array_map
将回调函数作用到给定数组的单元上
&reftitle.description;
arrayarray_map
callbackcallback
arrayarr1
array...
array_map 返回一个数组，该数组包含了
arr1 中的所有单元经过
callback 作用过之后的单元。callback
接受的参数数目应该和传递给
array_map 函数的数组数目一致。
<function>array_map</function> 例子
]]>
这使得 $b 成为：
1
[1] => 8
[2] => 27
[3] => 64
[4] => 125
)
]]>
<function>array_map</function> - 使用更多的数组
$m));
}
$a = array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5);
$b = array("uno", "dos", "tres", "cuatro", "cinco");
$c = array_map("show_Spanish", $a, $b);
print_r($c);
$d = array_map("map_Spanish", $a , $b);
print_r($d);
?>
]]>
&example.outputs;
The number 1 is called uno in Spanish
[1] => The number 2 is called dos in Spanish
[2] => The number 3 is called tres in Spanish
[3] => The number 4 is called cuatro in Spanish
[4] => The number 5 is called cinco in Spanish
)
// printout of $d
Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[1] => uno
)
[1] => Array
(
[2] => dos
)
[2] => Array
(
[3] => tres
)
[3] => Array
(
[4] => cuatro
)
[4] => Array
(
[5] => cinco
)
)
]]>
通常使用了两个或更多数组时，它们的长度应该相同，因为回调函数是平行作用于相应的单元上的。如果数组的长度不同，则最短的一个将被用空的单元扩充。
本函数一个有趣的用法是构造一个数组的数组，这可以很容易的通过用 &null; 作为回调函数名来实现。
建立一个数组的数组
]]>
&example.outputs;
Array
(
[0] => 1
[1] => one
[2] => uno
)
[1] => Array
(
[0] => 2
[1] => two
[2] => dos
)
[2] => Array
(
[0] => 3
[1] => three
[2] => tres
)
[3] => Array
(
[0] => 4
[1] => four
[2] => cuatro
)
[4] => Array
(
[0] => 5
[1] => five
[2] => cinco
)
)
]]>
参见 array_filter，array_reduce，array_walk
和&seealso.callback;。
&reftitle.parameters;
callback
Callback function to run for each element in each array.
arr1
An array to run through the callback function.
array
Variable list of array arguments to run through the
callback function.
&reftitle.returnvalues;
Returns an array containing all the elements of arr1
after applying the callback function to each one.
&reftitle.examples;
<function>array_map</function> example
]]>
This makes $b have:
1
[1] => 8
[2] => 27
[3] => 64
[4] => 125
)
]]>
<function>array_map</function> using a lambda function (as of PHP 5.3.0)
]]>
2
[1] => 4
[2] => 6
[3] => 8
[4] => 10
)
]]>
<function>array_map</function> - using more arrays
$m));
}
$a = array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5);
$b = array("uno", "dos", "tres", "cuatro", "cinco");
$c = array_map("show_Spanish", $a, $b);
print_r($c);
$d = array_map("map_Spanish", $a , $b);
print_r($d);
?>
]]>
&example.outputs;
The number 1 is called uno in Spanish
[1] => The number 2 is called dos in Spanish
[2] => The number 3 is called tres in Spanish
[3] => The number 4 is called cuatro in Spanish
[4] => The number 5 is called cinco in Spanish
)
// printout of $d
Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[1] => uno
)
[1] => Array
(
[2] => dos
)
[2] => Array
(
[3] => tres
)
[3] => Array
(
[4] => cuatro
)
[4] => Array
(
[5] => cinco
)
)
]]>
Usually when using two or more arrays, they should be of equal length
because the callback function is applied in parallel to the corresponding
elements.
If the arrays are of unequal length, the shortest one will be extended
with empty elements.
An interesting use of this function is to construct an array of arrays,
which can be easily performed by using &null;
as the name of the callback function
Creating an array of arrays
]]>
&example.outputs;
Array
(
[0] => 1
[1] => one
[2] => uno
)
[1] => Array
(
[0] => 2
[1] => two
[2] => dos
)
[2] => Array
(
[0] => 3
[1] => three
[2] => tres
)
[3] => Array
(
[0] => 4
[1] => four
[2] => cuatro
)
[4] => Array
(
[0] => 5
[1] => five
[2] => cinco
)
)
]]>
If the array argument contains string keys then the returned array
will contain string keys if and only if exactly one array is passed. If
more than one argument is passed then the returned array always has
integer keys.
<function>array_map</function> - with string keys
"value");
function cb1($a) {
return array ($a);
}
function cb2($a, $b) {
return array ($a, $b);
}
var_dump(array_map("cb1", $arr));
var_dump(array_map("cb2", $arr, $arr));
var_dump(array_map(null, $arr));
var_dump(array_map(null, $arr, $arr));
?>
]]>
&example.outputs;
array(1) {
[0]=>
string(5) "value"
}
}
array(1) {
[0]=>
array(2) {
[0]=>
string(5) "value"
[1]=>
string(5) "value"
}
}
array(1) {
["stringkey"]=>
string(5) "value"
}
array(1) {
[0]=>
array(2) {
[0]=>
string(5) "value"
[1]=>
string(5) "value"
}
}
]]>
&reftitle.seealso;
array_filter
array_reduce
array_walk
create_function
&seealso.callback;