slide>
</presentation>

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<slide title="mysqlnd">
<break lines="1" />
<list marginleft="3em" fontsize="5em" title="New MySQL Native Driver" align="center">
<bullet> PHP-specific MySQL client library</bullet>
<bullet> Much less copying data around</bullet>
<bullet> Better L1/L2 cache usage</bullet>
</list>
<break lines="1" />
<list marginleft="3em" fontsize="5em" title="Tight Integration with PHP" align="center">
<bullet> Memory manager</bullet>
<bullet> Streams</bullet>
<bullet> Internal zval caching</bullet>
<bullet> Persistent connections</bullet>
</list>
<blurb fontsize="9em" align="center">Sounds Fast!</blurb>
</slide>

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<slide title="mysqlnd">
<break lines="1" />
<example fontsize="1em" type="shell" title="A Drupal Page view"><![CDATA[
7 Connect root@localhost on
7 Init DB drupal
7 Query SET NAMES "utf8"
7 Query SELECT CASE WHEN status=1 THEN 0 ELSE 1 END FROM access WHERE type = 'host' AND LOWER('192.168.200.104') LIKE LOWER(mask) ORDER BY status DESC LIMIT 0, 1
7 Query SELECT u.*, s.* FROM users u INNER JOIN sessions s ON u.uid = s.uid WHERE s.sid = '5dfc4afd45113b5b523c2e5dd9f2ca71'
7 Query SELECT data, created, headers, expire FROM cache WHERE cid = 'variables'
7 Query SELECT data, created, headers, expire FROM cache_page WHERE cid = 'http://drupal.lerdorf.com/'
7 Query SELECT COUNT(pid) FROM url_alias
7 Query SELECT name, filename, throttle, bootstrap FROM system WHERE type = 'module' AND status = 1 ORDER BY weight ASC, filename ASC
7 Query SELECT data, created, headers, expire FROM cache_menu WHERE cid = '0:en'
7 Query SELECT DISTINCT(p.perm) FROM role r INNER JOIN permission p ON p.rid = r.rid WHERE r.rid IN (1)
7 Query SELECT data, created, headers, expire FROM cache WHERE cid = 'views_with_inline_args:en'
7 Query SELECT COUNT(*) FROM node_access WHERE nid = 0 AND ((gid = 0 AND realm = 'all')) AND grant_view >= 1
7 Query SELECT COUNT(*) FROM node n WHERE n.promote = 1 AND n.status = 1
7 Query SELECT n.nid, n.sticky, n.created FROM node n WHERE n.promote = 1 AND n.status = 1 ORDER BY n.sticky DESC, n.created DESC LIMIT 0, 10
7 Query SELECT * FROM system WHERE type = 'theme'
7 Query SELECT n.nid, n.vid, n.type, n.status, n.created, n.changed, n.comment, n.promote, n.sticky, r.timestamp AS revision_timestamp, r.title, r.body, r.teaser, r.log, r.format, u.uid, u.name, u.picture, u.data FROM node n INNER JOIN users u ON u.uid = n.uid INNER JOIN node_revisions r ON r.vid = n.vid WHERE n.nid = 4
7 Query SELECT nt.type, nt.* FROM node_type nt ORDER BY nt.type ASC
7 Query SELECT runtime, active FROM poll WHERE nid = 4
7 Query SELECT chtext, chvotes, chorder FROM poll_choices WHERE nid = 4 ORDER BY chorder
7 Query SELECT parent, weight FROM book WHERE vid = 4
7 Query SELECT last_comment_timestamp, last_comment_name, comment_count FROM node_comment_statistics WHERE nid = 4
7 Query SELECT t.* FROM term_node r INNER JOIN term_data t ON r.tid = t.tid INNER JOIN vocabulary v ON t.vid = v.vid WHERE r.nid = 4 ORDER BY v.weight, t.weight, t.name
7 Query SELECT * FROM files f INNER JOIN file_revisions r ON f.fid = r.fid WHERE r.vid = 4 ORDER BY f.fid
7 Query SELECT l.lid, ln.nid, url, url_md5, weight, clicks, module, l.link_title AS link_link_title, ln.link_title AS node_link_title FROM links_node ln LEFT JOIN links l ON l.lid=ln.lid WHERE ln.nid=4 AND module='links_related' ORDER BY weight, l.link_title
7 Query SELECT * FROM variable WHERE name like 'event_nodeapi_%'
7 Query SELECT l.lid, ln.nid, url, url_md5, weight, clicks, module, l.link_title AS link_link_title, ln.link_title AS node_link_title FROM links_node ln LEFT JOIN links l ON l.lid=ln.lid WHERE ln.nid=4 AND module='links_related' ORDER BY weight, l.link_title
7 Query SELECT l.lid, ln.nid, url, url_md5, weight, clicks, module, l.link_title AS link_link_title, ln.link_title AS node_link_title FROM links_node ln LEFT JOIN links l ON l.lid=ln.lid WHERE ln.nid=4 AND module='links_weblink' ORDER BY weight, l.link_title
7 Query SELECT n.nid, n.vid, n.type, n.status, n.created, n.changed, n.comment, n.promote, n.sticky, r.timestamp AS revision_timestamp, r.title, r.body, r.teaser, r.log, r.format, u.uid, u.name, u.picture, u.data FROM node n INNER JOIN users u ON u.uid = n.uid INNER JOIN node_revisions r ON r.vid = n.vid WHERE n.nid = 3
7 Query SELECT parent, weight FROM book WHERE vid = 3
7 Query SELECT last_comment_timestamp, last_comment_name, comment_count FROM node_comment_statistics WHERE nid = 3
7 Query SELECT t.* FROM term_node r INNER JOIN term_data t ON r.tid = t.tid INNER JOIN vocabulary v ON t.vid = v.vid WHERE r.nid = 3 ORDER BY v.weight, t.weight, t.name
7 Query SELECT * FROM files f INNER JOIN file_revisions r ON f.fid = r.fid WHERE r.vid = 3 ORDER BY f.fid
7 Query SELECT data, created, headers, expire FROM cache_filter WHERE cid = '1:098f6bcd4621d373cade4e832627b4f6'
7 Query SELECT l.lid, ln.nid, url, url_md5, weight, clicks, module, l.link_title AS link_link_title, ln.link_title AS node_link_title FROM links_node ln LEFT JOIN links l ON l.lid=ln.lid WHERE ln.nid=3 AND module='links_related' ORDER BY weight, l.link_title
7 Query SELECT l.lid, ln.nid, url, url_md5, weight, clicks, module, l.link_title AS link_link_title, ln.link_title AS node_link_title FROM links_node ln LEFT JOIN links l ON l.lid=ln.lid WHERE ln.nid=3 AND module='links_related' ORDER BY weight, l.link_title
7 Query SELECT l.lid, ln.nid, url, url_md5, weight, clicks, module, l.link_title AS link_link_title, ln.link_title AS node_link_title FROM links_node ln LEFT JOIN links l ON l.lid=ln.lid WHERE ln.nid=3 AND module='links_weblink' ORDER BY weight, l.link_title
7 Query SELECT n.nid, n.vid, n.type, n.status, n.created, n.changed, n.comment, n.promote, n.sticky, r.timestamp AS revision_timestamp, r.title, r.body, r.teaser, r.log, r.format, u.uid, u.name, u.picture, u.data FROM node n INNER JOIN users u ON u.uid = n.uid INNER JOIN node_revisions r ON r.vid = n.vid WHERE n.nid = 2
7 Query SELECT parent, weight FROM book WHERE vid = 2
7 Query SELECT last_comment_timestamp, last_comment_name, comment_count FROM node_comment_statistics WHERE nid = 2
7 Query SELECT t.* FROM term_node r INNER JOIN term_data t ON r.tid = t.tid INNER JOIN vocabulary v ON t.vid = v.vid WHERE r.nid = 2 ORDER BY v.weight, t.weight, t.name
7 Query SELECT * FROM files f INNER JOIN file_revisions r ON f.fid = r.fid WHERE r.vid = 2 ORDER BY f.fid
7 Query SELECT data, created, headers, expire FROM cache_filter WHERE cid = '1:26387103afc99f55816532529946728e'
7 Query SELECT l.lid, ln.nid, url, url_md5, weight, clicks, module, l.link_title AS link_link_title, ln.link_title AS node_link_title FROM links_node ln LEFT JOIN links l ON l.lid=ln.lid WHERE ln.nid=2 AND module='links_related' ORDER BY weight, l.link_title
7 Query SELECT l.lid, ln.nid, url, url_md5, weight, clicks, module, l.link_title AS link_link_title, ln.link_title AS node_link_title FROM links_node ln LEFT JOIN links l ON l.lid=ln.lid WHERE ln.nid=2 AND module='links_related' ORDER BY weight, l.link_title
7 Query SELECT l.lid, ln.nid, url, url_md5, weight, clicks, module, l.link_title AS link_link_title, ln.link_title AS node_link_title FROM links_node ln LEFT JOIN links l ON l.lid=ln.lid WHERE ln.nid=2 AND module='links_weblink' ORDER BY weight, l.link_title
7 Query SELECT DISTINCT b.* FROM blocks b LEFT JOIN blocks_roles r ON b.module = r.module AND b.delta = r.delta WHERE b.theme = 'garland' AND b.status = 1 AND (r.rid IN (1) OR r.rid IS NULL) ORDER BY b.region, b.weight, b.module
7 Query SELECT * FROM system WHERE type = 'theme' AND name = 'garland'
7 Query SELECT sid FROM sessions WHERE sid = '5dfc4afd45113b5b523c2e5dd9f2ca71'
7 Query UPDATE sessions SET uid = 0, cache = 0, hostname = '192.168.200.104', session = '', timestamp = 1177377288 WHERE sid = '5dfc4afd45113b5b523c2e5dd9f2ca71'
7 Quit]]></example>
<blurb fontsize="4em">
That's 46 SELECTs and 1 UPDATE for a single page view.
</blurb>
</slide>

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<slide title="mysqlnd">
<break lines="1" />
<example fontsize="1.75em" type="shell" title="ext/mysql Baseline"><![CDATA[% http_load -parallel 5 -fetches 100 ~/drupal.txt
100 fetches, 5 max parallel, 634100 bytes, in 25.5106 seconds
6341 mean bytes/connection
3.91994 fetches/sec, 24856.3 bytes/sec
msecs/connect: 3.95143 mean, 34.813 max, 1.935 min
msecs/first-response: 1242.85 mean, 25450.3 max, 234.405 min
HTTP response codes:
code 200 -- 100]]></example>
<example fontsize="1.75em" type="shell" title="ext/mysqli"><![CDATA[100 fetches, 5 max parallel, 634100 bytes, in 25.3368 seconds
6341 mean bytes/connection
3.94683 fetches/sec, 25026.9 bytes/sec
msecs/connect: 2.66605 mean, 6.651 max, 1.981 min
msecs/first-response: 1219.1 mean, 2064.9 max, 262.123 min
HTTP response codes:
code 200 -- 100]]></example>
<example fontsize="1.75em" type="shell" title="ext/mysqli-nd"><![CDATA[100 fetches, 5 max parallel, 634100 bytes, in 25.7054 seconds
6341 mean bytes/connection
3.89023 fetches/sec, 24667.9 bytes/sec
msecs/connect: 2.63793 mean, 23.317 max, 1.916 min
msecs/first-response: 1229.47 mean, 25681.7 max, 260.643 min
HTTP response codes:
code 200 -- 100]]></example>
</slide>

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<slide title="now what?">
<break lines="1" />
<blurb fontsize="3em">
Callgrind to the rescue!
</blurb>
<example fontsize="1.7em" type="shell" marginright="0.25em"><![CDATA[% valgrind --tool=callgrind --dump-instr=yes -v /usr/sbin/apache -X
...
% kcachegrind drupal_mysqli1.out]]></example>
<example fontsize="1.7em" type="shell" title="Install APC" marginright="0.25em"><![CDATA[200 fetches, 5 max parallel, 1.2682e+06 bytes, in 8.97701 seconds
6341 mean bytes/connection
22.2791 fetches/sec, 141272 bytes/sec
msecs/connect: 2.56332 mean, 4.705 max, 1.937 min
msecs/first-response: 215.859 mean, 395.53 max, 51.845 min
HTTP response codes:
code 200 -- 200]]></example>
<example fontsize="1.7em" type="shell" marginright="0.25em"><![CDATA[% valgrind --tool=callgrind --dump-instr=yes -v /usr/sbin/apache -X
...
% kcachegrind drupal_mysqli2.out]]></example>
</slide>

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<slide title="Time to look at the code">
<break lines="1" />
<blurb fontsize="3em">
xdebug to the rescue!
</blurb>
<example fontsize="1.75em" type="shell" marginright="1.25em"><![CDATA[[php.ini]
zend_extension=/usr/local/lib/php/extensions/xdebug.so
xdebug.profiler_enable=1
xdebug.profiler_aggregate = On
xdebug.profiler_output_dir=/tmp
...
% kcachegrind drupal_xdebug1.out]]></example>
<image filename="drupal_perf.png" align="center"/>
<break lines="1" />
<example fontsize="1.75em" type="shell" title="Turn on Normal Drupal Cacheing"><![CDATA[500 fetches, 5 max parallel, 3.226e+06 bytes, in 7.7064 seconds
6452 mean bytes/connection
64.8812 fetches/sec, 418613 bytes/sec
msecs/connect: 2.53989 mean, 24.502 max, 1.914 min
msecs/first-response: 70.8044 mean, 283.488 max, 46.382 min
HTTP response codes:
code 200 -- 500]]></example>
<example fontsize="1.75em" type="shell" title="Turn on Agressive Drupal Cacheing"><![CDATA[1000 fetches, 5 max parallel, 6.452e+06 bytes, in 12.2807 seconds
6452 mean bytes/connection
81.4287 fetches/sec, 525378 bytes/sec
msecs/connect: 4.79381 mean, 86.273 max, 1.9 min
msecs/first-response: 50.7257 mean, 129.51 max, 15.991 min
HTTP response codes:
code 200 -- 1000]]></example>
</slide>

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<slide title="Callgrind">
<break lines="2" />
<example fontsize="2.25em" type="shell" title="callgrind"><![CDATA[valgrind --tool=callgrind --collect-jumps==yes \
--dump-instr=yes --trace-jump=yes -v \
<example fontsize="2.25em" type="shell" title="callgrind"><![CDATA[valgrind --tool=callgrind --dump-instr=yes -v \
/usr/sbin/httpd -X]]></example>
<example fontsize="2.25em" type="shell" title=""><![CDATA[chmod a+rw callgrind.out.XXXX]]></example>

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<slide title="Performance">
<break lines="10" />
<blurb fontsize="18em" align="center">Performance</blurb>
<blurb fontsize="18em" marginleft="0.6em">Performance</blurb>
</slide>

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<slide title="SLS">
<break lines="3" />
<blurb fontsize="13em" marginleft="3em">Scale</blurb>
<break lines="1" />
<blurb fontsize="13em" marginleft="3em">Latency</blurb>
<break lines="1" />
<blurb fontsize="13em" marginleft="3em">Security</blurb>
</slide>