Fix OSS-Fuzz #442954659: zero-size box in HEIF file causes infinite loop (#19724)

If the box size is 0, the loop can't progress.

NEWS

@@ -8,6 +8,10 @@ PHP                                                                        NEWS
   . The __sleep() and __wakeup() magic methods have been deprecated. (Girgias)
   . Fixed hard_timeout with --enable-zend-max-execution-timers. (Appla)
 
+- Exif:
+  . Fix OSS-Fuzz #442954659 (zero-size box in HEIF file causes infinite loop).
+    (nielsdos)
+
 - Opcache:
   . Fixed bug GH-19669 (assertion failure in zend_jit_trace_type_to_info_ex).
     (Arnaud)

ext/exif/exif.c

@@ -4291,6 +4291,7 @@ static bool exif_process_IFD_in_TIFF(image_info_type *ImageInfo, size_t dir_offs
 	return result;
 }
 
+/* Returns the size of the header, which must be smaller than the size of the box. */
 static int exif_isobmff_parse_box(unsigned char *buf, isobmff_box_type *box)
 {
 	box->size = php_ifd_get32u(buf, 1);
@@ -4312,6 +4313,9 @@ static void exif_isobmff_parse_meta(unsigned char *data, unsigned char *end, iso
 
 	for (box_offset = data + 4; box_offset + 16 < end; box_offset += box.size) {
 		header_size = exif_isobmff_parse_box(box_offset, &box);
+		if (box.size < header_size) {
+			return;
+		}
 		if (box.type == FOURCC("iinf")) {
 			p = box_offset + header_size;
 			if (p >= end) {
@@ -4334,6 +4338,9 @@ static void exif_isobmff_parse_meta(unsigned char *data, unsigned char *end, iso
 			}
 			for (i = 0; i < item_count && p + 20 < end; i++) {
 				header_size = exif_isobmff_parse_box(p, &item);
+				if (item.size < header_size) {
+					return;
+				}
 				if (p + header_size + 12 >= end) {
 					return;
 				}
@@ -4396,6 +4403,9 @@ static bool exif_scan_HEIF_header(image_info_type *ImageInfo, unsigned char *buf
 			break;
 		}
 		box_header_size = exif_isobmff_parse_box(buf, &box);
+		if (box.size < box_header_size) {
+			break;
+		}
 		if (box.type == FOURCC("meta")) {
 			limit = box.size - box_header_size;
 			if (limit < 36) {

ext/exif/tests/oss_fuzz_442954659/oss_fuzz_442954659.phpt

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+--TEST--
+OSS-Fuzz #442954659 (zero-size box in HEIF file causes infinite loop)
+--EXTENSIONS--
+exif
+--FILE--
+<?php
+exif_read_data(__DIR__."/input");
+?>
+--EXPECTF--
+Warning: exif_read_data(%s): Invalid HEIF file in %s on line %d