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73b98a3858
Introduce the TAILCALL VM, a more efficient variant of the CALL VM:
* Each opcode handler tailcalls the next opcode handler directly instead of
returning to the interpreter loop. This eliminates call and interpreter loop
overhead.
* Opcode handlers use the preserve_none calling convention to eliminate
register saving overhead.
* preserve_none uses non-volatile registers for its first arguments, so
execute_data and opline are usually kept in these registers and no code is
required to forward them to the next handlers.
Generated machine code is similar to a direct-threaded VM with register pinning,
like the HYBRID VM.
JIT+TAILCALL VM also benefits from this compared to JIT+CALL VM:
* JIT uses the registers of the execute_data and opline args as fixed regs,
eliminating the need to move them in prologue.
* Traces exit by tailcalling the next handler. No code is needed to forward
execute_data and opline.
* No register saving/restoring in epilogue/prologue.
The TAILCALL VM is used when the HYBRID VM is not supported, and the compiler
supports the musttail and preserve_none attributes: The HYBRID VM is used when
compiling with GCC, the TAILCALL VM when compiling with Clang>=19 on x86_64 or
aarch64, and the CALL VM otherwise.
This makes binaries built with Clang>=19 as fast as binaries built with GCC.
Before, these were considerably slower (by 2.8% to 44% depending on benchmark,
and by 5% to 77% before 76d7c616bb).
Closes GH-17849
Closes GH-18720