archived-doc-zh/reference/array/functions/count.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
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<refentry xml:id="function.count" xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">
 <refnamediv>
  <refname>count</refname>
  <refpurpose>统计数组、<interfacename>Countable</interfacename> 对象中所有元素的数量</refpurpose>
 </refnamediv>

 <refsect1 role="description">
  &reftitle.description;
  <methodsynopsis>
   <type>int</type><methodname>count</methodname>
   <methodparam><type class="union"><type>Countable</type><type>array</type></type><parameter>value</parameter></methodparam>
   <methodparam choice="opt"><type>int</type><parameter>mode</parameter><initializer><constant>COUNT_NORMAL</constant></initializer></methodparam>
  </methodsynopsis>
  <para>
   用于数组时，统计数组中元素的数量；用于实现了 <interfacename>Countable</interfacename>
   接口的对象时，返回 <methodname>Countable::count</methodname> 方法的返回值。
  </para>
 </refsect1>

 <refsect1 role="parameters">
  &reftitle.parameters;
  <para>
   <variablelist>
    <varlistentry>
     <term><parameter>value</parameter></term>
     <listitem>
      <para>
       数组或者 <interfacename>Countable</interfacename>  对象。
      </para>
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>
    <varlistentry>
     <term><parameter>mode</parameter></term>
     <listitem>
      <para>
       如果可选的 <parameter>mode</parameter> 参数设为
     <constant>COUNT_RECURSIVE</constant>（或 1），<function>count</function>
     将递归地对数组计数。对计算多维数组的所有单元尤其有用。
      </para>
      <caution>
       <para>
        <function>count</function> 能检测递归来避免无限循环，但每次出现时会产生 <constant>E_WARNING</constant> 错误
        （如果 array 不止一次包含了自身）并返回大于预期的统计数字。
       </para>
      </caution>
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>
   </variablelist>
  </para>
 </refsect1>

 <refsect1 role="returnvalues">
  &reftitle.returnvalues;
  <para>
   返回 <parameter>value</parameter> 中的元素的数量。在 PHP 8.0.0
   之前，如果参数既不是数组也不是实现了 <literal>Countable</literal> 接口的对象，将返回
   <literal>1</literal>。当 <parameter>value</parameter> 为 &null; 时返回 
   <literal>0</literal>。
  </para>
 </refsect1>

 <refsect1 role="changelog">
  &reftitle.changelog;
  <informaltable>
   <tgroup cols="2">
    <thead>
     <row>
      <entry>&Version;</entry>
      <entry>&Description;</entry>
     </row>
    </thead>
    <tbody>
     <row>
      <entry>8.0.0</entry>
      <entry>
       当 <parameter>value</parameter> 参数传入了无效的 countable 类型，
       <function>count</function> 现在会抛出 <classname>TypeError</classname>。
      </entry>
     </row>
     <row>
      <entry>7.2.0</entry>
      <entry>
       当 <parameter>value</parameter> 参数传入了无效的 countable 类型，
       <function>count</function> 现在会产生警告。
      </entry>
     </row>
    </tbody>
   </tgroup>
  </informaltable>
 </refsect1>

 <refsect1 role="examples">
  &reftitle.examples;
  <para>
   <example xml:id="count.example.basic">
    <title><function>count</function> 示例</title>
    <programlisting role="php">
<![CDATA[
<?php
$a[0] = 1;
$a[1] = 3;
$a[2] = 5;
var_dump(count($a));

$b[0]  = 7;
$b[5]  = 9;
$b[10] = 11;
var_dump(count($b));
?>
]]>
    </programlisting>
    &example.outputs;
    <screen role="php">
     <![CDATA[
int(3)
int(3)
]]>
    </screen>
   </example>
  </para>
  <para>
   <example xml:id="count.example.badexample">
    <title><function>count</function> 非 Countable|array 的示例（这是个反例，请勿模仿）</title>
    <programlisting role="php" annotations="non-interactive">
     <![CDATA[
<?php
$b[0]  = 7;
$b[5]  = 9;
$b[10] = 11;
var_dump(count($b));

var_dump(count(null));

var_dump(count(false));
?>
]]>
    </programlisting>
    &example.outputs;
    <screen role="php">
<![CDATA[
int(3)

Fatal error: Uncaught TypeError: count(): Argument #1 ($var) must be of type Countable .. on line 12
]]>
    </screen>
   </example>
  </para>
  <para>
   <example xml:id="count.example.recursive">
    <title>递归 <function>count</function> 例子</title>
    <programlisting role="php">
<![CDATA[
<?php
$food = array('fruits' => array('orange', 'banana', 'apple'),
              'veggie' => array('carrot', 'collard', 'pea'));

// 递归计数
var_dump(count($food, COUNT_RECURSIVE));

// 常规计数
var_dump(count($food));

?>
]]>
    </programlisting>
    &example.outputs;
    <screen role="php">
<![CDATA[
int(8)
int(2)
]]>
    </screen>
   </example>
  </para>
  <para>
   <example xml:id="count.example.countable">
    <title><interfacename>Countable</interfacename> 对象</title>
    <programlisting role="php">
<![CDATA[
<?php
class CountOfMethods implements Countable
{
    private function someMethod()
    {
    }

    public function count(): int
    {
        return count(get_class_methods($this));
    }
}

$obj = new CountOfMethods();
var_dump(count($obj));
?>
]]>
    </programlisting>
    &example.outputs;
    <screen role="php">
<![CDATA[
int(2)
]]>
    </screen>
   </example>
  </para>
 </refsect1>
  
 <refsect1 role="seealso">
  &reftitle.seealso;
  <para>
   <simplelist>
    <member><function>is_array</function></member>
    <member><function>isset</function></member>
    <member><function>empty</function></member>
    <member><function>strlen</function></member>
    <member><function>is_countable</function></member>
    <member><link linkend="language.types.array">Array 数组</link></member>
   </simplelist>
  </para>
 </refsect1>

</refentry>

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