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archived-doc-es/reference/classobj/reference.xml
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2007-12-10 17:09:35 +00:00

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-1"?>
<!-- $Revision: 1.8 $ -->
<!-- EN-Revision: 1.7 Maintainer: rafael Status: ready -->
<reference xml:id="ref.classobj" xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook">
<title>Funciones de Clases/Objetos</title>
<titleabbrev>Clases/Objetos</titleabbrev>
<partintro>
<section xml:id="classobj.intro">
&reftitle.intro;
<para>
Estas funciones permiten obtener informaci&oacute;n sobre clases y
objetos. Se puede obtener el nombre de la clase a la que pertenece
un objeto, asi como las propiedades de sus miembros y
m&eacute;todos. Usando estas funciones se puede obtener no solo lo
comentado en la frase anterior, tambi&eacute;n se puede obtener la
familia del objeto (p.ej. qu&eacute; clase est&aacute; extendiendo la
clase a la que pertenece el objeto).
</para>
</section>
<section xml:id="classobj.requirements">
&reftitle.required;
&no.requirement;
</section>
<section xml:id="classobj.installation">
&reftitle.install;
&no.install;
</section>
<section xml:id="classobj.configuration">
&reftitle.runtime;
&no.config;
</section>
<section xml:id="classobj.resources">
&reftitle.resources;
&no.resource;
</section>
<section xml:id="classobj.constants">
&reftitle.constants;
&no.constants;
</section>
<section xml:id="classobj.examples">
&reftitle.examples;
<para>
En este ejemplo, definimos primero una clase base y una
extensi&oacute;n de esta clase. La clase base define un vegetal
gen&eacute;rico, si es comestible y su color. La subclase
<varname>Spinach</varname> a&ntilde;ade un metodo para cocinarlo y
otro para saber si esta cocinado.
</para>
<para>
<example>
<title>classes.inc</title>
<programlisting role="php">
<![CDATA[
<?php
// base class with member properties and methods
class Vegetable {
var $edible;
var $color;
function Vegetable( $edible, $color="green" ) {
$this->edible = $edible;
$this->color = $color;
}
function is_edible() {
return $this->edible;
}
function what_color() {
return $this->color;
}
} // end of class Vegetable
// extends the base class
class Spinach extends Vegetable {
var $cooked = false;
function Spinach() {
$this->Vegetable( true, "green" );
}
function cook_it() {
$this->cooked = true;
}
function is_cooked() {
return $this->cooked;
}
} // end of class Spinach
?>
]]>
</programlisting>
</example>
</para>
<para>
Creamos 2 objetos de estas clases e imprimimos informaci&oacute;n
sobre ellos, incluyendo la jerarquia de clases a la que
pertenecen. Tambi&eacute;n definimos algunas funciones,
especialmente para imprimir las variables de una manera ordenada.
</para>
<para>
<example>
<title>test_script.php</title>
<programlisting role="php">
<![CDATA[
<pre>
<?php
include "classes.inc";
// utility functions
function print_vars($obj) {
$arr = get_object_vars($obj);
while (list($prop, $val) = each($arr))
echo "\t$prop = $val\n";
}
function print_methods($obj) {
$arr = get_class_methods(get_class($obj));
foreach ($arr as $method)
echo "\tfunction $method()\n";
}
function class_parentage($obj, $class) {
global $$obj;
if (is_subclass_of($$obj, $class)) {
echo "Object $obj belongs to class ".get_class($$obj);
echo " a subclass of $class\n";
} else {
echo "Object $obj does not belong to a subclass of $class\n";
}
}
// instantiate 2 objects
$veggie = new Vegetable(true,"blue");
$leafy = new Spinach();
// print out information about objects
echo "veggie: CLASS ".get_class($veggie)."\n";
echo "leafy: CLASS ".get_class($leafy);
echo ", PARENT ".get_parent_class($leafy)."\n";
// show veggie properties
echo "\nveggie: Properties\n";
print_vars($veggie);
// and leafy methods
echo "\nleafy: Methods\n";
print_methods($leafy);
echo "\nParentage:\n";
class_parentage("leafy", "Spinach");
class_parentage("leafy", "Vegetable");
?>
</pre>
]]>
</programlisting>
</example>
</para>
<para>
One important thing to note in the example above is that the
object <varname>$leafy</varname> is an instance of the class
<classname>Spinach</classname> which is a subclass of
<classname>Vegetable</classname>, therefore the last part of the
script above will output:
</para>
<para>
<informalexample>
<programlisting>
<![CDATA[
[...]
Parentage:
Object leafy does not belong to a subclass of Spinach
Object leafy belongs to class spinach a subclass of Vegetable
]]>
</programlisting>
</informalexample>
</para>
</section>
</partintro>
&reference.classobj.entities.functions;
</reference>
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