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git-svn-id: https://svn.php.net/repository/phpdoc/zh/trunk@327980 c90b9560-bf6c-de11-be94-00142212c4b1
214 lines
4.8 KiB
XML
Executable File
214 lines
4.8 KiB
XML
Executable File
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
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<!-- $Revision$ -->
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<!-- $Author$ -->
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<!-- EN-Revision: 123babdf91f07356296ee7cf0c21579581438fe5 Maintainer: dallas Status: ready -->
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<refentry xml:id="function.list" xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">
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<refnamediv>
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<refname>list</refname>
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<refpurpose>
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把数组中的值赋给一些变量
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</refpurpose>
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</refnamediv>
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<refsect1 role="description">
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&reftitle.description;
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<methodsynopsis>
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<type>array</type><methodname>list</methodname>
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<methodparam><type>mixed</type><parameter>varname</parameter></methodparam>
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<methodparam rep="repeat" choice="opt"><type>mixed</type><parameter>...</parameter></methodparam>
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</methodsynopsis>
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<para>
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像 <function>array</function> 一样,这不是真正的函数,而是语言结构。<function>list</function>
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用一步操作给一组变量进行赋值。
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</para>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1 role="parameters">
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&reftitle.parameters;
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<para>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><parameter>varname</parameter></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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一个变量。
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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</para>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1 role="returnvalues">
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&reftitle.returnvalues;
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<para>
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返回指定的数组。
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</para>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1 role="examples">
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&reftitle.examples;
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<para>
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<example>
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<title><function>list</function> 例子</title>
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<programlisting role="php">
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<![CDATA[
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<?php
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$info = array('coffee', 'brown', 'caffeine');
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// 列出所有变量
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list($drink, $color, $power) = $info;
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echo "$drink is $color and $power makes it special.\n";
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// 列出他们的其中一个
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list($drink, , $power) = $info;
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echo "$drink has $power.\n";
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// 或者让我们跳到仅第三个
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list( , , $power) = $info;
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echo "I need $power!\n";
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// list() 不能对字符串起作用
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list($bar) = "abcde";
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var_dump($bar); // NULL
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?>
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]]>
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</programlisting>
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</example>
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</para>
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<para>
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<example>
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<title><function>list</function> 用法的一个例子</title>
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<programlisting role="php">
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<![CDATA[
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<table>
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<tr>
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<th>Employee name</th>
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<th>Salary</th>
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</tr>
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<?php
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$result = mysql_query("SELECT id, name, salary FROM employees", $conn);
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while (list($id, $name, $salary) = mysql_fetch_row($result)) {
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echo " <tr>\n" .
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" <td><a href=\"info.php?id=$id\">$name</a></td>\n" .
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" <td>$salary</td>\n" .
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" </tr>\n";
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}
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?>
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</table>
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]]>
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</programlisting>
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</example>
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</para>
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<para>
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<example>
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<title>使用嵌套的 <function>list</function></title>
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<programlisting role="php">
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<![CDATA[
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<?php
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list($a, list($b, $c)) = array(1, array(2, 3));
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var_dump($a, $b, $c);
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?>
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]]>
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</programlisting>
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<screen>
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<![CDATA[
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int(1)
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int(2)
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int(3)
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]]>
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</screen>
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</example>
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</para>
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<para>
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<example>
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<title>在 <function>list</function> 中使用数组索引</title>
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<programlisting role="php">
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<![CDATA[
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<?php
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$info = array('coffee', 'brown', 'caffeine');
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list($a[0], $a[1], $a[2]) = $info;
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var_dump($a);
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?>
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]]>
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</programlisting>
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<para>
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产生如下输出(注意单元顺序和 <function>list</function> 语法中所写的顺序的比较):
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</para>
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<screen>
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<![CDATA[
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array(3) {
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[2]=>
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string(8) "caffeine"
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[1]=>
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string(5) "brown"
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[0]=>
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string(6) "coffee"
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}
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]]>
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</screen>
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</example>
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</para>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1 role="notes">
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&reftitle.notes;
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<warning>
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<para>
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<function>list</function> 从最右边一个参数开始赋值。如果你用单纯的变量,不用担心这一点。
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但是如果你用了具有索引的数组,通常你期望得到的结果和在
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<function>list</function> 中写的一样是从左到右的,但实际上不是。
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它是以相反顺序赋值的。
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</para>
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</warning>
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<warning>
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<para>
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在 <function>list</function> 执行过程中修改数组(比如使用 <literal>list($a, $b) = $b</literal>)将会产生不可预知的结果。
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</para>
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</warning>
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<note>
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<para>
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<function>list</function> 仅能用于数字索引的数组并假定数字索引从 0 开始。
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</para>
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</note>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1 role="seealso">
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&reftitle.seealso;
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<para>
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<simplelist>
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<member><function>each</function></member>
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<member><function>array</function></member>
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<member><function>extract</function></member>
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</simplelist>
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</para>
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</refsect1>
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</refentry>
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<!-- Keep this comment at the end of the file
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Local variables:
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mode: sgml
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sgml-omittag:t
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sgml-shorttag:t
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sgml-minimize-attributes:nil
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sgml-always-quote-attributes:t
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sgml-indent-step:1
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sgml-indent-data:t
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indent-tabs-mode:nil
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sgml-parent-document:nil
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sgml-default-dtd-file:"~/.phpdoc/manual.ced"
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sgml-exposed-tags:nil
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sgml-local-catalogs:nil
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sgml-local-ecat-files:nil
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End:
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vim600: syn=xml fen fdm=syntax fdl=2 si
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vim: et tw=78 syn=sgml
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vi: ts=1 sw=1
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-->
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