archived-doc-zh/reference/strings/functions/str-getcsv.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
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<refentry xml:id="function.str-getcsv" xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
 <refnamediv>
  <refname>str_getcsv</refname>
  <refpurpose>
   解析 CSV 字符串为一个数组
  </refpurpose>
 </refnamediv>

 <refsect1 role="description">
  &reftitle.description;
  <methodsynopsis>
   <type>array</type><methodname>str_getcsv</methodname>
   <methodparam><type>string</type><parameter>string</parameter></methodparam>
   <methodparam choice="opt"><type>string</type><parameter>separator</parameter><initializer>","</initializer></methodparam>
   <methodparam choice="opt"><type>string</type><parameter>enclosure</parameter><initializer>"\""</initializer></methodparam>
   <methodparam choice="opt"><type>string</type><parameter>escape</parameter><initializer>"\\"</initializer></methodparam>
  </methodsynopsis>
  <para>
   以 <acronym>CSV</acronym> 字段格式解析字符串输入，并返回包含读取字段的数组。
  </para>
  <xi:include xpointer="xmlns(db=http://docbook.org/ns/docbook) xpointer(id('function.fgetcsv')/db:refsect1[@role='description']//db:note/.)">
   <xi:fallback/>
  </xi:include>
 </refsect1>

 <refsect1 role="parameters">
  &reftitle.parameters;
  <para>
   <variablelist>
    <varlistentry>
     <term><parameter>string</parameter></term>
     <listitem>
      <para>
       待解析的字符串。
      </para>
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>
    <xi:include xpointer="xmlns(db=http://docbook.org/ns/docbook) xpointer(id('function.fgetcsv')/db:refsect1[@role='parameters']//db:varlistentry[db:term[db:parameter[text()='separator']]]/.)">
     <xi:fallback/>
    </xi:include>
    <xi:include xpointer="xmlns(db=http://docbook.org/ns/docbook) xpointer(id('function.fgetcsv')/db:refsect1[@role='parameters']//db:varlistentry[db:term[db:parameter[text()='enclosure']]]/.)">
     <xi:fallback/>
    </xi:include>
    <xi:include xpointer="xmlns(db=http://docbook.org/ns/docbook) xpointer(id('function.fgetcsv')/db:refsect1[@role='parameters']//db:varlistentry[db:term[db:parameter[text()='escape']]]/.)">
     <xi:fallback/>
    </xi:include>
   </variablelist>
  </para>
  &warning.csv.escape-parameter;
 </refsect1>

 <refsect1 role="returnvalues">
  &reftitle.returnvalues;
  <para>
   返回一个包含读取到的字段的索引数组。
  </para>
 </refsect1>

 <xi:include xpointer="xmlns(db=http://docbook.org/ns/docbook) xpointer(id('function.fgetcsv')/db:refsect1[@role='errors']/.)">
  <xi:fallback/>
 </xi:include>

 <refsect1 role="changelog">
  &reftitle.changelog;
  <para>
   <informaltable>
    <tgroup cols="2">
     <thead>
      <row>
       <entry>&Version;</entry>
       <entry>&Description;</entry>
      </row>
     </thead>
     <tbody>
      <xi:include xpointer="xmlns(db=http://docbook.org/ns/docbook) xpointer(id('function.fgetcsv')/db:refsect1[@role='changelog']//db:row[db:entry[text()='8.4.0']]/.)">
       <xi:fallback/>
      </xi:include>
      <row>
       <entry>8.4.0</entry>
       <entry>
        如果 <parameter>separator</parameter>、<parameter>enclosure</parameter>
        或 <parameter>escape</parameter> 无效，现在会抛出 <exceptionname>ValueError</exceptionname>。这模仿了
        <function>fgetcsv</function> 和 <function>fputcsv</function> 的行为。
       </entry>
      </row>
      <xi:include xpointer="xmlns(db=http://docbook.org/ns/docbook) xpointer(id('function.fgetcsv')/db:refsect1[@role='changelog']//db:row[db:entry[text()='8.3.0']]/.)">
       <xi:fallback/>
      </xi:include>
      <row>
       <entry>7.4.0</entry>
       <entry>
        <parameter>escape</parameter> 现在将空字符串视为禁用专有转义机制的信号。以前视为默认参数值。
       </entry>
      </row>
     </tbody>
    </tgroup>
   </informaltable>
  </para>
 </refsect1>

 <refsect1 role="examples">
  &reftitle.examples;
  <para>
   <example>
    <title><function>str_getcsv</function> 示例</title>
    <programlisting role="php">
<![CDATA[
<?php

$string = 'PHP,Java,Python,Kotlin,Swift';
$data = str_getcsv($string, escape: '\\');

var_dump($data);
?>
]]>
    </programlisting>
    &example.outputs;
    <screen>
<![CDATA[
array(5) {
  [0]=>
  string(3) "PHP"
  [1]=>
  string(4) "Java"
  [2]=>
  string(6) "Python"
  [3]=>
  string(6) "Kotlin"
  [4]=>
  string(5) "Swift"
}
]]>
    </screen>
   </example>
  </para>
  <para>
   <example>
    <title>处理空字符串的 <function>str_getcsv</function> 示例</title>
    <caution>
     <simpara>
      对于空字符串，此函数返回值 <code>[null]</code> 从而代替空数组。
     </simpara>
    </caution>
    <programlisting role="php">
<![CDATA[
<?php

$string = '';
$data = str_getcsv($string, escape: '\\');

var_dump($data);
?>
]]>
    </programlisting>
    &example.outputs;
    <screen>
<![CDATA[
array(1) {
  [0]=>
  NULL
}
]]>
    </screen>
   </example>
  </para>
 </refsect1>

 <refsect1 role="seealso">
  &reftitle.seealso;
  <simplelist>
   <member><function>fputcsv</function></member>
   <member><function>fgetcsv</function></member>
   <member><methodname>SplFileObject::fgetcsv</methodname></member>
   <member><methodname>SplFileObject::fputcsv</methodname></member>
   <member><methodname>SplFileObject::setCsvControl</methodname></member>
   <member><methodname>SplFileObject::getCsvControl</methodname></member>
  </simplelist>
 </refsect1>
</refentry>
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