mirror of
https://github.com/php/doc-zh.git
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68154591bf
git-svn-id: https://svn.php.net/repository/phpdoc/zh/trunk@124169 c90b9560-bf6c-de11-be94-00142212c4b1
210 lines
4.7 KiB
XML
210 lines
4.7 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="gb2312"?>
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<!-- $Revision: 1.2 $ -->
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<!-- $Author: nio $ -->
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<!-- EN-Revision: 1.6 Maintainer: nio Status: ready -->
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<reference id="ref.classobj">
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<title>类/对象函数</title>
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<titleabbrev>类/对象</titleabbrev>
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<partintro>
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<section id="classobj.intro">
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&reftitle.intro;
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<para>
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这些函数允许你获取类和对象实例的信息。你可以取得对象所属的类的名字,以及它的成员属性和方法。通过使用这些函数,你不仅可以弄清楚一个对象类的全体成员,而且可以知道它的起源(例如,该对象类是哪个类的扩展)。
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</para>
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</section>
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<section id="classobj.requirements">
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&reftitle.required;
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&no.requirement;
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</section>
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<section id="classobj.installation">
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&reftitle.install;
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&no.install;
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</section>
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<section id="classobj.configuration">
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&reftitle.runtime;
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&no.config;
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</section>
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<section id="classobj.resources">
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&reftitle.resources;
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&no.resource;
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</section>
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<section id="classobj.constants">
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&reftitle.constants;
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&no.constants;
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</section>
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<section id="classobj.examples">
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&reftitle.examples;
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<para>
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在这个例子中,我们先定义了一个基础类和一个扩展类。基础类描述的是普通的蔬菜(Vegetable),它是否可食用(is_edible)以及它是什么颜色(what_color)。子类
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<varname>Spinach</varname> 增加了“烹调”的方法(cook_it)和“获知它是否已被烹调了”的方法(is_cooked)。
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</para>
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<para>
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<example>
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<title>classes.inc</title>
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<programlisting role="php">
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<![CDATA[
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<?php
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// 基础类及其属性和方法
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class Vegetable {
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var $edible;
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var $color;
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function Vegetable( $edible, $color="green" ) {
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$this->edible = $edible;
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$this->color = $color;
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}
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function is_edible() {
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return $this->edible;
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}
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function what_color() {
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return $this->color;
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}
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} // 类 Vegetable 的结束
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// 从基础类扩展
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class Spinach extends Vegetable {
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var $cooked = false;
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function Spinach() {
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$this->Vegetable( true, "green" );
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}
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function cook_it() {
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$this->cooked = true;
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}
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function is_cooked() {
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return $this->cooked;
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}
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} // 类 Spinach 的结束
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?>
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]]>
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</programlisting>
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</example>
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</para>
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<para>
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接着,我们从这些对象中创建了两个对象实例,打印出它们的相关信息,包括它们的起源。我们还定义了一些实用函数,它们主要是为了让变量的输出好看些。
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</para>
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<para>
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<example>
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<title>test_script.php</title>
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<programlisting role="php">
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<![CDATA[
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<pre>
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<?php
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include "classes.inc";
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// 实用函数
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function print_vars($obj) {
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$arr = get_object_vars($obj);
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while (list($prop, $val) = each($arr))
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echo "\t$prop = $val\n";
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}
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function print_methods($obj) {
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$arr = get_class_methods(get_class($obj));
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foreach ($arr as $method)
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echo "\tfunction $method()\n";
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}
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function class_parentage($obj, $class) {
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global $$obj;
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if (is_subclass_of($$obj, $class)) {
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echo "Object $obj belongs to class ".get_class($$obj);
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echo " a subclass of $class\n";
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} else {
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echo "Object $obj does not belong to a subclass of $class\n";
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}
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}
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// 创建两个对象实例
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$veggie = new Vegetable(true,"blue");
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$leafy = new Spinach();
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// 打印出对象的相关信息
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echo "veggie: CLASS ".get_class($veggie)."\n";
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echo "leafy: CLASS ".get_class($leafy);
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echo ", PARENT ".get_parent_class($leafy)."\n";
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// 显示 veggie 的属性
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echo "\nveggie: Properties\n";
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print_vars($veggie);
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// 显示 leafy 的方法
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echo "\nleafy: Methods\n";
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print_methods($leafy);
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echo "\nParentage:\n";
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class_parentage("leafy", "Spinach");
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class_parentage("leafy", "Vegetable");
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?>
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</pre>
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]]>
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</programlisting>
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</example>
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</para>
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<para>
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上边例子中重点要注意的是对象
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<varname>$leafy</varname> 是
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<classname>Spinach</classname> 类的一个实例,而
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<classname>Spinach</classname> 类是
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<classname>Vegetable</classname> 类的一个子类,因此上边脚本的最后部分将会输出:
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</para>
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<para>
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<informalexample>
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<programlisting>
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<![CDATA[
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[...]
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Parentage:
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Object leafy does not belong to a subclass of Spinach
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Object leafy belongs to class spinach a subclass of Vegetable
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]]>
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</programlisting>
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</informalexample>
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</para>
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</section>
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</partintro>
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&reference.classobj.functions;
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</reference>
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<!-- Keep this comment at the end of the file
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Local variables:
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mode: sgml
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sgml-omittag:t
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sgml-shorttag:t
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sgml-minimize-attributes:nil
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sgml-always-quote-attributes:t
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sgml-indent-step:1
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sgml-indent-data:t
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indent-tabs-mode:nil
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sgml-parent-document:nil
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sgml-default-dtd-file:"../../../manual.ced"
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sgml-exposed-tags:nil
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sgml-local-catalogs:nil
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sgml-local-ecat-files:nil
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End:
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vim600: syn=xml fen fdm=syntax fdl=2 si
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vim: et tw=78 syn=sgml
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vi: ts=1 sw=1
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-->
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