random: Remove internal aliases for the global Mt19937 functionality (#14314)

* random: Remove `php_rand()`

This effectively is just a slim wrapper around `(zend_long)php_mt_rand()`. It
is not compatible between 32-bit and 64-bit builds of PHP, due to the use of
`zend_long`, which may result in negative integersbeing returned on 32-bit
platforms, whereas 64-bit platforms will be compatible with `php_mt_rand()`. An
example would be the `0` seed, which emits 2357136044 on 64-bit platforms and
-1937831252 on 32-bit platforms.

Users of `php_rand()` should ideally migrate to one of the more modern engines,
with extension-specific state. If drop-in compatibility is desired, they can
just cast the result of `php_mt_rand()`. But providing it out of the box does
not provide a value-add and is potentially dangerous.

* random: Remove `php_srand()`

With `php_rand()` gone, preserving its companion `php_srand()` is just
confusing. The same recommendations apply: Migrate to a modern engine if
possible and just call `php_mt_srand()` with an appropriately casted input.

* random: Remove `PHP_RAND_MAX` and `RAND_MAX`

These are the companions to `php_rand()`, which was removed in a previous
commit.

Generally speaking the maximum returnable value is not particularly useful
anyways. Attempting it to create a random float by dividing the returned
integer by the maximum value would result in a bias if the maximum value would
be larger than 2**53 and even for that case, the various `range()` helpers
allow to easily retrieve a uniformly distributed integer from a suitable range.

* UPGRADING.INTERNALS

UPGRADING.INTERNALS

@@ -176,6 +176,17 @@ PHP 8.4 INTERNALS UPGRADE NOTES
    - The macro RAND_RANGE_BADSCALING() has been removed. The implementation
      should either be inlined and undefined behavior fixed or it should be
      replaced by a non-biased scaler.
+   - The php_srand() and php_rand() functions have been removed. These were
+     slim wrappers around the corresponding php_mt_srand() and php_mt_rand()
+     function since PHP 7.1, but using zend_long instead of uint32_t as their
+     input/output types. This made their behavior incompatible between 32-bit
+     and 64-bit builds of PHP. Users of these functions are encouraged to
+     migrate to one of the more modern engines provided since PHP 8.2. If that
+     is not possible, due to backwards compatibility requirements, then the
+     php_mt_srand() and php_mt_rand() functions should be called directly and
+     the values appropriately casted.
+   - The PHP_RAND_MAX and RAND_MAX constants corresponding to the removed
+     php_rand() have also been removed.
    - The generate member of a php_random_algo is now expected to return
      the new php_random_result struct, replacing the last_generated_size
      member of the php_random_status struct and the generate_size member of

ext/random/php_random.h

@@ -58,15 +58,6 @@ PHPAPI uint32_t php_mt_rand(void);
 PHPAPI zend_long php_mt_rand_range(zend_long min, zend_long max);
 PHPAPI zend_long php_mt_rand_common(zend_long min, zend_long max);
 
-# ifndef RAND_MAX
-#  define RAND_MAX PHP_MT_RAND_MAX
-# endif
-
-# define PHP_RAND_MAX PHP_MT_RAND_MAX
-
-PHPAPI void php_srand(zend_long seed);
-PHPAPI zend_long php_rand(void);
-
 typedef struct _php_random_status_state_combinedlcg {
 	int32_t state[2];
 } php_random_status_state_combinedlcg;

ext/random/random.c

@@ -446,20 +446,6 @@ PHPAPI zend_long php_mt_rand_common(zend_long min, zend_long max)
 }
 /* }}} */
 
-/* {{{ php_srand */
-PHPAPI void php_srand(zend_long seed)
-{
-	php_mt_srand((uint32_t) seed);
-}
-/* }}} */
-
-/* {{{ php_rand */
-PHPAPI zend_long php_rand(void)
-{
-	return php_mt_rand();
-}
-/* }}} */
-
 /* {{{ Returns a value from the combined linear congruential generator */
 PHP_FUNCTION(lcg_value)
 {