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304 lines
7.6 KiB
XML
304 lines
7.6 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
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<!-- $Revision$ -->
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<!-- EN-Revision: b47e4bea197126359815c5e43403c4b77a0aaaa7 Maintainer: class007 Status: ready -->
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<!-- CREDITS: mowangjuanzi, Luffy -->
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<refentry xml:id="function.xml-parse-into-struct" xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">
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<refnamediv>
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<refname>xml_parse_into_struct</refname>
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<refpurpose>解析 XML 数据到数组中</refpurpose>
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</refnamediv>
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<refsect1 role="description">
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&reftitle.description;
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<methodsynopsis>
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<type class="union"><type>int</type><type>false</type></type><methodname>xml_parse_into_struct</methodname>
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<methodparam><type>XMLParser</type><parameter>parser</parameter></methodparam>
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<methodparam><type>string</type><parameter>data</parameter></methodparam>
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<methodparam><type>array</type><parameter role="reference">values</parameter></methodparam>
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<methodparam choice="opt"><type>array</type><parameter role="reference">index</parameter><initializer>&null;</initializer></methodparam>
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</methodsynopsis>
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<para>
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该函数解析 XML 字符串到两个对应的数组中，一个（<parameter>index</parameter>）含有指向 <parameter>values</parameter>
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数组中对应值的指针。最后两个参数必须通过引用传递。
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</para>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1 role="parameters">
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&reftitle.parameters;
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<para>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><parameter>parser</parameter></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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引用的 XML 解析器。
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><parameter>data</parameter></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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包含 XML 数据的字符串。
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><parameter>values</parameter></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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包含 XML 数据值的数组
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><parameter>index</parameter></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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包含指向 $values 中适当值位置的指针的数组。
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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</para>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1 role="returnvalues">
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&reftitle.returnvalues;
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<para>
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<function>xml_parse_into_struct</function> 失败时返回 0，成功返回 1。这和 &false; 与 &true; 不同，使用运算符（比如 ===）时要小心。
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</para>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1 role="changelog">
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&reftitle.changelog;
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<informaltable>
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<tgroup cols="2">
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<thead>
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<row>
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<entry>&Version;</entry>
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<entry>&Description;</entry>
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</row>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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&xml.changelog.parser-param;
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</tbody>
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</tgroup>
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</informaltable>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1 role="examples">
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&reftitle.examples;
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<para>
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下面的示例说明了函数生成的数组的内部结构。使用嵌入在 <literal>para</literal> 标签中的简单 <literal>note</literal> 标签，然后解析并打印出生成的结构：
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<example>
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<title><function>xml_parse_into_struct</function> 示例</title>
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<programlisting role="php">
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<![CDATA[
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<?php
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$simple = "<para><note>simple note</note></para>";
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$p = xml_parser_create();
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xml_parse_into_struct($p, $simple, $vals, $index);
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echo "Index array\n";
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print_r($index);
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echo "\nVals array\n";
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print_r($vals);
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?>
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]]>
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</programlisting>
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<para>
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运行以上代码，输出将是：
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</para>
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<screen>
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<![CDATA[
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Index array
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Array
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(
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[PARA] => Array
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(
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[0] => 0
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[1] => 2
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)
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[NOTE] => Array
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(
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[0] => 1
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)
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)
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Vals array
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Array
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(
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[0] => Array
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(
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[tag] => PARA
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[type] => open
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[level] => 1
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)
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[1] => Array
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(
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[tag] => NOTE
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[type] => complete
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[level] => 2
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[value] => simple note
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)
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[2] => Array
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(
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[tag] => PARA
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[type] => close
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[level] => 1
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)
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)
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]]>
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</screen>
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</example>
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</para>
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<para>
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当 XML 文档很复杂时，事件驱动的解析（基于 expat 库）会变得复杂。此函数不会生成 DOM 风格对象，但会生成适合以树形方式遍历的结构。因此，可以轻松地创建表示 XML 文件中数据的对象。考虑以下表示氨基酸信息小型数据库的 XML 文件：
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<example>
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<title>moldb.xml - 分子信息的小型数据库</title>
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<programlisting role="xml">
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<![CDATA[
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<?xml version="1.0"?>
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<moldb>
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<molecule>
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<name>Alanine</name>
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<symbol>ala</symbol>
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<code>A</code>
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<type>hydrophobic</type>
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</molecule>
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<molecule>
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<name>Lysine</name>
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<symbol>lys</symbol>
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<code>K</code>
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<type>charged</type>
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</molecule>
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</moldb>
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]]>
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</programlisting>
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</example>
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还有一些代码用来解析文档并生成相应对象：
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<example>
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<title>
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parsemoldb.php - 将 moldb.xml 解析到分子（molecular）对象的数组中
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</title>
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<programlisting role="php">
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<![CDATA[
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<?php
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class AminoAcid {
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var $name; // aa name
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var $symbol; // three letter symbol
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var $code; // one letter code
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var $type; // hydrophobic, charged or neutral
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function __construct ($aa)
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{
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foreach ($aa as $k=>$v)
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$this->$k = $aa[$k];
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}
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}
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function readDatabase($filename)
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{
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// read the XML database of aminoacids
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$data = file_get_contents($filename);
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$parser = xml_parser_create();
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xml_parser_set_option($parser, XML_OPTION_CASE_FOLDING, 0);
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xml_parser_set_option($parser, XML_OPTION_SKIP_WHITE, 1);
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xml_parse_into_struct($parser, $data, $values, $tags);
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unset($parser);
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// loop through the structures
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foreach ($tags as $key=>$val) {
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if ($key == "molecule") {
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$molranges = $val;
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// each contiguous pair of array entries are the
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// lower and upper range for each molecule definition
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for ($i=0; $i < count($molranges); $i+=2) {
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$offset = $molranges[$i] + 1;
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$len = $molranges[$i + 1] - $offset;
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$tdb[] = parseMol(array_slice($values, $offset, $len));
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}
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} else {
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continue;
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}
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}
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return $tdb;
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}
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function parseMol($mvalues)
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{
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for ($i=0; $i < count($mvalues); $i++) {
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$mol[$mvalues[$i]["tag"]] = $mvalues[$i]["value"];
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}
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return new AminoAcid($mol);
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}
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$db = readDatabase("moldb.xml");
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echo "** Database of AminoAcid objects:\n";
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print_r($db);
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?>
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]]>
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</programlisting>
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</example>
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在执行完 <filename>parsemoldb.php</filename> 后，变量 <varname>$db</varname> 将包含有由 <classname>AminoAcid</classname> 对象组成的数组，该脚本的输出如下：
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<informalexample>
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<screen>
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<![CDATA[
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** Database of AminoAcid objects:
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Array
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(
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[0] => aminoacid Object
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(
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[name] => Alanine
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[symbol] => ala
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[code] => A
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[type] => hydrophobic
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)
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[1] => aminoacid Object
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(
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[name] => Lysine
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[symbol] => lys
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[code] => K
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[type] => charged
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)
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)
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]]>
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</screen>
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</informalexample>
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</para>
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</refsect1>
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</refentry>
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<!-- Keep this comment at the end of the file
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Local variables:
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mode: sgml
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sgml-omittag:t
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sgml-shorttag:t
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sgml-minimize-attributes:nil
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sgml-always-quote-attributes:t
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sgml-indent-step:1
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sgml-indent-data:t
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indent-tabs-mode:nil
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sgml-parent-document:nil
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sgml-default-dtd-file:"~/.phpdoc/manual.ced"
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sgml-exposed-tags:nil
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sgml-local-catalogs:nil
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sgml-local-ecat-files:nil
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End:
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vim600: syn=xml fen fdm=syntax fdl=2 si
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vim: et tw=78 syn=sgml
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vi: ts=1 sw=1
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-->
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