zend_compile: Optimize arguments for ZEND_NEW (#20259)

* zend_compile: Add `is_func_accessible()` helper

* zend_compile: Use `zend_set_class_name_op1()` in `zend_compile_new()`

* zend_compile: Optimize arguments for ZEND_NEW

Apply the optimization for static method calls to `new` calls, since `new` is
effectively a static method for all intents and purposes.

For:

    <?php

    final class MyClass
    {
    	private function __construct(
    		private \Random\Engine $foo,
    		private int $bar = 0,
    	) {}

    	public static function new(int $bar): self
    	{
    		$engine = new \Random\Engine\Xoshiro256StarStar(seed: 123);
    		return new self(foo: $engine, bar: $bar);
    	}
    }

    for ($i = 0; $i < 3_000_000; $i++) {
    	MyClass::new($i);
    }

This is ~1.13 faster for a gcc 13.3 release build on a Intel(R) Core(TM)
i7-1365U.

    Benchmark 1: /tmp/bench/php.old /tmp/bench/test6.php
      Time (mean ± σ):     409.5 ms ±   1.9 ms    [User: 406.6 ms, System: 2.2 ms]
      Range (min … max):   407.4 ms … 414.0 ms    10 runs

    Benchmark 2: /tmp/bench/php.new /tmp/bench/test6.php
      Time (mean ± σ):     360.9 ms ±   1.7 ms    [User: 358.5 ms, System: 2.2 ms]
      Range (min … max):   359.2 ms … 365.0 ms    10 runs

    Summary
      /tmp/bench/php.new /tmp/bench/test6.php ran
        1.13 ± 0.01 times faster than /tmp/bench/php.old /tmp/bench/test6.php

UPGRADING

@@ -103,6 +103,8 @@ PHP 8.6 UPGRADE NOTES
   . `printf()` using only `%s` and `%d` will be compiled into the equivalent
     string interpolation, avoiding the overhead of a function call and repeatedly
     parsing the format string.
+  . Arguments are now passed more efficiently to known constructors (e.g. when
+    using new self()).
 
 - JSON:
   . Improve performance of encoding arrays and objects.

Zend/zend_compile.c

@@ -5376,17 +5376,27 @@ static bool zend_is_constructor(zend_string *name) /* {{{ */
 }
 /* }}} */
 
-static zend_function *zend_get_compatible_func_or_null(zend_class_entry *ce, zend_string *lcname) /* {{{ */
+static bool is_func_accessible(const zend_function *fbc)
 {
-	zend_function *fbc = zend_hash_find_ptr(&ce->function_table, lcname);
-	if (!fbc || (fbc->common.fn_flags & ZEND_ACC_PUBLIC) || ce == CG(active_class_entry)) {
-		return fbc;
+	if ((fbc->common.fn_flags & ZEND_ACC_PUBLIC) || fbc->common.scope == CG(active_class_entry)) {
+		return true;
 	}
 
 	if (!(fbc->common.fn_flags & ZEND_ACC_PRIVATE)
 		&& (fbc->common.scope->ce_flags & ZEND_ACC_LINKED)
 		&& (!CG(active_class_entry) || (CG(active_class_entry)->ce_flags & ZEND_ACC_LINKED))
 		&& zend_check_protected(zend_get_function_root_class(fbc), CG(active_class_entry))) {
+		return true;
+	}
+
+	return false;
+}
+
+static zend_function *zend_get_compatible_func_or_null(zend_class_entry *ce, zend_string *lcname) /* {{{ */
+{
+	zend_function *fbc = zend_hash_find_ptr(&ce->function_table, lcname);
+
+	if (!fbc || is_func_accessible(fbc)) {
 		return fbc;
 	}
 
@@ -5489,16 +5499,40 @@ static void zend_compile_new(znode *result, zend_ast *ast) /* {{{ */
 
 	opline = zend_emit_op(result, ZEND_NEW, NULL, NULL);
 
-	if (class_node.op_type == IS_CONST) {
-		opline->op1_type = IS_CONST;
-		opline->op1.constant = zend_add_class_name_literal(
-			Z_STR(class_node.u.constant));
+	zend_set_class_name_op1(opline, &class_node);
+
+	if (opline->op1_type == IS_CONST) {
 		opline->op2.num = zend_alloc_cache_slot();
-	} else {
-		SET_NODE(opline->op1, &class_node);
 	}
 
-	zend_compile_call_common(&ctor_result, args_ast, NULL, ast->lineno);
+	zend_class_entry *ce = NULL;
+	if (opline->op1_type == IS_CONST) {
+		zend_string *lcname = Z_STR_P(CT_CONSTANT(opline->op1) + 1);
+		ce = zend_hash_find_ptr(CG(class_table), lcname);
+		if (ce) {
+			if (zend_compile_ignore_class(ce, CG(active_op_array)->filename)) {
+				ce = NULL;
+			}
+		} else if (CG(active_class_entry)
+				&& zend_string_equals_ci(CG(active_class_entry)->name, lcname)) {
+			ce = CG(active_class_entry);
+		}
+	} else if (opline->op1_type == IS_UNUSED
+			&& (opline->op1.num & ZEND_FETCH_CLASS_MASK) == ZEND_FETCH_CLASS_SELF
+			&& zend_is_scope_known()) {
+		ce = CG(active_class_entry);
+	}
+
+
+	zend_function *fbc = NULL;
+	if (ce
+			&& ce->default_object_handlers->get_constructor == zend_std_get_constructor
+			&& ce->constructor
+			&& is_func_accessible(ce->constructor)) {
+		fbc = ce->constructor;
+	}
+
+	zend_compile_call_common(&ctor_result, args_ast, fbc, ast->lineno);
 	zend_do_free(&ctor_result);
 }
 /* }}} */

ext/opcache/tests/named_parameter_new.phpt

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+--TEST--
+Named Parameters are optimized for known constructors
+--INI--
+opcache.enable=1
+opcache.enable_cli=1
+opcache.optimization_level=-1
+opcache.opt_debug_level=0x20000
+--SKIPIF--
+<?php
+    if(substr(PHP_OS, 0, 3) == 'WIN') die("skip on windows: Internal classes cannot be optimized");
+?>
+--EXTENSIONS--
+opcache
+--FILE--
+<?php
+
+final class MyClass
+{
+	private function __construct(
+		private \Random\Engine $foo,
+		private int $bar = 0,
+	) {}
+
+	public static function new(int $bar): self
+	{
+		$engine = new \Random\Engine\Xoshiro256StarStar(seed: 123);
+		return new self(foo: $engine, bar: $bar);
+	}
+}
+
+MyClass::new(bar: 1);
+
+?>
+--EXPECTF--
+$_main:
+     ; (lines=4, args=0, vars=0, tmps=0)
+     ; (after optimizer)
+     ; %s
+0000 INIT_STATIC_METHOD_CALL 1 string("MyClass") string("new")
+0001 SEND_VAL int(1) 1
+0002 DO_UCALL
+0003 RETURN int(1)
+
+MyClass::__construct:
+     ; (lines=7, args=2, vars=2, tmps=0)
+     ; (after optimizer)
+     ; %s
+0000 CV0($foo) = RECV 1
+0001 CV1($bar) = RECV_INIT 2 int(0)
+0002 ASSIGN_OBJ THIS string("foo")
+0003 OP_DATA CV0($foo)
+0004 ASSIGN_OBJ THIS string("bar")
+0005 OP_DATA CV1($bar)
+0006 RETURN null
+
+MyClass::new:
+     ; (lines=10, args=1, vars=2, tmps=1)
+     ; (after optimizer)
+     ; %s
+0000 CV0($bar) = RECV 1
+0001 V2 = NEW 1 string("Random\\Engine\\Xoshiro256StarStar")
+0002 SEND_VAL int(123) 1
+0003 DO_FCALL
+0004 CV1($engine) = QM_ASSIGN V2
+0005 V2 = NEW 2 (self) (exception)
+0006 SEND_VAR CV1($engine) 1
+0007 SEND_VAR CV0($bar) 2
+0008 DO_FCALL
+0009 RETURN V2
+LIVE RANGES:
+     2: 0002 - 0004 (new)
+     2: 0006 - 0009 (new)

ext/opcache/tests/opt/gh18107_1.phpt

@@ -30,12 +30,12 @@ $_main:
 0000 T1 = ISSET_ISEMPTY_CV (isset) CV0($badvar)
 0001 JMPNZ T1 0006
 0002 V3 = NEW 1 string("Exception")
-0003 SEND_VAL_EX string("Should happen") 1
+0003 SEND_VAL%S string("Should happen") 1
 0004 DO_FCALL
 0005 THROW V3
 0006 JMP 0006
 0007 V6 = NEW 1 string("Exception")
-0008 SEND_VAL_EX string("Should not happen") 1
+0008 SEND_VAL%S string("Should not happen") 1
 0009 DO_FCALL
 0010 THROW V6
 0011 FAST_RET T5

ext/opcache/tests/opt/gh18107_2.phpt

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ $_main:
 0000 T2 = ISSET_ISEMPTY_CV (isset) CV0($badvar)
 0001 JMPNZ T2 0008
 0002 V4 = NEW 1 string("Exception")
-0003 SEND_VAL_EX string("Should happen") 1
+0003 SEND_VAL%S string("Should happen") 1
 0004 DO_FCALL
 0005 THROW V4
 0006 CV1($e) = CATCH string("Throwable")
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ $_main:
 0008 T6 = FAST_CALL 0010
 0009 JMP 0015
 0010 V7 = NEW 1 string("Exception")
-0011 SEND_VAL_EX string("Should not happen") 1
+0011 SEND_VAL%S string("Should not happen") 1
 0012 DO_FCALL
 0013 THROW V7
 0014 FAST_RET T6