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archived-doc-zh/reference/array/functions/array-rand.xml
2024-03-29 08:13:29 +08:00

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!-- $Revision$ -->
<!-- EN-Revision: 4a1dedc24b1e085f298ab1d5dadefe306373691b Maintainer: HonestQiao Status: ready -->
<!-- CREDITS: mowangjuanzi, Luffy -->
<refentry xml:id="function.array-rand" xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<refnamediv>
<refname>array_rand</refname>
<refpurpose>从数组中随机取出一个或多个随机键</refpurpose>
</refnamediv>
<refsect1 role="description">
&reftitle.description;
<methodsynopsis>
<type class="union"><type>int</type><type>string</type><type>array</type></type><methodname>array_rand</methodname>
<methodparam><type>array</type><parameter>array</parameter></methodparam>
<methodparam choice="opt"><type>int</type><parameter>num</parameter><initializer>1</initializer></methodparam>
</methodsynopsis>
<para>
从数组中取出一个或多个随机的单元,并返回随机条目对应的键(一个或多个)。
</para>
&caution.cryptographically-insecure;
</refsect1>
<refsect1 role="parameters">
&reftitle.parameters;
<para>
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term><parameter>array</parameter></term>
<listitem>
<para>
输入的数组。
不能为空。
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><parameter>num</parameter></term>
<listitem>
<para>
指定要取出的单元数量。
必须大于零,且小于或等于 <parameter>array</parameter> 的长度。
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1 role="returnvalues">
&reftitle.returnvalues;
<para>
如果只取出一个,<function>array_rand</function>
返回随机单元的键名。
否则就返回包含随机键名的数组。
完成后,就可以根据随机的键获取数组的随机值。
如果返回的是包含随机键名的数组,数组单元的顺序按照键名在原数组中的顺序排列。
</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1 role="errors">
&reftitle.errors;
<para>
如果 <parameter>array</parameter> 为空,或者 <parameter>num</parameter> 超出范围,
就会抛出一个 <classname>ValueError</classname>
</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1 role="changelog">
&reftitle.changelog;
<para>
<informaltable>
<tgroup cols="2">
<thead>
<row>
<entry>&Version;</entry>
<entry>&Description;</entry>
</row>
</thead>
<tbody>
<row>
<entry>8.0.0</entry>
<entry>
如果 <parameter>num</parameter> 超出范围,<function>array_rand</function>
现在会抛出一个 <classname>ValueError</classname>
之前会抛出一个 <constant>E_WARNING</constant>,并返回 &null;
</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>8.0.0</entry>
<entry>
如果 <parameter>array</parameter> 为空,<function>array_rand</function>
现在会抛出一个 <classname>ValueError</classname>
之前会抛出一个 <constant>E_WARNING</constant>,并返回 &null;
</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>7.1.0</entry>
<entry>
内部随机化算法已从 libc rand 函数<link linkend="migration71.incompatible.rand-srand-aliases">更改为</link>使用
<link xlink:href="&url.mersenne;">梅森旋转算法Mersenne Twister</link> 随机数生成器。
</entry>
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</informaltable>
</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1 role="examples">
&reftitle.examples;
<para>
<example>
<title><function>array_rand</function> 例子</title>
<programlisting role="php">
<![CDATA[
<?php
$input = array("Neo", "Morpheus", "Trinity", "Cypher", "Tank");
$rand_keys = array_rand($input, 2);
echo $input[$rand_keys[0]] . "\n";
echo $input[$rand_keys[1]] . "\n";
?>
]]>
</programlisting>
</example>
</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1 role="seealso">
&reftitle.seealso;
<para>
<simplelist>
<member><function>Random\Randomizer::pickArrayKeys</function></member>
<member><function>Random\Randomizer::shuffleArray</function></member>
</simplelist>
</para>
</refsect1>
</refentry>
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