archived-doc-zh/reference/array/functions/array-diff-assoc.xml

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<refentry xml:id="function.array-diff-assoc" xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">
 <refnamediv>
  <refname>array_diff_assoc</refname>
  <refpurpose>带索引检查计算数组的差集</refpurpose>
 </refnamediv>
 <refsect1 role="description">
  &reftitle.description;
  <methodsynopsis>
   <type>array</type><methodname>array_diff_assoc</methodname>
   <methodparam><type>array</type><parameter>array1</parameter></methodparam>
   <methodparam><type>array</type><parameter>array2</parameter></methodparam>
   <methodparam choice="opt"><type>array</type><parameter> ...</parameter></methodparam>
  </methodsynopsis>
  <para>
   <function>array_diff_assoc</function> 返回一个数组，该数组包括了所有在
   <parameter>array1</parameter> 中但是不在任何其它参数数组中的值。注意和
   <function>array_diff</function> 不同的是键名也用于比较。
  </para>
  <para>
   <example>
    <title><function>array_diff_assoc</function> 例子</title>
    <programlisting role="php">
<![CDATA[
<?php
$array1 = array ("a" => "green", "b" => "brown", "c" => "blue", "red");
$array2 = array ("a" => "green", "yellow", "red");
$result = array_diff_assoc($array1, $array2);
?>
]]>
    </programlisting>
    &example.outputs;
    <screen>
<![CDATA[
Array
(
    [b] => brown
    [c] => blue
    [0] => red
)
]]>
    </screen>
   </example>
  </para>
  <simpara>
   上面的例子中可以看到键值对 <literal>"a" =&gt; "green"</literal>
   在两个数组中都有，因此不在本函数的输出中。与此不同，键值对
   <literal>0 =&gt; "red"</literal> 出现在输出中是因为第二个参数中的
   <literal>"red"</literal> 的键名是 <literal>1</literal>。
  </simpara>
  <simpara>
   键值对 <emphasis>key =&gt; value</emphasis>
   中的两个值仅在 <literal>(string) $elem1 === (string)
   $elem2 </literal> 时被认为相等。也就是说使用了严格检查，字符串的表达必须相同。
   <!-- TODO: example of it... -->
  </simpara>
  <note>
   <simpara>
    注意本函数只检查了多维数组中的一维。当然可以用
    <literal>array_diff_assoc($array1[0], $array2[0]);</literal>
    检查更深的维度。
   </simpara>
  </note>
  <para>
   参见 <function>array_diff</function>，<function>array_intersect</function>
   和 <function>array_intersect_assoc</function>。
  </para>
 </refsect1>

 <refsect1 role="parameters">
  &reftitle.parameters;
  <para>
   <variablelist>

    <varlistentry>
     <term><parameter>array1</parameter></term>
     <listitem>
      <para>
       The array to compare from
      </para>
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>

    <varlistentry>
     <term><parameter>array2</parameter></term>
     <listitem>
      <para>
       An array to compare against
      </para>
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>

    <varlistentry>
     <term><parameter>...</parameter></term>
     <listitem>
      <para>
       More arrays to compare against
      </para>
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>

   </variablelist>
  </para>
 </refsect1>

 <refsect1 role="returnvalues">
  &reftitle.returnvalues;
  <para>
   Returns an <type>array</type> containing all the values from
   <parameter>array1</parameter> that are not present in any of the other arrays.
  </para>
 </refsect1>

<!--
 <refsect1 role="errors">
  &reftitle.errors;
  &errors.no.unusual.errors;
 </refsect1>
-->

 <refsect1 role="examples">
  &reftitle.examples;
  <para>
   <example>
    <title><function>array_diff_assoc</function> example</title>
    <para>
     In this example you see the <literal>"a" =&gt; "green"</literal>
     pair is present in both arrays and thus it is not in the output from the
     function. Unlike this, the pair <literal>0 =&gt; "red"</literal>
     is in the output because in the second argument <literal>"red"</literal>
     has key which is <literal>1</literal>.
    </para>
    <programlisting role="php">
<![CDATA[
<?php
$array1 = array("a" => "green", "b" => "brown", "c" => "blue", "red");
$array2 = array("a" => "green", "yellow", "red");
$result = array_diff_assoc($array1, $array2);
print_r($result);
?>
]]>
    </programlisting>
    &example.outputs;
    <screen>
<![CDATA[
Array
(
    [b] => brown
    [c] => blue
    [0] => red
)
]]>
    </screen>
   </example>
  </para>
  <para>
   <example>
    <title><function>array_diff_assoc</function> example</title>
    <para>
     Two values from <emphasis>key =&gt; value</emphasis> pairs are
     considered equal only if <literal>(string) $elem1 === (string)
     $elem2 </literal>. In other words a strict check takes place so
     the string representations must be the same.
    </para>
    <programlisting role="php">
<![CDATA[
<?php
$array1 = array(0, 1, 2);
$array2 = array("00", "01", "2");
$result = array_diff_assoc($array1, $array2);
print_r($result);
?>
]]>
    </programlisting>
    &example.outputs;
    <screen>
<![CDATA[
Array
(
    [0] => 0
    [1] => 1
    )
]]>
    </screen>
   </example>
  </para>
 </refsect1>

 <refsect1 role="notes">
  &reftitle.notes;
  <note>
   <simpara>
    This function only checks one dimension of a n-dimensional
    array. Of course you can check deeper dimensions by using, for example,
    <literal>array_diff_assoc($array1[0], $array2[0]);</literal>.
   </simpara>
  </note>
 </refsect1>

 <refsect1 role="seealso">
  &reftitle.seealso;
  <para>
   <simplelist>
    <member><function>array_diff</function></member>
    <member><function>array_intersect</function></member>
    <member><function>array_intersect_assoc</function></member>
   </simplelist>
  </para>
 </refsect1>
</refentry>

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