mirror of
https://github.com/php/doc-zh.git
synced 2026-03-24 07:02:15 +01:00
187 lines
5.0 KiB
XML
Executable File
187 lines
5.0 KiB
XML
Executable File
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
|
||
<!-- $Revision$ -->
|
||
<!-- EN-Revision: 2e60c5134e7a847c99f81eb3f7ecee1f5efeeace Maintainer: HonestQiao Status: ready -->
|
||
<!-- CREDITS: mowangjuanzi -->
|
||
<refentry xml:id="function.array" xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">
|
||
<refnamediv>
|
||
<refname>array</refname>
|
||
<refpurpose>
|
||
新建一个数组
|
||
</refpurpose>
|
||
</refnamediv>
|
||
<refsect1 role="description">
|
||
&reftitle.description;
|
||
<methodsynopsis>
|
||
<type>array</type><methodname>array</methodname>
|
||
<methodparam rep="repeat"><type>mixed</type><parameter>values</parameter></methodparam>
|
||
</methodsynopsis>
|
||
<para>
|
||
创建数组。关于数组是什么的信息请阅读<link linkend="language.types.array">数组类型</link>，还包含有关替代括号语法（<literal>[]</literal>）的详细信息。
|
||
</para>
|
||
</refsect1>
|
||
<refsect1 role="parameters">
|
||
&reftitle.parameters;
|
||
<para>
|
||
<variablelist>
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><parameter>values</parameter></term>
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>
|
||
语法“index => values”，用逗号分开，定义了索引和值。索引可以是字符串或数字。如果省略了索引，会自动产生从
|
||
0 开始的整数索引。如果索引是整数，则下一个产生的索引将是目前最大的整数索引
|
||
+ 1。注意如果定义了两个完全一样的索引，则后面一个会覆盖前一个。
|
||
</para>
|
||
<para>
|
||
在最后一个定义的数组项目之后加一个逗号虽然不常见，却是合法的语法。
|
||
</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
</variablelist>
|
||
</para>
|
||
</refsect1>
|
||
<refsect1 role="returnvalues">
|
||
&reftitle.returnvalues;
|
||
<para>
|
||
返回根据参数建立的数组。参数可以用 <literal>=></literal>
|
||
运算符给出索引。关于数组是什么的信息请阅读<link linkend="language.types.array">数组</link>一节。
|
||
</para>
|
||
</refsect1>
|
||
<refsect1 role="examples">
|
||
&reftitle.examples;
|
||
<para>
|
||
下面的例子演示了怎样建立一个二维数组，怎样给相应的数组指定键名，以及怎样在普通数组中略过和继续数字索引。
|
||
<example>
|
||
<title><function>array</function> 示例</title>
|
||
<programlisting role="php">
|
||
<![CDATA[
|
||
<?php
|
||
$fruits = array (
|
||
"fruits" => array("a" => "orange", "b" => "banana", "c" => "apple"),
|
||
"numbers" => array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6),
|
||
"holes" => array("first", 5 => "second", "third")
|
||
);
|
||
print_r($fruits);
|
||
?>
|
||
]]>
|
||
</programlisting>
|
||
</example>
|
||
</para>
|
||
<para>
|
||
<example>
|
||
<title> <function>array</function> 的自动索引</title>
|
||
<programlisting role="php">
|
||
<![CDATA[
|
||
<?php
|
||
$array = array(1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 8 => 1, 4 => 1, 19, 3 => 13);
|
||
print_r($array);
|
||
?>
|
||
]]>
|
||
</programlisting>
|
||
&example.outputs;
|
||
<screen role="php">
|
||
<![CDATA[
|
||
Array
|
||
(
|
||
[0] => 1
|
||
[1] => 1
|
||
[2] => 1
|
||
[3] => 13
|
||
[4] => 1
|
||
[8] => 1
|
||
[9] => 19
|
||
)
|
||
]]>
|
||
</screen>
|
||
</example>
|
||
</para>
|
||
<para>
|
||
注意索引 3 被定义了两次，保留了最后的值 13。索引 4 在 索引
|
||
8 之后定义，下一个自动生成的索引（值为 19 那个）为 9，因为最大的索引是 8。
|
||
</para>
|
||
<para>
|
||
本例建立了从 1 开始的数组。
|
||
<example>
|
||
<title>从 1 开始索引的 <function>array</function></title>
|
||
<programlisting role="php">
|
||
<![CDATA[
|
||
<?php
|
||
$firstQuarter = array(1 => 'January', 'February', 'March');
|
||
print_r($firstQuarter);
|
||
?>
|
||
]]>
|
||
</programlisting>
|
||
&example.outputs;
|
||
<screen>
|
||
<![CDATA[
|
||
Array
|
||
(
|
||
[1] => January
|
||
[2] => February
|
||
[3] => March
|
||
)
|
||
]]>
|
||
</screen>
|
||
</example>
|
||
</para>
|
||
<para>
|
||
在 Perl 中，可以访问在双引号内的数组的值。但在 PHP
|
||
中需要将数组用花括号括起来。
|
||
<example>
|
||
<title>访问双引号内的数组</title>
|
||
<programlisting role="php">
|
||
<![CDATA[
|
||
<?php
|
||
$foo = array('bar' => 'baz');
|
||
echo "Hello {$foo['bar']}!"; // Hello baz!
|
||
?>
|
||
]]>
|
||
</programlisting>
|
||
</example>
|
||
</para>
|
||
</refsect1>
|
||
<refsect1 role="notes">
|
||
&reftitle.notes;
|
||
<para>
|
||
<note>
|
||
<para>
|
||
<function>array</function> 是一个语言结构，用于字面上表示数组，不是常规的函数。
|
||
</para>
|
||
</note>
|
||
</para>
|
||
</refsect1>
|
||
<refsect1 role="seealso">
|
||
&reftitle.seealso;
|
||
<para>
|
||
<simplelist>
|
||
<member><function>array_pad</function></member>
|
||
<member><function>list</function></member>
|
||
<member><function>count</function></member>
|
||
<member><function>range</function></member>
|
||
<member>&foreach;</member>
|
||
<member><link linkend="language.types.array">array</link> 类型</member>
|
||
</simplelist>
|
||
</para>
|
||
</refsect1>
|
||
</refentry>
|
||
|
||
<!-- Keep this comment at the end of the file
|
||
Local variables:
|
||
mode: sgml
|
||
sgml-omittag:t
|
||
sgml-shorttag:t
|
||
sgml-minimize-attributes:nil
|
||
sgml-always-quote-attributes:t
|
||
sgml-indent-step:1
|
||
sgml-indent-data:t
|
||
indent-tabs-mode:nil
|
||
sgml-parent-document:nil
|
||
sgml-default-dtd-file:"~/.phpdoc/manual.ced"
|
||
sgml-exposed-tags:nil
|
||
sgml-local-catalogs:nil
|
||
sgml-local-ecat-files:nil
|
||
End:
|
||
vim600: syn=xml fen fdm=syntax fdl=2 si
|
||
vim: et tw=78 syn=sgml
|
||
vi: ts=1 sw=1
|
||
-->
|